Augsburg patrician families

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The patriciate of the imperial city of Augsburg , the patrician families entitled to the Inner Council , represented the actual center of power in the imperial city of Augsburg until the Bavarian occupation in 1805. For the patriciate in Augsburg, the birth class principle applied from 1383 .

The Augsburg Council: Dedication image from Sigismund Meisterlin's Augsburg city chronicle from 1457.

history

As a Roman foundation, Augsburg became the capital of the province of Raetia secunda in 294 . Augsburg was also the seat of a bishop in late antiquity . The invasion of the Alamanni in 450 and the collapse of the Roman Empire caused the settlement to stagnate in the centuries that followed. The importance of Augsburg grew again towards the end of the early Middle Ages (including the battle on the Lechfeld ). Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa officially restored Augsburg to the city in 1156. The imperial immediacy was Augsburg by King Rudolf von Habsburg awarded on 9 March 1276 with the privilege of its own statute law, after which the municipal law was summarized in the book by city 1276th The now expanded independence of the city of Augsburg led to violent disputes between the Augsburg citizens and the bishopric as the secular domain of the Augsburg prince-bishop , which culminated in the 15th century with the relocation of the main episcopal residence to Dillingen on the Danube .

Over time, more and more a socially relatively closed upper class (later called patricians ) took over rule in the city, but this did not go without disputes. In 1368 there was an uprising of the town's craftsmen, which led to the introduction of a guild constitution . The conclusion of the patriciate to a birth state was determined by a council statute of 1383. The open, marriage-based structure of the old patriciate, however, lived on in the “Herrenstube”. This social corporation, in which patricians and non-patricians ("multiples") who were fit for marriage through marriage, were united, had no formal political function, but in fact developed into an important political decision-making center. As a result of the current guild constitution and the associated regulation of all manual activities, the power of the guilds rose steadily for the time being . The city developed due to its central location on old highways z. B. the Via Claudia Augusta , the Via Julia and the Via Imperii to an important trading city. The high point of this period was the government of Ulrich Schwarz , who took over the mayor's office in 1469 with great political visions. At first he succeeded, among other things, in giving the underrepresented lower guilds a say in the city regiment and in freeing Augsburg from the debt trap. When families from the Herrenstube and the patriciate opposed him, however, he resorted to brutal means and executed the death penalty on the Vittel brothers , which led to his own fall and his execution in 1478.

Luther's teachings had a major impact on the city. Augsburg was one of the representatives of the Protestant minority at the Speyer Diet in 1529 , but was not involved in the Speyer protest . The citizenry demanded the unhindered spread of the Protestant faith, which was formulated at the Reichstag in Augsburg in 1530 with the Augsburg Confession by Philipp Melanchthon . Since the patriciate had merged into eight families and the exercise of its constitutional functions seemed endangered, 39 new families were admitted to the patriciate by the city council in 1538, among them the economically dominant family of the Fuggers at the time . In 1548, with the Augsburg Interim , Emperor Charles V initiated the abolition of the old guild constitutions in many southern German imperial cities, which the imperial commissioner Heinrich Has replaced with new, patrician-dominated city constitutions based on the model of Nuremberg . In Augsburg, a 41-member council, made up of a majority of patricians, was set up, which was increased to 45 members in 1555 by the admission of four non-patricians. The Augsburg Imperial and Religious Peace in 1555 led to an initial compromise between Catholics and Protestants .

After 1548, admissions to the patriciate were also based on imperial mandates and recommendations , the last in 1802 shortly before the end of the imperial city period. Some of the patrician families were represented in the Inner Council with several members: the Rehlinger family with five, the Fugger and Welser with three members each. During the Swedish occupation from 1632 to 1635 in the Thirty Years' War , the so-called "Swedish families" were accepted into the patriciate. In the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, denominational parity was re-established for Augsburg: it ran through all administrative areas of Augsburg. Not only did the city council have equal numbers of Catholics and Protestants , but also every administrative office and every municipal committee had to exist twice, each for a Catholic and a Protestant. As a result of the admission of four Protestant families to the patriciate, the number of Protestant patrician families increased to 13, and that of patrician families in total to 28. A dominance of certain families can be determined. Five Catholic and Protestant town keepers from 1648 to 1805 each belonged to the Langenmantel and Stetten families , whose terms of office extended over 51 and 47 years respectively.

