Fugger from the lily

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Coat of arms of the Fugger line “von der Lilie”
in the Fugger's book of honor, 1545/49

The Swabian merchant family of the Fuggers , based in Augsburg since the 14th century , split into two families in the 15th century: the Fugger von der Lilie and the Fugger vom Reh , who went their separate ways after the family fortune was divided up in 1455.

The company of "Fugger von der Lilie" achieved world renown under Jakob Fugger "the rich" and his nephew Anton Fugger and since then has been an emblem of European early capitalism , which is temporally and causally linked to colonization and violent European expansion . At the beginning of the 16th century the family began to rise to the nobility. From the middle of the 16th century, the Fugger von der Lilie held high ecclesiastical and secular offices.

coat of arms

  • Fugger coat of arms with the two lilies

  • Coat of arms of the Fugger von der Lilie, awarded in 1473

  • Count's coat of arms of the Fuggers, awarded in 1530

  • Two coats of arms of the Counts of Fugger, awarded in 1535

  • Fugger-Waldburg alliance coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Fugger von der Lilie shows two lilies in confused colors in the golden-blue split shield . On the helmet with blue and gold covers a blue and gold split lily between two buffalo horns (right gold, left blue) with two buffalo ears in mixed up colors.

The Fugger lily can still be seen in the coats of arms of several counties and numerous municipalities.

History of the Fugger "from the lily"

Family history to date

After the acquisition of the county of Kirchberg and the dominions of Weißenhorn , Wullenstetten, Pfaffenhausen and remnants of the former county of Marstetten in 1507, the bourgeois merchant, coal and steel entrepreneur and banker Jakob Fugger "the rich" and after him the entire family gradually rose to the nobility or to the Reichsgrafenstand on. The Fugger-Babenhausen (1803) and the Fugger von Glött (1913) were elevated to the rank of prince. In addition, three members of the House of Fugger were "von der Lilie" as Prince-Bishops of Constance and Regensburg imperial princes. Other members of the Fugger family "von der Lilie" held high and highest state and church offices. Several Fuggers made a name for themselves as art sponsors and donors. The most famous foundations are the Fugger Chapel in St. Anna's Church in Augsburg and the Fuggerei , today the oldest existing social housing estate in the world.

The Fuggers "von der Lilie" owned numerous feudal lords and estates, especially in today's Bavarian administrative district of Swabia and in the east of today's Baden-Württemberg , but also in Upper and Lower Bavaria , in Middle Franconia , in Alsace , in Tyrol and in Lower Austria .

Company history until 1657

Scrap tower on the Fuggerau , Carinthia

Not least through fictional works on the Fugger history, above all through Günter Ogger's “Buy yourself an emperor”, the economic importance of the Fugger companies after Jakob Fugger “the rich” is repeatedly falsified. His successors are portrayed as weak epigones who gradually led the company to ruin. However, such assessments do not take into account the growing endangerment of financial companies after 1540/50 due to the increasing national debt due to the mismanagement and unscrupulous business practices of the Spanish crown under Emperor Charles V and King Philip II, nor the effects of the Thirty Years War . In addition, recent research has disproved the fact that later Fuggers would not have achieved business success.

Before Jakob Fugger “the rich”, the family company was just one of many successful southern German companies of that time. Therefore, the rapid rise of the Fugger company under Jakob Fugger remained in the collective memory - between around 1487 and his death in late 1525. Between its balance sheet of 1511 and its balance sheet of 1527, the company had its capital of almost 200,000 guilders to more than 1.8 Can raise millions of guilders: This corresponded to a total profit of 800 percent or an average annual profit of 15 percent.

In 1536 the Fuggers were involved in the transport of over 4,000 slaves. A Fugger branch was established in Santo Domingo, where they were given control of the transports of enslaved people. However, the source situation is imprecise, especially with regard to the numbers of enslaved people, which is why these would have to be corrected upwards.

However, the Fugger company did not reach the high point of corporate assets under Jakob Fugger the Rich, but under his nephew and successor Anton Fugger: In 1546 the balance sheet of the family company showed a trading capital “of around 5 million guilders, the highest it has ever owned and undoubtedly also the largest that was united at one trading house at that time ”. The factories were, as is the post depots family taxis , at the nodal points of trade; Anton Fugger and Johann Baptista von Taxis were - according to Richard Ehrenberg's dictum - “chiefs of entire clans of related capitalists”. The two Catholic and loyal emperor families from the beginning of the modern era were involved in numerous joint financing transactions across Europe.

