Otto Heinrich Fugger

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Otto Heinrich Fugger, engraving by Lucas Kilian (1636)

Otto Heinrich Fugger (also Ott Heinrich or Ottheinrich ; born January 12, 1592 in Augsburg ; † October 12, 1644 ibid), Count of Kirchberg and Weißenhorn , was a Bavarian military leader in the Thirty Years War . He was the son of Christoph Fugger von Glött (1566–1615) and his wife Countess Maria zu Schwarzenberg (1572–1622) and thus a great-grandson of Anton Fugger . Otto Heinrich is the most important of the many members of the Fugger family who donated their sword and some of their property to the Catholic cause during the Thirty Years' War .

Life

Fugger began his career in Spanish military service in 1617, when he took part in the campaign of the Austro-Spanish army against Venice under the Spanish governor of Milan Don Pedro de Toledo and was appointed colonel at the siege of Vercelli . When the war broke out in Bohemia , he recruited troops for the emperor in his native Swabia, fought under Boucquoi in the battle of the White Mountain near Prague and followed him to Moravia and Hungary . After Fugger was under Caraffa's command after Boucquois's death , he commanded a force against the Hungarians under Collalto in 1623 . The following year he was sent with the auxiliary troops to the Netherlands to support Marchese Spinola in the siege of Breda in 1624/25. After the fall of this fortress, Collalto's troops were recalled to Wallenstein . Fugger then fights for him in Lower Saxony. In the years 1629 to 1631 he was with the imperial troops in northern Italy, which were called up because of the War of the Mantuan Succession War of Karl Gonzaga; After the peace agreement he moved from imperial to Bavarian service. He established new regiments for the league, at the head of which he moved to Hesse as Bavarian sergeant-general in order to separate Landgrave Wilhelm from the Union. He also succeeded in taking Fulda Abbey from the Hessians . When he was about to proceed in Hersfeld Abbey , he was assigned to Tilly to strengthen him after his lost battle at Breitenfeld (1631) . He met the general near Fritzlar . In 1632 he moved to Franconia under Tilly and took the cities of Windsheim and Rothenburg ob der Tauber , whereupon he returned to Swabia. When Aldringen received the supreme command after Tilly's death , Fugger also came under his command, but was soon appointed General Commander of Bavaria and the independent Commander of the Army Department, which was supposed to cover the Bavarian western border. He had already taken Landsberg from the Swedes when he was recalled to the Imperial Bavarian main army with 6,000 auxiliary troops. He found Wallenstein outside Nuremberg in time to be able to participate in the battle against the Swedes. While Wallenstein then advanced to Thuringia, Fugger returned to Swabia under Aldringen. In 1633 he remained under his command and took part in the campaign in Alsace against Bernhard von Weimar . Aldringen was forced to retreat into the interior of Bavaria and when he fell in the siege of Landshut in July 1634 , Fugger took his place as leader of the Army Department and the Catholic League . He took part in the battle for Regensburg in the siege of the Swedish-occupied city of Regensburg and in the piecework negotiations for the surrender of the city. When after the handover of the city and after the withdrawal of the Swedish relief army, which had drawn up to shortly before the city under Gustaf Horn and Bernhard von Sachsen-Weimar , but then had to withdraw to Swabia, he followed the Swedes to Nördlingen. Even during the siege of Nördlingen by Bavarian imperial troops, he had to hand over the supreme command to Charles of Lorraine . So he had the opportunity to distinguish himself in the following battle near Nördlingen . After the total defeat of the Swedes, Fugger was appointed imperial governor in Augsburg in 1635. Because of his intolerance, however, he could not make himself popular in this position. The dismissal of the Protestant and the reinstatement of the Catholic council, the stipulation of significant contributions and other measures, namely against the Protestant part of the citizenry, prompted them to file a complaint with the emperor. As a result, Fugger was relieved of his post, but this did not end the problems he had caused. He himself remained in command of the occupation forces.

Although not a very important general, Otto Heinrich Fugger rendered essential services to the Catholic cause; from Emperor Ferdinand III. He was therefore raised to the rank of count and the King of Spain awarded him the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1628 .

family

Fugger was married to Anna Marschall von Pappenheim (1584-1616) for the first time since 1612 . She was already a widow, her husband was Heinrich Philipp von Rechberg , but as the daughter of Alexander II von Pappenheim († 1612) she brought the market town of Grönenbach into the marriage. The marriage remained childless. In 1618, he married Freiin Maria Elisabeth von Waldburg zu Zeil (1600–1660) in his second marriage . She was the daughter of Froben von Waldburg-Zeil (1569-1614) (Reichserbtruchseß) and Anna Maria von Toerring-Jettenbach (1576-1636). The couple had the following children:

  • Bonaventura, Lord of Kirchheim and Schmiechen (born June 30, 1619, † December 13, 1693); ⚭ 1649 Freiin Claudia von Mercy (1631–1708), daughter of Franz von Mercy
  • Sebastian, Lord of Nordendorf, Wörth, Mattsies and Duttenstein (* December 7, 1620, † July 20, 1677); ⚭ 1656 Maria Claudia Hundbiss von Waltrams († 1702)
  • Maria Anna (* 1622)
  • Maria Johanna (born June 9, 1623 - † February 4, 1691)
  • Maria Elisabeth (born September 27, 1624; † 1626)
  • Maximilian († 1626)
  • Christian Froben (born August 10, 1627; † January 21, 167?); ⚭ 1660 Contesse Anna Elizabeta Pallavicini († 1683)
  • Maria Magdalena (born July 19, 1628; †?); ⚭ 1651 Count Joseph von Tauffkirchen-Guttenburg († 1697)
  • Maria Franziska (born August 12, 1629; † July 12, 1673); ⚭ 1650 Count Albrecht Fugger zu Kirchberg and Weissenhorn (* November 17, 1624; † November 10, 1692)
  • Maria Renata (born July 31, 1630 in Munich, † September 23, 1669); ⚭ 1659 Franz Ignaz von und zu Schwendi (* November 24, 1628; † May 17, 1686)
  • Johann Otto, Count of Kirchberg and Weissenhorn (born August 15, 1631, † July 26, 1687); ⚭ 1667 Freiin Klara Dorothea von Welsperg and Primör (1647–1711)
  • Heinrich (* 1632)
  • Franz Ignaz (1633-1635)
  • Otto Heinrich († 1635)
  • Ferdinand (born June 24, 1636)
  • Paul , Lord of Mickhausen and Duttenstein (born October 13, 1637, † April 27, 1701); ⚭ 1) 1666 Freiin Maria Claudia Hausmann von Namedy († August 12, 1684); ⚭ 2) 1685 Marie Anne Catherine de Saint-Germain (1651–1729)
  • Theresa († 1639)
  • Maria Anna (born October 14, 1640)

  • Anna Marschallin von Pappenheim

  • Maria Elisabeth von Waldburg

literature

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personal data
SURNAME Fugger, Otto Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Heinrich, Ott; Ottheinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian military leader in the Thirty Years War
DATE OF BIRTH January 12, 1592
PLACE OF BIRTH augsburg
DATE OF DEATH October 12, 1644
Place of death augsburg