Paul von Stetten worked from 1792 to 1806 as the last patrician town clerk in the imperial city of Augsburg. With the Peace Treaty of Pressburg (December 26, 1805), Augsburg, which had already been occupied by Bavarian troops on December 21 , lost its imperial freedom and fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

Coat of arms in the sieve maker

From Siebmacher's coat of arms 1605:

  • Augspurgischer Adeliche Patricii

  • Siebmacher panel 207

  • Siebmacher panel 208

  • Augspurgic Hereditary Sexes

  • Siebmacher plate 214

  • Siebmacher plate 215

  • Siebmacher plate 216

  • Siebmacher plate 217

Familys

  • Alpishofer (also Alpershofer), 1315–1498 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Amman (von Werd), accepted into the patriciate in 1649, a leading Protestant family.
  • Apothecary
  • Doctor (also doctor, Artzat, Artzet), 1359–1564 traceable in Augsburg, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Bach, traceable in Augsburg around 1294–1522.
  • Better, only briefly verifiable in Augsburg, the Swabian patrician family lived mainly in Ulm, Memmingen and Ravensburg.
  • Bitschlin, traceable in Augsburg from 1294–1404, provided three town keepers in the 14th century.
  • Breischuh (also Preyschuh, Prischuch), merchant and patrician family, 1336–1392 in Augsburg can be proven.
  • Breuning, provided Sebastian Breuning, an auxiliary bishop in Augsburg.
  • Buroner, 1497–1728 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Conzelmann (also Konzelmann, Cunzelmann, Chüntzelman), 1346–1498 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Cranz, 1366–1406 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Badger, 1283–1398 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Dendrich, traceable in Augsburg from 1368–1504, comes from the craft.
  • Dettighofer (also Dettikofer), 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Dillinger, 1264–1404 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Ehm (also Ehe), 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Egen (also from Argon), 1342–1532 in Augsburg verifiable, belonging to the patriciate uncertain. Herrenstube (room note 1416), from 1442 imperial nobility.
  • Eggenberger, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Endorfer (also Endorffer), 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Eulenthaler (also Ulentaler), 1264–1346 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Fend
  • Fesenmayr
  • Fideler
Coat of arms of the Fugger line from the lily in the Fugger Book of Honor, 1545
  • Fugger , traceable in Augsburg since 1367. Since 1478 in the Herrenstube, 1511 imperial nobility, 1514 and 1526 counts (under feudal law for Kirchberg), 1530/35 facultative barons (title management from approx. 1550) and counts (title management from approx. 1620), 1538 admission to the patriciate, 1803 imperial prince ( Fugger -Babenhausen ).
  • from Fullenbach
  • Funck, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • of feet
  • Glaner
  • from Goldbach
  • Gold ox
  • Gollenhofer
  • Gossenbrot (also Gossembrot, Gossenbrot, Gossenbrot), 1327–1500 traceable in Augsburg. 1499 imperial nobility.
  • Hainhofer (also Ainhofer), one of the so-called "Swedish genders". The family died out at the end of the 17th century.
  • Hainzel, accepted into the patriciate in 1538, the family died out at the end of the 17th century.
  • Half-master
  • Halder, Protestant banking family, accepted into the patriciate in 1785.
  • Haller, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Pendulous ear
  • Heel, 1532–1597 in Augsburg can be proven. 1532 Herrenstube, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Holy graves
  • Hentschel
  • Herwarth von Bittenfeld , in 1538 one of the eight “old families” still in bloom.
  • Höchstetter , 1518 imperial nobility as Höchstetter von Burgwalden, bankruptcy in 1529.
  • Hofmeyr (also Hofmair), 1538 one of the eight “old families” that were still in bloom.
  • Holl (also Hel), 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Holzapfel, Catholic patrician family, strongly represented on the Privy Council in the 18th century.
  • Honold vom Luchs (patrician) , originally from Kaufbeuren , 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Honold (with the pigeon), originally from Kaufbeuren.
  • Hopfer, hereditary nobility in 1590, admission to the patriciate not proven.
  • Hörnlin, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Hoser, traceable in Augsburg from 1432 to the 17th century. 1471 imperial coat of arms, since 1526 lordship, one of the so-called "Swedish families".
  • von Hößlin , a Protestant banking family in Augsburg, entered the patriciate in 1700.
  • Hotter
  • von Hoy (von Hoie, Hoe) 1296–1456 in Augsburg verifiable, 1456 escaped from Augsburg due to bankruptcy.
  • Hurlocher
  • Hurnaus
  • Ilsung , 1538 one of the eight “old families” still in bloom.
  • Imhoff , Catholic patrician family, admitted to the patriciate in 1538, strongly represented on the Privy Council in the 18th century.
  • Jenisch , first detectable in Augsburg in the middle of the 14th century, branches in the 16th and 17th centuries in Kempten and Memmingen and from the 18th to 20th centuries in Hamburg.
  • Jung, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Barren
  • wedge
  • basement, cellar
  • Klocker (also Campanarius, Campanator), 1248–1368 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Koch von Gailenbach , raised to the patriciate in 1654.
  • force
  • from Kuen
  • Long
Two Augsburg councilors of the Langenmantel family: Langenmantel from the rafter on the left, Langenmantel from the double R on the right (1457)
  • Langenmantel ("Langenmantel vom doppelten R"), 1538 one of the eight "old families" still in bloom, dominant family among the Catholic families since the late 17th century.
  • Langenmantel (from the rafter), sibling with the "Langenmantel vom double R", 1538 one of the eight "old families" still in bloom.
  • Lauginger, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Dear