At least since 1550, Anton Fugger tried to liquidate the trade. But loans to Emperor Charles V because of the Schmalkaldic War (1546/47) and because of the prince uprising (1552) as well as more and more credit claims by the Spanish crown ensured that the Habsburgs became increasingly indebted, which also combined their repayments with ever new credit claims. "The time of the international financial crises" (Ehrenberg) began with the first Spanish national bankruptcy , including two other Spanish national bankruptcies (1575 and 1607).

After Anton Fugger's death, his nephew Hans Jakob Fugger and Anton's eldest son Markus were to run the company. But already in 1564 Hans Jakob Fugger had to leave the Fugger company due to personal insolvency. His brothers cashed out in the late 1570s. Markus (also: Marx) Fugger continued the old company as the “Marx Fugger und Gebrüder” company and made profits again since the beginning of the 1560s. The focus of this company was on mercury and cinnabar mining in Castile and silver mining in Tyrol. Around 1600, the company was also heavily involved in the international exchange and credit business. Maximilian Fugger founded a company for exports from Barchent to Spain in 1618, until the Spanish stopped importing textiles from Swabia.

Philipp Eduard Fugger

Philipp Eduard and Octavianus Secundus Fugger founded a second Fugger family company. The company "Georg Fuggerische Erben" participated in the spice trade with the Portuguese crown and worked closely with the Welsers. This company also ran credit business.

In 1647 the Fuggers ended the lease for the quarrying of mercury and cinnabar in Spain. In 1646/47 the Fugger company appeared for the last time in the directory of German merchants in the Fondaco dei Tedeschi in Venice. In 1657 Count Leopold Fugger gave the family's Tyrolean mining shares back to the Tyrolean sovereigns without compensation. The Fugger company was thus extinguished.

The total loss that the Fuggers had to accept in response to their demands from the Habsburgs by the middle of the 17th century was eight million guilders. In contrast to its most important competitors from Augsburg, the Welsern, who went bankrupt in 1603, the Fugger company never went bankrupt. And in contrast to the Welsers, the Fuggers - as the economic historian Richard Ehrenberg judged - "influenced the course of world history several times through their financial transactions".

The Fuggers spent more than 2.5 million guilders on landlords and the acquisition of their own property - especially in today's Bavarian Swabia and in Baden-Württemberg. The returns from real estate were comparatively low, but the land was safe investments with high social prestige. During the Thirty Years War, however, the Swabian property was massively devastated from 1632 and several Fugger castles were destroyed by Swedish troops. Properties in Alsace were occupied by the French.

present

Three family lines of the Fugger "von der Lilie" exist to this day: the line Fugger from Babenhausen , the line Fugger from Glött and the line Fugger from Kirchberg and to Weißenhorn . Members of these lines are represented in the Fürstlich and Graeflich Fugger Family Seniorat, which acts as a supervisory body for the Princely and Graeflich Fugger Foundations . Maria Elisabeth Countess Thun-Fugger (Maria-Elisabeth Thun and Hohenstein-Countess Fugger von Kirchberg and zu Weißenhorn) has been the senior chairwoman since 2004. The Fürst Fugger Privatbank KG in Augsburg still has its headquarters in Augsburg Fugger houses .

Fugger monuments

Glance into the Herrengasse of the Fuggerei.

The Fuggers still own the Fugger houses built by Jakob Fugger “the rich” in Augsburger Maximilianstrasse as well as castles in Oberkirchberg , Babenhausen , Kirchheim and Wellenburg . In addition to the Fuggerei , the Fugger Foundation Administration also looks after the Fugger Chapel in St. Anna and the Theklakirche in Welden , which was founded by Count Joseph Maria Fugger in 1755. The Fuggerei, the oldest existing social housing estate in the world, is the family's most famous monument. Around 150 needy, Catholic Augsburg citizens still live here in 140 apartments for an annual rent of € 0.88. In return, they say three prayers for the founders and their families once a day. To this day, the gates surrounding the Fuggerei are closed at 10:00 p.m., later admission is only possible for a fee for the porter, which is € 0.50 before midnight and € 1 after midnight. In World War II heavily damaged, the Fuggerei 1945-1973 by the Fugger foundations under the direction of then Senioratsvorsitzenden was Joseph-Ernst Fugger of Glött rebuilt.

Today, a “Fugger Tour” leads through the Fugger city of Augsburg to 15 stations at which monuments show the history of the Fugger “from the lily”.

Architectural monuments and works of art by the Fuggers can also be found in several cities and places in Europe, e.g. B. in Italy, Austria, France, Belgium and Slovakia.

Architectural monuments still in family ownership
Historic possessions
Commercial branches

Museums of the Fuggers

With the Fugger museum on the Fuggerschloss Babenhausen , the Fuggerei in Augsburg Fuggerei and the Museum in the World War bunker in the Fuggerei, the Fugger foundations operate three museums that recall the well-known to date for six and a half centuries of history of the Fugger family "of the lily". Since 2014 the Fugger and Welser Adventure Museum in the Augsburg Wieselhaus has been showing an interactive exhibition on the history of the two Augsburg trading dynasties. The Mercateum in Königsbrunn shows the historical trade routes to India, in which the Fuggers and Welsers played a central role.

