Stenglin (noble family)

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Stenglin's coat of arms

Stenglin is the name of an originally southern German patrician family who were raised to the imperial nobility in the 16th century , came to northern Germany in the 18th century and became a Danish and Mecklenburg noble family there.

history

augsburg

Stenglin's coat of arms in the gender book of the city of Augsburg , around 1550

The Stenglin family was initially a merchant and patrician dynasty in Ulm and Kempten . The documented trunk row begins with Georg Stenglin (also: Stängel, * around 1420), a court relative in Schwabmünchen . His son Ulrich (I.) Stenglin came in 1448 to Augsburg , where his sons, the brothers Ulrich (II.), Matheus, Marx (I) and Hans Stenglin by Kaiser on September 14, 1518 Maximilian I. recognition of their old, the nobility traced back to 1354 as imperial nobility . In 1629 Daniel Stenglin, a citizen of Augsburg, obtained the Austrian freedom of aristocracy and red wax and improved the coat of arms awarded to the ancestors . The Stenglin had business relationships with Antwerp , Venice , L'Aquila , Genoa , Bozen , Lisbon , Delft , Hamburg , Vienna , Strasbourg , Frankfurt am Main and Leipzig . They carried out successful long-distance trade primarily with spices, cotton, silk and linen, but also with dye ( Brazil wood ), sugar and soap. Jeremias Jacob Stenglin († 1645) was from 1632 to 1635 the city Pfleger (mayor) in Augsburg. His cousin was Zacharias (II.) Stenglin († 1674), who was sent from the imperial city of Frankfurt as a diplomat to the Westphalian Peace Congress in 1647/48 .

Philipp Heinrich I of Stenglin, * 1688; † 1759, banker and merchant in Hamburg

Hamburg

In the 17th century, the family came to Hamburg through Marx Philipp Stenglin (1653–1737). He ran a prosperous trading company and was the owner of seven ships. His son Philip Heinrich (I.) Stenglin (born February 12, 1688 Hamburg, † October 19, 1759 ibid) generated by banking transactions, especially in the Austrian copper - bonds , an enormous fortune. He became a member of the College of the Elderly and, according to Johann Georg Büsch , was the first Hamburg citizen whose fortune amounted to a million thalers Banco when he passed away . His representative house at Neuer Wall 26–28 was built by Johannes Nicolaus Kuhn in 1722 ; The house at Neuer Wall 70-74 was also in his possession.

His son of the same name, Philipp Heinrich (II.) Stenglin (born January 1, 1718 in Hamburg; † October 17, 1793 in the Plüschow manor ), continued his father's business, which, however, suffered from the Seven Years' War . He became Danish chamberlain , was raised to the status of imperial baron by Emperor Franz I in 1759 and received the Danish aristocratic naturalization on February 1, 1765.

Philipp Heinrich's brother Daniel Stenglin (born December 25, 1735 in Hamburg; † May 23, 1801) received his doctorate in law from the University of Bützow in September 1761 , but then established himself as a businessman in Hamburg and became a Danish budget adviser in 1765. He inherited his father's widely famous art collection. The most important private collection in Hamburg was auctioned by Johannes Noodt in 1822 .

Mecklenburg

Philipp Heinrich II. Von Stenglin (1718–1793), imperial baron 1759, banker and royal Danish chamberlain , Danish nobility naturalization 1765

In 1758 Philipp Heinrich (II.) Von Stenglin acquired the Bailiwick Plüschow in the Grevesmühlen office, consisting of the goods Plüschow, Barendorf , Boienhagen , Friedrichshagen with Overhagen, Jamel , Meierstorf with Sternkrug, and Testorf . In 1763 he had a new manor house built in Plüschow as a summer residence for himself and his first wife Antoinette (1727–1768), daughter of the Hamburg mayor Conrad Wiedow. After Antoinette's death in 1769 he married Elisabeth, b. Stralendorff .