  • Liebert, admitted to the patriciate in 1785.
  • Luitfried
  • Luithold
  • May, active in the Augsburg Welser-Vöhlin Society, Bartholomäus May 1570–1575 mayor.
  • Mayr, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Meuting (also Meiting, Mütting), traceable in Augsburg from the middle of the 14th century to 1613, admission to the patriciate in 1538.
  • Minner (also Amator), 1235–1483 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Mohrenkopf
  • Morell , originally from Savoy, also in the Inner Council of Augsburg in the 18th.
  • Mill iron
  • Münch von Mühringen , Protestant family, advanced into the ranks of the sexes in the 1730s.
  • Mint master (also Monetarius de Werdea), from Donauwörth, 1360-1367 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Neidhart, traceable in Augsburg from 1407 until the second half of the 16th century. 1522 citizenship and mansion, 1538 admission to the patriciate after rejection in 1514.
  • Nördlinger, 1318 to the beginning of the 16th century in Augsburg, belonging to the patriciate cannot be proven with certainty.
  • Austrian (also Austrian)
  • Onsorg (also Ansorg, Aunsorg), 1311–1486 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • Paller
  • Panwolff
Baron coat of arms of the Augsburg line Paumgartner (with swan)
  • Paumgartner (also Baumgartner), from Nuremberg, 1465–1552 traceable in Augsburg, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Peutinger, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Pfettner (also from Pfetten), 1323–1448 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Pfister, family with a background in the trade, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • von Pflumper, Catholic family in Augsburg, advanced into the ranks of the sexes in the 1730s
  • willie
  • Portner of Augsburg
  • from Precht
  • Priol, 1302-1397 in Augsburg detectable.
  • Rad, goldsmith family (“Rad and Hösslin”), 1697 ennobled.
  • Rappolt, 1334–1420 in Augsburg can be proven.
  • von Ruffini (also Rufin or Ruffin), Joseph Anton von Ruffini was accepted into the patriciate in 1733.
  • von Rauner, Protestant banking family in Augsburg, entered the patriciate in 1699.
  • Ravenspurger, 1538 one of the eight “old families” still in bloom.
  • Rule, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
Coat of arms of the Rehlinger family after Johann Siebmacher
  • Rehlinger , traceable in Augsburg from 1302 until the 19th century. 1538 one of the eight “old families” still in bloom. As a Catholic patrician family, it was still strongly represented on the Privy Council in the 18th century.
  • Reinbott
  • Rem (also Rehm, Remen), 1538 admission to the patriciate. As a Catholic patrician family, strongly represented on the Secret Council in the 18th century.
  • Rembold (also Renwoldt), accepted into the patriciate in 1538.
  • Renz
  • Rephing (also Reihing, Roeynck, Rühing), traceable in Augsburg from 1488 to the beginning of the 17th century. 1530 imperial nobility, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • of knights
  • Rischart
  • Roth, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Rudolph, accepted into the patriciate in 1538.
  • Sarnthein (also Särnthein)
Sättelin's coat of arms in the gender book of the city of Augsburg , around 1550
  • Sättelin, accepted into the patriciate in 1538.
  • Schanternell
  • von Scheidlin, Protestant family in Augsburg, advanced into the ranks of the sexes in the 1730s.
  • from Scheler
  • Schellenberger
  • Schiller, accepted into the patriciate in 1628.
  • Key fields
  • Schmucker, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Schönecker (also Schönegger, von Schönegg), 1277–1408 in Augsburg verifiable.
  • More beautiful, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Schongauer (also Schongowarius), 1239–1357 traceable in Augsburg, a merchant and artist family of the same name is traceable in Augsburg 1346–1491.
  • von Schnurbein , Protestant banking family in Augsburg, accepted into the patriciate in 1706.
  • Schröter
  • Schwarz, a Protestant banking family in Augsburg, entered the patriciate in the second half of the 18th century.
  • von Seyda (also Seida), Catholic family in Augsburg, advanced into the ranks of the sexes in the 1730s.
  • Parakeet House
  • Stammler, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Steininger, raised to the patriciate rank by King Gustav II Adolf in 1632 .
  • Stenglin , raised to the patriciate during the Swedish occupation (1632–1635).
Coat of arms of those from Stetten after Johann Siebmacher
  • von Stetten (also von Stöten), 1538 admission to the patriciate. Dominant family among the Protestant families since the late 17th century.
  • Stolzhirsch, traceable in Augsburg from 1233–1421, one of the most powerful families of the early patriciate.
  • Suelman
  • Sulzer, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Thenn
  • Tornauer
  • Ulschard
  • Ulstatt, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Uelman
  • Cousins, "cousins ​​of the lily" are traceable in Augsburg from 1312–1408, the "cousins ​​of the pantheon" are traceable in Augsburg from 1312–1536.
  • Vittel, opponent of Ulrich Schwarz in the 15th century. Johann and his brother Leonhard Vittel died on April 19, 1477 on the scaffold. 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Vögelin, 1270–1483 traceable in Augsburg.
  • Vogel, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Vöhlin (also Fehlin), from Memmingen, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Volkwein / Volckwien
  • Walther, 1538 admission to the patriciate.
  • Wanner
  • White
  • Weißinger
Welser coat of arms after Johann Siebmacher
  • Welser , traceable in Augsburg from 1246. 1538 one of the eight “old families” still in bloom. In 1532 he was raised to imperial nobility, and in 1567 to baron.
  • Weßisbrunner
  • Winkler
  • Wolfhart
  • Zech
  • Zobel, 1559–1689 traceable in Augsburg, 1632–1635 patriciate (one of the “Swedish families”), 1649 renewed admission to the patriciate.
  • Zollrayer