The Fugger Archive

The Fugger archive in Dillingen looks after the documents of the Fugger family “von der Lilie”, the Fugger company and the Fugger foundations with the help of a full-time archivist. The oldest Fugger document dates from 1430. The archive is open for scientific and local history research by prior arrangement.

Important family members of the Fugger "von der Lilie"

The main representatives of the family were:

Jakob Fugger "the rich"

"Portrait of Jakob Fugger", Albrecht Dürer (around 1519)

Jakob Fugger (born March 6, 1459 in Augsburg, † December 30, 1525 in Augsburg), known as Jakob Fugger "the rich" (also: Jakob II. Fugger), rose to become the richest and most important merchant in the period from 1487 to around 1500, Co-mining entrepreneur and banker in Europe. He was the seventh and youngest son of Jakob Fugger the Elder. Ä. and his wife Barbara . At the age of twelve, Jakob Fugger received minor orders and a benefice , but decided early on for a commercial career and was trained in Venice from 1473 at the latest .

The family business, which had existed for decades when Jakob Fugger was born, was initially successful in the cotton and barchent trade . From around 1472 at the latest, the Jakob Fuggers family was also involved in financial transactions, and in 1478 at the latest with mining companies. Jakob Fugger became involved as a coal and steel entrepreneur from around 1480. The Fugger company grew rapidly through business with silver in Tyrol and copper in Hungary (5). Jakob Fugger's credit dealings with four popes, numerous members of the curia and the nobility, the kings of Hungary, England and Portugal and the Habsburg emperors Maximilian I and Charles V increased the political influence of the family company. Jakob Fugger determined their business policy from around 1487. From 1510 at the latest, he was running the company like a monarch. In the 15 years until his death, he multiplied the capital of the Fugger company. In 1505/06 the Fugger company took part in the first sea trade expedition of German merchants to the East Indies. In 1524 Jakob Fugger took part in one of the earliest Spanish trade expeditions to the Moluccas . Shortly before his death, Jakob Fugger paved the way for the Augsburg family company to enter mercury mining in Almadén, Spain .

Jakob Fugger reached the climax of his political importance when he submitted the voting money with which he secured the election of the Spanish King Charles I as German King and consequently as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in 1519 . The coronation of Charles V as emperor by the Pope did not officially take place until February 24, 1530. In 1521 Jakob Fugger financed the marriage of Charles' brother Ferdinand I to Anna of Bohemia and Hungary . Years later, when they married, Hungary and Bohemia fell to the Habsburgs.

In 1507 Jakob Fugger acquired the county of Kirchberg at the gates of Ulm , the dominion of Weißenhorn with the associated city as well as the dominions of Wullenstetten and Pfaffenhausen and remnants of the old county of Marstetten. In 1509 Jakob Fugger bought the Hofmark Schmiechen , in 1514 the Biberbach lordship with the Markt castle . For legal reasons, Emperor Maximilian I elevated the bourgeois merchant Jakob Fugger to the nobility in 1511 and to the imperial count in 1514 - a process that was unique in the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation .

In 1509 Jakob Fugger (with his brothers Ulrich and in the name of Georg, who died in 1506 ) donated the Fugger Chapel, the first German Renaissance building, possibly planned by Albrecht Dürer . In 1512 Jakob Fugger had the Fugger houses built on the Augsburg wine market. The Damenhof there, built in 1515, is the first secular building of the German Renaissance. On August 23, 1521, Jakob Fugger (also on behalf of his deceased brothers Ulrich and Georg) donated the Augsburg Fuggerei, which was built between 1516 and 1523 and is now the oldest social housing estate in the world. In 1517, Jakob Fugger also donated the St. Moritz preaching that still exists today .

Jakob Fugger is one of the most famous entrepreneurs in European history. Since 1967 Jakob Fugger has been honored with a marble bust in the Walhalla , the German hall of fame in Donaustauf .