Also in 1802, Philipp Heinrich's son, Conrad Philipp Baron von Stenglin (1749-1835), sold the Bailiwick of Plüschow to the Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ludwig of Mecklenburg . The family then acquired other Mecklenburg goods such as Beckendorf (from 1815), Berendshagen (1814-1844), Hohen Luckow (1810-1829), Groß and Klein Renzow (1802-1830). The brothers Conrad Philipp auf Renzow and Hohen Luckow, ancestor of the so-called older line , and Otto Christian (1764-1851) auf Beckendorf, canon in Lübeck and ancestor of the younger line , were accepted into the Mecklenburg knighthood on November 11, 1824. The last surviving Lübeck canon after the secularization of 1803 was one of Stenglin: Karl Freiherr von Stenglin (born August 12, 1791 in Kiel; † March 15, 1871 in Geneva), the youngest with Karoline Countess Hessenstein (1804-1891) Daughter of Elector Wilhelm I of Hessen-Kassel and Karoline von Schlotheim , was married. A canvas sketch by the genre painter Caroline von der Embde. Portrait of a lady presumably depicts the native Hessenstein, married Stenglin. The picture belongs to the inventory of the mhk .

In the 19th century, several members of the family entered Mecklenburg court services and achieved high positions. Philipp Heinrich Ludwig von Stenglin (1785–1844) was chief forester of Gelbensande . Baron Adolf von Stenglin (born June 1, 1822 in Hohen Luckow; † March 28, 1900 in Meran ) and Otto Henning Freiherr von Stenglin (born February 3, 1802 in Lübeck; † June 6, 1885 in Schwerin) were court marshals in Schwerin, Christian Freiherr von Stenglin (1843–1928) was appointed Oberlandstallmeister and head of the Redefin State Stud in 1892 . His son Otto Detlev Hartwig Karl (1877–1957) continued this tradition as the state stable master and stud director in Wickrath , as did his grandson of the same name Christian von Stenglin (1914–2002) as the state stable master and manager of the Lower Saxony state stud in Celle .

In the registration book of the Dobbertin monastery there are 11 entries by daughters of the von Stenglin family from 1824–1905 from Renzow, Beckendorf and Schwerin for inclusion in the aristocratic women's monastery . Margarete Freiin von Stenglin (1875–1965) was the daughter of the chief stables master of the State Stud Redefin Christian Freiherr von Stenglin, one of the last remaining conventual women after 1945 in the Dobbertin monastery and is buried in the monastery cemetery.

Officers and artists

Grave of Captain Harald von Stenglin († 1943) in the war cemetery Hofkirchen

A number of family members embarked on an officer career in the 19th century, partly in Mecklenburg, partly in Prussian, but also in Austrian service. In the Battle of Trautenau in 1866, in which Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm Baron Stenglin fell from Archduke Karl's regiment , Stenglins faced each other on both sides. Viktor von Stenglin (1825-1897) was last until 1892 Mecklenburg lieutenant general and commandant of Schwerin. At the same time he worked as a composer.

Johann Stenglin (1715–1770), who worked in Saint Petersburg from 1745 , became a successful engraver from the Augsburg family branch . Felix von Stenglin (1860–1941) became a writer and Ernst-Hugo von Stenglin (* 1862; died in 1914 near Diksmuide ) and Hans von Stenglin (1889–1987) a painter.

Stenglin family coat of arms in Siebmacher ( Kemptische Erbare Patricii department and families )

coat of arms

Family coat of arms

The family coat of arms is divided lengthways by blue and gold, with a growing up man with a bad-assed cap and on the right gold, on the left blue clothes, in front of whose trunk two black bars cross each other. Historical depictions also show this crest between two blue and gold striped buffalo horns.

According to Stenglin's coat of arms legend, around 1360 an ancestor saved the life of Emperor Charles IV (HRR) - from the House of Luxembourg - on the boar hunt and consequently received the emperor's nobility and coat of arms. When the emperor was attacked by a wild boar, his hunting squire - the ancestor - grabbed a little tree trunk, tore it up and killed the boar with it. That is why the bars are shown in the coats of arms.

