Thann

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Thann
Coat of arms of Thann
Thann (France)
Thann
region Grand Est
Department Haut-Rhin
Arrondissement Thann-Guebwiller ( Sub-Prefecture )
Canton Cernay
Community association Thann-Cernay
Coordinates 47 ° 48 '  N , 7 ° 6'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '  N , 7 ° 6'  E
height 328-922 m
surface 12.51 km 2
Residents 7,780 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 622 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 68800
INSEE code 68334
Website http://www.ville-thann.fr/

View of the old town of Thann

Thann (Alsatian Dànn , German Thann , temporarily also Tann ) is a French city with 7780 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017) in the Haut-Rhin department in the Grand Est region (until 2015 Alsace ). The city is the seat of the sub-prefecture ( Sous- prefecture ) of the Arrondissement Thann-Guebwiller .

geography

Thann is located in the foothills of the Vosges on the Thur river , about 15 kilometers northwest of Mulhouse , in the Ballons des Vosges Regional Nature Park , at 350 m above sea level. NHN.

history

Thann, which is documented as a place of pilgrimage in the Middle Ages, was first mentioned in documents in 1290. In 1324 he came to the Habsburgs through the marriage of Duke Albrecht II of Austria to Johanna von Pfirt . In 1360 the place received city rights. The Castel Sant'Angelo above Thann was the residence of the Counts of Pfirt and later served as the residence of one of Albrecht's grandsons, Duke Leopold IV of Austria. Thann's wife, Catherine of Burgundy , used it as one of her widows' residences after 1411. Until the Thirty Years' War the city ​​was part of Upper Austria .

The early modern witch persecution raged particularly hard in Thann . In the period from 1572 to 1620 alone, almost 140 people were executed, mostly at the stake.

In 1659 the city came into the possession of Cardinal Jules Mazarin through a gift from King Louis XIV , whom the Sun King wanted to reward for his services.

The title of nobility of Count von Thann and Rosemont (French: Comte de Thann et de Rosemont ) today bears the ruling Prince of Monaco (since 2005 Prince Albert II ).

town hall
The Thur flows through Thann
View of the industrial area and the train station

In the 19th century and into the 1960s, Thann was heavily influenced by the textile industry. There was also a chemical factory to support textile production (dyeing). This plant, which still exists today, is considered the oldest chemical plant in Europe. It is also thanks to the interests of local industry that one of the first French train connections for passenger traffic from Mulhouse to Thann was opened in 1839.

In 1861 Thann had 8,854 inhabitants. In the war of 1870/71 , Thann and Alsace fell to the German Empire. Some residents left the city because they wanted to stay French.

Around 1900 Thann had a Protestant church, a Catholic church, a synagogue , a secondary school , a district court and a forest ranger's office .

During the First World War, Thann was stormed by the French as early as 1914, not without accepting considerable damage, and was considered the 'capital of liberated Alsace' for four years.

Today Thann is a service and tourist town in which viticulture also plays a not inconsiderable role. One of the most famous vineyards in Alsace , the Rangen, is located in the municipality . This location is one of a total of 50 Alsace Grand Cru locations.

Demographics

Annual population figures while belonging to the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine (1871-1919)
year population Remarks
1872 8154
1890 7425 of which 692 Protestants, 6560 Catholics, 155 Jews
1905 7901 , mostly Catholic residents
1910 7413
Number of inhabitants since the middle of the 20th century
year 1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2007
Residents 7,736 8,218 8,519 7,788 7,751 8,033 7,973

traffic

Thann station with trains of the Tram-Train and (in the middle) the SNCF

Thann has two train stations (Thann Gare since 1839 and Thann Saint-Jacques since 1863) on the Lutterbach – Kruth railway line . With the opening of the Mulhouse – Vallée de la Thur tram-train , the Thann Center station was added in 2010.

Town twinning

The tower of the Minster St. Theobald dominates the cityscape

Thann maintains the following city ​​partnerships :

Culture and sights

See also: List of Monuments historiques in Thann

View through the witch's eye, in the background the city of Thann

The Gothic Minster St. Theobald with its magnificent and well-preserved sandstone figures (Gothic archway), lead glass windows and figures of saints is one of the best examples of Upper Rhine Gothic in Alsace after the Strasbourg Cathedral. It was built from the 13th to the 15th century, the 76 m high tower was completed in 1516.

The ruins of the castle "Castel Sant'Angelo" from the 13th century (Château d'Engelbourg) can be seen above the city. Its overturned keep, which is also known as the "witch's eye" in the region, is curious.

Château de Marsilly - Institute for mentally handicapped adults in the Kattenbach district.

City wall with gates and towers - in the so-called "Hexenturm" there is a permanent exhibition of the region's winemakers, admission is free.

Sights in the area include the Staufen Cross, a monument in the shape of a Lorraine cross . It was erected in 1949 to celebrate the 300th anniversary of parts of Alsace belonging to France since 1648. The memorial hit the headlines in 1981 because it was blown up twice within six months by separatists from the Alsatian Black Wolves Battle Group (ESKW).

Thann is represented with three flowers in the Conseil national des villes et villages fleuris (“National Council of Blooming Cities and Villages”). The award is given in a regional competition, whereby a maximum of three flowers can be achieved.

  • Church of St. Pius X.

  • Protestant Church

  • Chapel of the St. Joseph Institution

Personalities

See also

literature

  • Le Patrimoine des Communes du Haut-Rhin. Flohic Editions, Volume 2, Paris 1998, ISBN 2-84234-036-1 , pp. 1278-1306.
  • Karl Scholly: The history and constitution of the Thann Canon Monastery - edited from archival sources , JHE Heitz, 1907.

Web links

Commons : Thann  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Thann in the Topographia Alsatiae (M. Merian)  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eva Bruckner: Forms of representation of power and self-portrayal of Habsburg princes in the late Middle Ages , phil. Dissertation, Vienna, 2009, p. 165
  2. ^ Wilhelm Gottlieb Soldan: Soldan's history of witch trials . tape I . Outlook, Bremen 2011, ISBN 978-3-86403-185-4 , pp. 492 ( digitized version [accessed on November 13, 2012] reprint of the original edition from 1880).
  3. ↑ a b c d M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
  4. ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 19, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 453 ( Zeno.org )
  5. ^ Complete geographic-topographical-statistical local lexicon of Alsace-Lorraine. Contains: the cities, towns, villages, castles, communities, hamlets, mines and steel works, farms, mills, ruins, mineral springs, etc. with details of the geographical location, factory, industrial and other commercial activity, the post, railway u. Telegraph stations and the like historical notes etc. Adapted from official sources by H. Rudolph. Louis Zander, Leipzig 1872, Sp. 61 ( online )
  6. ↑ Haut-Rhin, Palmarès des communes labellisées  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (French) Retrieved January 14, 2010@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.cnvvf.fr