Anton Fugger

Portrait of Anton Fugger;
Artist: Hans Maler zu Schwaz

After the death of Jakob Fugger “the rich”, who died childless, his nephew Anton Fugger (born June 10, 1493 in Augsburg; † September 14, 1560 in Augsburg) took over the family business. He continued the family company's mining business in Tyrol, Hungary and Spain as well as the Silesian gold mining. Under his aegis, finance became more important. The business of the Augsburg company shifted to the west. In addition to the Habsburgs Charles V and Ferdinand I, Anton Fugger also gave credit to the kings of Portugal , Denmark and England and the Grand Duke of Florence . Around 1550 he was not only a “semi-official imperial factor”, but also a pan-European banker with international interests. Under him, Barchent (a type of fabric) was exported from the Swabian Weißenhorn to the New World . In 1532 there was even a ready-to-sign colonial lease between the Spanish crown and Anton Fugger. However, it was not signed - possibly due to the failure of a colonial fleet (1533). In 1534, the Fuggers were given the privilege of minting their own coins. The company's trade relations with West Africa are known from Anton Fugger's era .

Anton Fugger faced numerous problems. The Roman Fugger factory had to be closed after the Sacco di Roma ( sack of Rome) of 1527. He canceled the copper lease in Hungary in 1545 because of falling income and not least because of the Turkish threat, because of which he had the fortress of Bibersburg in today's Slovakia expanded in 1535 . But also large loans to the Habsburgs - caused by the Schmalkaldic War of 1546/47 and the prince uprising of 1552 - as well as unauthorized loans from the Fugger factor in Antwerp increased the family company's dependence on the repayments of the Habsburgs, who dictated the conditions due to their immense debts could.

North of Augsburg acquired Anton Fugger the reigns Oberndorf (1533), Glött (1537) and Ehingen (1544) and the Kingdom of care Donauwörth (1536). Among other things, he had the nursing home in Donauwörth and the castles in Oberndorf and Glött built. In 1538 he created another large property complex with the rule of Babenhausen an der Günz (Central Swabia), where he had a castle built from 1541. In 1539 he expanded his estate to include Brandenburg and Dietenheim an der Iller . In 1546 he acquired with the county of Pfirt , the fortress Blochmont and several villages also pledged property in Alsace, which he expanded in 1557 to include the rule of Thann . In Central Swabia, the acquisitions of Markt Rettenbach and Pleß were added in 1547 . In 1551 Anton Fugger finally bought the dominions of Kirchheim an der Mindel and Eppishausen in Central Swabia as well as Niederalfingen , Stettenfels and Duttenstein in what is now Baden-Württemberg. At that time, Reichau and other properties in Central Swabia were also acquired, and in 1558 the property complex near Babenhausen was expanded to include Kettershausen and Bebenhausen. There is speculation that Fugger should have tried to establish a "Principality of Swabia", but it failed.

In 1548 Anton Fugger gave the Jakob Fugger “des Reichen” foundations a legal umbrella that has ensured their continued existence to this day. He himself founded the “Holz- und Blatternhaus -Stiftung” and the “Spitalstiftung Waltenhausen” in 1548 and the Schneidhaus Foundation in 1560 (in his will).

Anton Fugger ran the company for 35 years. In 1530 the Fuggers were raised to the status of hereditary imperial count. In the balance sheet of 1546 the Fugger company reached the highest level of its equity capital with 5 million guilders . After his death, a contemporary called Anton Fugger a “prince of the merchants”. One historian judged: "In the Fugger history, which is rich in interesting personalities, Anton Fugger is one of the two very great figures". With the death of Anton Fugger the so-called "Age of the Fugger" ( Richard Ehrenberg ) ended.

Ulrich Fugger

Ulrich I.
Georg u. Regina Imhoff
Raymund
Hans Jakob
Ulrich III.
Mark III
Hans III.
Sigmund
Jacob IV
Otto Heinrich

Ulrich Fugger (born October 9, 1441 in Augsburg, † April 15, 1510 in Augsburg) was the oldest brother of Jakob Fugger "the rich". Ulrich Fugger was largely responsible for the Europe-wide expansion of the Fugger company - among other things for the establishment of factories in Venice and Nuremberg as well as early banking and assembly business. In 1473 Ulrich Fugger initiated the business relationship between the Fugger “von der Lilie” and the House of Habsburg. In that year, Emperor Friedrich III. Ulrich Fugger and his brothers used the civil lily coat of arms . In 1486 a correspondence book of the imperial city of Augsburg mentioned the "Banck von Ulrichen Fugker" for the first time. Ulrich Fugger, together with his brothers Jakob and Georg, is the founder of the Fugger Chapel in St. Anna's Church in Augsburg and ( posthumously ) of the Fuggerei.

Georg Fugger

Georg Fugger (born May 8, 1453 in Augsburg, † March 14, 1506 in Augsburg) was the youngest of the six older brothers Jakob Fugger "the rich". As head of the trading post in Nuremberg, he brought the Fugger company into contact with the Hungarian mining industry. Georg Fugger is (posthumously) with his brothers Jakob and Georg the founder of the Fugger Chapel in the Augsburg Church of St. Anna and the Fuggerei.

