Auguste Perret
Auguste Perret (born February 12, 1874 in Ixelles / Elsene in Belgium , † February 25, 1954 in Paris ) was a French architect , building contractor and town planner . He was considered a master of reinforced concrete construction.
life and work
Perret studied between 1891 and 1901 with Julien Guadet (1834-1908) at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, he finished his training without a diploma. In addition to his studies, Perret started working in his father's construction company as early as 1894. From 1900 he began to build reinforced concrete . Le Corbusier (between 1908 and 1909), René Iché and Patroklos Karantinos worked in the office of the reinforced concrete pioneer .
From 1903 to 1904 he built the house on 25 bis, rue Franklin in Paris. In this building, the architect also had an apartment on the top floor. In 1905 he founded a construction company with his brothers Gustave and Claude. From 1906 to 1907 the garage was built in Rue Ponthieu, the structure has not been preserved. From 1911 to 1913 Perret built the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées as a modern reinforced concrete structure with a white marble facade. In Le Raincy, north of Paris, from 1922 to 1923 he built the Notre-Dame du Raincy church , a sober hall construction in exposed concrete using fewer standardized structural elements. The non- load-bearing facades are made entirely of colored, glazed concrete blocks designed by Marguerite Huré (1895–1967). In the period from 1931 to 1932, the neoclassical building of the Naval Construction Office in Paris was completed under his direction. In 1932 he moved to the upper floors of the residential building he designed at 51–55 rue Raynouard, which also housed his studio and where he lived until the end of his life. A plaque on the building reminds of him today.
From 1940 on, Perret taught at the École des Beaux-Arts. After the end of the war in 1945, Perret was the main town planner responsible for the reconstruction of Le Havre with the lighthouse-like memorial church of St. Joseph and the architect of the Tour Perret in Amiens , the first skyscraper in France, until 1954 . With a team of 60 architects, he designed wide boulevards and long street axes, which are lined by houses in tinted concrete with clear, simple ornamentation and colonnades . The building material was obtained from sand and brick rubble, which was ground separately according to color. The striking, 107-meter-high, octagonal bell tower of the Saint-Joseph du Havre church made of concrete is reminiscent of a lighthouse, and 12,700 stained glass windows illuminate the interior of the church. In 2005, UNESCO recognized his new beginning in urban development for 60,000 people as a World Heritage Site .
Perret was elected to succeed Paul Bigot in the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1943 and received the Royal Gold Medal of the Royal Institute of British Architects in 1948 and the AIA Gold Medal in 1952 .
Appreciation
Alongside Tony Garnier , Perret is one of the French pioneers of modern architecture . He gave important impulses for the development of the new building . The Prize of the Union Internationale des Architectes for architecture-related technologies is named in his honor the Auguste Perret Prize .
Quote
"Architecture is the art of organizing space."
Own writings
- Contribution to a theory de l'architecture . Wahl, Paris 1952; German: To a theory of architecture. Translated from the French by Eva-Maria Thimme. Der Beeken, Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-922993-14-1 .
- French architecture and urban development exhibition 1948/1949. Greiser, Rastatt 1948
literature
- Christian Freilang : Auguste Perret. Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich 2003, ISBN 978-3-422-06347-1
- Karla Britton: Auguste Perret. Editions Phaidon, Paris 2008, ISBN 978-0-7148-9998-5
Movie
- Perret in France and Algeria. Documentary, Germany, 2012, 110 min., Script and director: Heinz Emigholz , production: Filmgalerie 451, WDR , series: Aufbruch der Moderne, German cinema release: November 29, 2012, first broadcast: April 27, 2014 on 3sat .
- Le Havre, France - Poetry in Concrete . Documentary film from the series “ Treasures of the World ”, 14 min., Flashplayer video, portrays Perret's reconstruction of Le Havre
Web links
- Auguste Perret. In: arch INFORM .
Individual evidence
- ^ Entry in the Bibliothèque nationale de France
- ^ A b c Le Havre film text
- ^ Table of contents by 3sat.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Perret, Auguste |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 12, 1874 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Ixelles , Belgium |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 25, 1954 |
| Place of death | Paris , France |