Research group

In 1998, the "Research Group Augsburger Patricians and Related Families e. V. “founded, in the descendants d. Families Gullmann, von Herwart, Hoechstetter, von Hößlin, Pemer, von Rad, von Rauner, von Schnurbein, von Stetten and von Süßkind-Schwendi as well as others interested in history are represented.

literature

  • Paul Warmbrunn: Two denominations in one city. The coexistence of Catholics and Protestants in the equal imperial cities of Augsburg, Biberach, Ravensburg and Dinkelsbühl from 1548 to 1648. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1983, ISBN 3-515-03782-9 (also dissertation, University of Freiburg im Breisgau, 1981/82).
  • Paul von Stetten: History of the noble families in the free imperial city of Augsburg . Augsburg, 1762. ( E-copy ).
  • Paul Hector Mair: Gender book of the city of Augsburg. BSB Cod.icon. 312 b, Augsburg, around 1550. ( BSB-Hss Cod.icon. 312 b )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Augsburger Stadtlexikon, 2nd edition, ISBN 3-922769-28-4 .
  2. ↑ Ernst Deuerlein: Ulrich Schwarz , in Lebensbilder from Bavarian Swabia , Götz von Pölnitz (ed.), Hueber, Munich 1953.
  3. ^ Eberhard Naujoks: Charles V and the guild constitution. Selected files on the constitutional changes in the Upper German imperial cities (1547–1556). Publications of the commission for historical regional studies in Baden-Württemberg. Row A: Sources
  4. ^ Siegfried Merath: Paul von Stetten the Younger: an Augsburg patrician at the end of the imperial city period. , Rösler Verlag, Augsburg, 2001.
  5. ↑ Peter Mortzfeld: The portrait collection of the Herzog August Library Wolfenbüttel. , Morell, Johann Georg