Raymund Fugger

Raymund Fugger (born October 24, 1493 in Augsburg, † December 3, 1535 in Mickhausen ), a nephew of Jakob Fugger "the rich", was a son of Georg Fugger and thus the brother of Anton Fugger. He acquired the rule of Mickhausen southwest of Augsburg. The heirs sold his important collection of antiquities to the Bavarian Duke Albrecht V , who had the antiquarium of the Munich residence built for it.

Hans Jakob Fugger

Hans Jakob (also: Johann Jakob) Fugger (* December 23, 1516 in Augsburg, † July 14, 1575 in Munich ), Lord of Pfirt in Alsace and Taufkirchen, was the eldest son of Raymund Fugger. He was the first Fugger "von der Lilie" to succeed Jakob Fugger "the rich", who became insolvent. He sold his collection of 12,000 books and manuscripts to the Bavarian Duke Albrecht V. This collection forms the basis of today's Bavarian State Library . Hans Jakob Fugger became President of the Court Chamber in Munich. Because of his services to Bavaria, King Ludwig I had a monument with the larger than life bronze figure of Hans Jakob Fugger erected on what is now Augsburg's Fuggerplatz in 1857.

Ulrich (III.) Fugger

Ulrich Fugger (born April 20, 1526 in Augsburg, † June 25, 1584 in Heidelberg ) was the fourth son of Raymund Fugger. The humanist converted to the Protestant faith . In 1567 Ulrich Fugger went to Heidelberg, heavily in debt, where he sold his precious library to the Palatinate Elector Friedrich III. submitted. It was incorporated into the famous Bibliotheca Palatina , part of which has been part of the papal library since the Thirty Years War .

Mark (III.) Fugger

Markus (III.) Fugger (born February 14, 1529 in Augsburg; † April 18, 1597 in Augsburg), Lord of Oberndorf and the Wörth government, acquired the rule of Nordendorf in 1580 . Markus Fugger had Niederalfingen Castle built from 1573 to 1577. From 1582 to 1585 he had Friedrich Sustris , Hubert Gerhard and Carlo Pallago equip his burial chapel, the Andreas Chapel in the former Benedictine monastery church of St. Ulrich and Afra in Augsburg.

Hans (III.) Fugger

Hans Fugger (born September 4, 1531 in Augsburg, † April 19, 1598 in Augsburg), Lord of Kirchheim and Glött, was the second oldest son of Anton Fugger. Between 1569 and 1573 he had a group of Florentine artists around Friedrich Sustris and Carlo Pallago designed the so-called “bath rooms” - two collection rooms in the style of the late Renaissance - in the Augsburg Fugger houses. From 1578, Hans Fugger had Kirchheim Castle (Central Swabia) built. The cedar hall there - probably furnished by Friedrich Sustris, Carlo Pallago and Hubert Gerhard - is one of the most important state rooms of the Renaissance. Twenty Italian artisans are said to have worked for seven years on its wooden ceiling alone. For the Kirchheimer Schlossgarten, Hans Fugger had the Dutchman Hubert Gerhard, who trained at Giambologna , set up the Mars-Venus-Cupid Fountain (main group today in the Bavarian National Museum in Munich ), one of the first German monumental fountains in the style of Florentine Mannerism, after ten years of casting attempts . The high grave of Hans Fugger - an outstanding work of Renaissance sculpture in southern Germany - in the castle church of St. Petrus and Paulus in Kirchheim was created by Hubert Gerhard and the Innsbruck court sculptor Alexander Colin .

Sigmund Friedrich Fugger

Sigmund Friedrich Fugger (born September 4, 1542 in Augsburg; † November 5, 1600) was the eldest son of Hans Jakob Fugger. He became Prince-Bishop of Regensburg in 1598 , making him the first of a total of three Fuggers to occupy a bishopric. A memorial stone in the underground burial place in Regensburg Cathedral records his name .

Octavian Secundus Fugger

Octavian Secundus Fugger (born January 17, 1549 in Augsburg; † August 31, 1600), Lord of Kirchberg, was first the city architect and later the city administrator of Augsburg. As a city architect (an imperial city honorary position, roughly comparable to today's office of a building consultant), he presumably initiated the construction of the Augsburger Augustusbrunnen erected in 1594 , one of the earliest Mannerist monumental fountains in Germany, based on models by Hubert Gerhard. The name of the city caretaker Octavian Secundus Fugger can be found on two other monumental fountains that were later designed, the Mercury Fountain and the Hercules Fountain .