Baron coat of arms ( ex-libris for Karl von Stenglin)
Baron coat of arms in the village church of Friedrichshagen

Baron coat of arms

The baronial coat of arms from 1759 is squared with a crowned silver heart shield . There are two green laurel branches placed in the St. Andrew's cross . In the first and fourth field, split by blue and gold, a growing, forward-looking bearded man, clad in a long robe and a pointed cap of changed tinctures , bent to the right , with his hands turned in front of him, he is holding two diagonally crossed red ones that rise up over his shoulders Bars. In the second and third silver fields on a green lawn a green palm tree. Baron's crown and three crowned helmets: on the middle the two laurel branches side by side and bent outwards, on the right the man of the first and fourth, on the left the palm tree of the second and third field. The helmet covers are golden and blue on the right, silver and blue on the left. Two golden lions looking back serve as shield holders .

literature

  • Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New general German nobility lexicon. Volume 9: Steinhaus-Zwierlein, pp. 13–15
  • Gustav von Lehsten: The nobility of Mecklenburg since the constitutional hereditary comparisons (1755). Tiedemann, Rostock 1864, pp. 260f
  • Stenglin , in: Danmarks Adels Aarbog (DAA) 23 (1906), pp. 416–419 ( digitized version )
  • Thieme-Becker : General Lexicon of Fine Artists , Volume 31, Leipzig 1937, pp. 591–593 ( Conrad Stenglin , effective 1414–1439, master builder and imperial master craftsman; Emanuel Stenglin effective 1640–1660, draftsman and building surveyor in Augsburg; Ernst Hugo Freiherr von Stenglin (1862–1914), portrait and hunting painter; Esaias Stenglin (around 1670–1740), goldsmith in Augsburg; Ferdinand Stenglin (around 1710), mezzotint artist and portrait painter from Augsburg and court painter in Stuttgart; Johann Stenglin (1715–1770 ) Schabkünstler from Augsburg; Johann Balthasar Stenglin (around 1743–1826), goldsmith in Augsburg; Johann Christoph Stenglin (1707–1775), goldsmith in Augsburg; Johann Georg Stenglin (around 1741–1823), goldsmith in Augsburg; Johann Philipp Stenglin I (around 1626–1706), goldsmith in Augsburg; Johann Philipp Stenglin II (effective 1726–1735), goldsmith in Augsburg; Johann Philipp Stenglin (1726–1735), goldsmith in Augsburg; Philipp Stenglin (around 1667–1744), goldsmith in Augsburg.)
  • Helmut Seling: The Augsburg gold and silversmiths 1529–1868: masters, brands, works. 2nd edition, Munich 2007
  • Sabine Bock : Plüschow. History and architecture of a Mecklenburg estate. Thomas Helms Verlag , Schwerin 2013, ISBN 978-3-940207-60-9 .
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1919, p.950ff

Web links

Commons : Stenglin (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XIV, Volume 131 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag Limburg ad Lahn 2003, p. 91 f.
  2. See magazine of the Ferdinandeum for Tirol and Vorarlberg 3/20 (1876), p. 168
  3. ^ Johann Georg Büsch's complete writings. Volume 7, Vienna: Bauer 1816, p. 314
  4. Matthias Oesterreich: Mr. Daniel Stenglin's collection of Italian, Dutch and German paintings in Hamburg. Berlin: Birnstiel 1763 ( digitized version )
  5. ^ Thomas Ketelsen: Hamburg collections in the 18th and early 19th centuries. In: Ulrich Luckhardt (ed.): Private treasures: about collecting art in Hamburg until 1933. Hamburg: Christians 2001, pp. 22-25.
  6. ^ Sabine Bock : Plüschow. History and architecture of a Mecklenburg estate. Thomas Helms Verlag , Schwerin 2013.
  7. Landstallmeister a. D. Dr. Christian Freiherr von Stenglin passed away (PDF; 1.2 MB)
  8. Biographical Yearbook and German Nekrolog. 4 (1897) Berlin: Reimer 1900, p. 36 *
  9. Hans von Stenglin (PDF; 274 kB)