Jacob (IV.) Fugger

Baron Jakob (IV.) Fugger (born October 18, 1567 - † February 24, 1626 in Meersburg , count from 1620 ), a son of Hans (III.) Fugger, was a grandson of Anton Fugger. After studying in Ingolstadt , Rome and Alcalá de Henares , he became a priest. In 1604 Jakob Fugger was elected Prince-Bishop of Constance . He donated the silver altar in Constance Minster and had, among other things, the convent building of the Mittelzell Monastery on the island of Reichenau . Jakob Fugger was an active supporter of the Catholic League, which was founded in 1609 .

Otto Heinrich Fugger

Count Otto Heinrich (also: Ottheinrich) Fugger (* January 12, 1592; † October 12, 1644), Herr zu Mickhausen, Grönenbach and Mattsies , a nephew of Bishop Jakob (IV.) Fugger, was temporarily the highest-ranking military officer during the Thirty Years War of the emperor. The Imperial General Feldzeugmeister became governor of the imperial city of Augsburg in 1635, but was downgraded to city commander in 1636 due to complaints about his strict regiment.

Anton Ignaz Fugger

Count Anton Ignaz Fugger (born November 3, 1711 in Innsbruck ; † February 25, 1787) became canon in Cologne in 1750 , prince provost of Ellwangen in 1756 and bishop of Regensburg in 1769. He donated the silver altar in Regensburg Cathedral.

Franz Karl Josef Fugger

Count Franz Carl Josef Fugger (born July 11, 1708 in Innsbruck; † October 10, 1769 in Regensburg) was Auxiliary Bishop of the Diocese of Constance from 1756. He was the eldest brother of Bishop Anton Ignaz Fugger.

Anselm Maria Fugger

Count Anselm Maria Fugger (born July 1, 1766 in Babenhausen, † November 20, 1821 in Babenhausen, Prince from 1803), Lord of Babenhausen, Boos , Kettershausen and Heimertingen , Wellenburg and Biberbach, was the last Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation , the Habsburg Franz II , raised to the hereditary imperial prince. The dominions of Babenhausen, Boos and Kettershausen together formed the Principality of Babenhausen, which was occupied on September 15, 1806 and incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria .

Antonia Fugger

Countess Antonia Fugger von Glött (born August 21, 1799 in Unterweilbach; † February 8, 1885 in Regensburg) earned the nickname "Angel of Regensburg". The canon of St. Anna in Munich is considered to be the actual founder of the Regensburg Bishop Wittmann Home (from 1860).

Theodor Fugger

Count Theodor Fugger von Glött (* July 23, 1823 in Oberndorf, † March 11, 1850 in Landau ) was a second lieutenant in the Bavarian 2nd Artillery Regiment Zoller. The freedom fighter was convicted as a participant in the uprising in the Bavarian Rhine Palatinate in 1849 and shot dead in Landau in 1850 .

Carl Ernst Fugger

Count Carl Ernst Fugger von Glött (* July 2, 1859 in Oberndorf, † April 25, 1940 in Kirchheim, Prince from 1913) was President of the Bavarian Reich Council Chamber and played a decisive role in the proclamation of Ludwig III. to the king. He was raised to the hereditary prince status on December 30, 1913 because of his services to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

Joseph-Ernst Fugger

Joseph-Ernst Prince Fugger von Glött (born October 26, 1895 in Kirchheim, † May 13, 1981 in Miesbach ) was a member of the Kreisau Circle , which resisted the Nazi regime . After Colonel Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg's failed assassination attempt on July 20, 1944, Joseph Ernst Fürst Fugger von Glött was arrested on October 3, 1944 and sentenced by the so-called “ People's Court ” under its president Roland Freisler to three years imprisonment in Bayreuth prison. In May 1945 he was liberated by soldiers from the US Army . After the end of the Second World War, Joseph Ernst Fürst Fugger von Glött was a co-founder of the Christian Social Union ( CSU ). From 1949 to 1953 he was a member of the German Bundestag and from 1950 to 1953 a member of the Council of Europe in Strasbourg . From 1954 to 1962 Prince Fugger von Glött was a member of the Bavarian state parliament and deputy chairman of the CSU parliamentary group. Prince Fugger was awarded the Great Cross of Merit with Star of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1965.

Other personalities

The lines of the family "von der Lily"

In the 16th century the lines divided:

  • Fugger von Kirchberg and zu Weißenhorn (counts; extinct in the male line)
  • Fugger von Glött (1913 Bavarian prince; extinct in his own tribe)
  • Fugger von Babenhausen (1803 imperial prince)

In the 17th century, the Fugger lines also existed

  • Zinnenberg-Adelshofen
  • Göttersdorf
  • Sulmentingen
  • Nordendorf-Wörth
  • Boos

Today the following branches of the Fugger family still exist:

The Fuggers from "Lily" in popular culture

Numerous popular non-fiction books have appeared on the Fugger. Several historical novels also include plot elements from the life of the merchant family, more recent works are Tanja Kinkel's Die Puppenspieler , Thomas RP Mielke's Gold for the Emperor , Peter Dempf's The Fugger's Amulet , Roman Kessing's The Fugger's Spy , Rebecca Abes In the Fugger 's Labyrinth . In the novel A trillion dollars of Andreas Eschbach the family plays Fugger, especially Jakob the Rich, a role. In 1982 and 1983, the ARD broadcast the six-part television series From Loom to World Power about the rise of the Fuggers, based on Günter Ogger's book Kauf Dir eine Kaiser .

The successful business simulation Die Fugger refers to the family in its name. After the original in 1988, Die Fugger II appeared in 1996 . Not least because of a dispute over the naming rights on the part of the Fugger family, the computer game is no longer available in stores. The sequel to the game has been sold under the name The Guild since the lawsuit .

Terms such as “Fugger business” and “Fuggern” are still widespread in the southern German and Tyrolean language areas.

See also

literature

  • Stefan Grüner: With a seat and a voice. The Fuggers' acquisition of imperial status at the Augsburg Reichstag in 1582 (materials on the history of the Fuggers, vol. 9), Augsburg 2017.
  • Martin Kluger : The Fugger's bank. A brilliant chapter in European economic history . context medien und verlag, Augsburg 2011, ISBN 978-3-939645-42-9 .
  • Martin Kluger : Fugger - Italy. Business, Weddings, Knowledge and Art. Story of a fruitful relationship . context medien und verlag, Augsburg 2010, ISBN 978-3-939645-27-6 .
  • Martin Kluger : The Fuggers in Augsburg. Merchants, coal and steel entrepreneurs, bankers and donors . context medien und verlag, Augsburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-939645-63-4 .
  • Martin Kluger : The Fuggers around Augsburg, Munich and Ulm. Nobility, castles and churches . context medien und verlag, Augsburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-939645-43-6 .
  • Martin Kluger : The Fugger. The German Medici in and around Augsburg . context medien und verlag, Augsburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-939645-13-9 (out of print).
  • Hans Herzfeld (ed.): History in shapes . tape 2 : F-K. Fischer paperback, Frankfurt a. M. 1980, ISBN 3-596-24525-7 .
  • Martha Schad: The women of the Fugger family . 2nd Edition. Piper Verlag, Munich 2004, ISBN 3-492-23818-1 .
  • Otto Nübel: Pompejus Occo 1483–1537. Fugger factor in Amsterdam . tape XI . Mohr, Tübingen 1972, ISBN 3-16-833941-5 (Swabian Research Association at the Commission for Bavarian State History, Volume 15; Studies on Fugger History, Volume 24).
  • Mark Häberlein: The Fuggers. History of an Augsburg family (1367–1650) . Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-17-018472-5 .
  • Christian Meyer, Carl von Landmann:  Fugger . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, pp. 179-185.
  • Götz von Pölnitz : The Fuggers. 6th edition. Mohr, Tübingen 1999, ISBN 3-16-147013-3 .
  • Götz von Pölnitz: Anton Fugger. Mohr, Tübingen 1963–1986.
    • Volume 1: 1453-1535. 1958.
    • Volume 2: 1536-1548. Part 1: 1536-1543. 1963.
    • Volume 2: 1536-1548. Part 2: 1544-1548. 1967.
    • Volume 3: 1548-1560. Part 1: 1548-1554. 1971, ISBN 3-16-830401-8 , ISBN 3-16-830402-6 .
    • Volume 3: 1548-1560. Part 2: 1555-1560. 1986, ISBN 3-16-845112-6 .
  • Mark Häberlein: The Fuggers. History of an Augsburg family (1367–1650). Stuttgart 2006.
  • Sarah Hadry: The Fuggers in Kirchberg and Weißenhorn. Rulership constitution and serfdom, denominationalization and residence formation. Augsburg 2007.
  • Max Jansen: The beginnings of the Fugger. Leipzig 1907.
  • Peter Kalus: The Fuggers in Slovakia. Augsburg 1999.
  • Franz Karg: A city lord's profile. Jacob the Rich, the first Fugger in Weißenhorn. In: Weißenhorner Profile 1160–2010. Contributions and studies on the city's history. (Catalogs and publications of the Weißenhorn Heimatmuseum 5), Weißenhorn 2010.
  • Hermann Kellenbenz : The Fuggers in Spain and Portugal until 1560. A large company of the 16th century. (2 volumes), Munich 1990.
  • Norbert Lieb: The Fugger and art. Volume 1: In the late Gothic and early Renaissance periods. Munich 1952.
  • Götz von Pölnitz: Jakob Fugger. In: NDB, Neue Deutsche Biographie, 5th volume (1961), pp. 710-716.
  • Götz von Pölnitz: The Fuggers. Mohr & Siebeck, 6th edition, Tübingen 1999, ISBN 3-16-147013-3 .
  • Götz von Pölnitz: Jakob Fugger. Mohr & Siebeck, Tübingen 1949. GoogleBooks
  • Aloys Schulte: The Fugger in Rome 1495–1523. 2 vol., Leipzig 1904.

Web links

Commons : House of Fugger  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Richard Ehrenberg: The age of the Fugger. Money capital and credit transactions in the 16th century. Volume 1: The Money Powers of the 16th Century. Jena 1912, p. 119.
  2. ^ Hermann Kellenbenz: The Fuggers in Spain and Portugal until 1560. Vögel, Munich 1990, p. 394.
  3. ^ Richard Ehrenberg: The age of the Fugger. Money capital and credit transactions in the 16th century. Volume 1: The Money Powers of the 16th Century. Jena 1912, p. 149.
  4. ^ Richard Ehrenberg : The age of the Fugger. Money capital and credit transactions in the 16th century. 2 volumes. Fischer, Jena 1896, here: Volume I (The Money Powers of the 16th Century), page 383
  5. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz: The Fugger. Tübingen 1970, Vol. 1, pp. 466, 487, Vol. 2, pp. 142, 305, 491
  6. ^ A b c Franz Karg: The Fuggers in the 16th and 17th centuries. In: Renate Eickelmann (Ed.): Learn to strike the loud and live. The Fugger and the music - Anton Fugger on his 500th birthday. Augsburg 1993, p. 101.
  7. ^ Richard Ehrenberg: The age of the Fugger. Money capital and credit transactions in the 16th century. Volume 1: The Money Powers of the 16th Century. Jena 1912, p. 175.
  8. ^ A b Franz Karg: The Fuggers in the 16th and 17th centuries. In: Renate Eickelmann (Ed.): Learn to strike the loud and live. The Fugger and the music - Anton Fugger on his 500th birthday. Augsburg 1993, p. 100.
  9. ^ Richard Ehrenberg: The age of the Fugger. Money capital and credit transactions in the 16th century. Volume 1: The Money Powers of the 16th Century. Jena 1912, p. 186.
  10. ^ Robert Mandrou: The Fugger as landowners in Swabia. 1560-1618. Göttingen, 1998.
  11. ↑ Gerhart Nebinger, Albrecht Rieber: Genealogy of the House of Fugger from the lily. Family tables, Tübingen 1978.
  12. ↑ Peter Geffcken: Jakob Fugger's early years. In: Martin Kluger (Ed.): Jakob Fugger 1459–1525. His life in pictures. Augsburg 2009.
  13. ^ A b c d Martin Kluger: Fugger - Italy. Business, Weddings, Knowledge and Art. Story of a fruitful relationship. Augsburg, 2010.
  14. ↑ a b c d e Peter Geffcken: Jakob Fugger the Rich (1459–1525). "Kingmaker", strategist and organizer. In: DAMALS, Leinfelden-Echterdingen, 7/2004.
  15. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Mark Häberlein: The Fugger. History of an Augsburg family (1367–1650). Stuttgart 2006.
  16. ↑ a b Sarah Hadry: The Fugger in Kirchberg and white horn. System of rule and serfdom, colonization and residence formation. Augsburg 2007.
  17. ↑ Bruno Bushart: The Fugger Chapel near St. Anna in Augsburg. Munich 1994.
  18. ↑ a b Martin Kluger: The Fuggerei. A guide to the oldest social housing estate in the world. Augsburg 2009.
  19. ↑ Gernot Michael Müller (ed.): The former colonial monastery St. Moritz in Augsburg (1019–1803). Lindenberg 2006.
  20. ↑ Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz: The Fugger. Tubingen 1970.
  21. ^ Peter Kalus: The Fugger in Slovakia. Augsburg 1999.
  22. ^ A b Hermann Kellenbenz: Anton Fugger - personality and work. Augsburg 2001.
  23. ↑ stadtarchiv.augsburg.de
  24. ↑ Norbert Lieb: Octavian Secundus Fugger (1549–1600) and art. Tübingen 1980.
  25. ^ Stephanie Haberer: Ott Heinrich Fugger (1592-1644). Augsburg 2004.
  26. ↑ Franz Karg: "Dem Fuggerischen name bought". Notes on the Fugger's possession. In: Walter Pötzl (Ed.): Dominion and Politics. Augsburg 2003.
  27. ^ Franz Bauer: Regensburg. Art, culture and everyday history. Regensburg 1997.
  28. ↑ Franz Herre: The Fuggers in their time. Augsburg 1985.
  29. ↑ hdbg.de