René Iché
René Iché (born January 21, 1897 in Sallèles-d'Aude in the Aude department , † December 23, 1954 in Paris ) was a French sculptor and graphic artist .
Life
After participating in the First World War and studying law, René Iché turned to sculpture . In the 1920s he trained with Antoine Bourdelle and attended architecture classes with Auguste Perret . In 1923 he took part in the Salon des Indépendants and had his first solo exhibition in 1931 at the art dealer Léopold Zborowski , who was also the gallery owner of Amedeo Modigliani . The Musée national d'art moderne in Paris and the Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam bought sculptures from this Iché exhibition. Pablo Picasso , Guillaume Apollinaire , Max Jacob and the sculptors Ossip Zadkine and Jacques Lipchitz were among his friends.
His daughter, the later surrealist poet Laurence Iché (1921–2007), was his model from an early age .
Iché mostly worked his sculptures in granite using the technique of “ taille directe ”. His portraits of André Breton and Paul Éluard are made in the style of death masks, although they were made during the artist's lifetime. The eyes are closed, the impression of sleep, immersion and dream emerges - in this they correspond completely to the surrealist theory. The plaster reliefs from 1950 are naturalistic; especially the distinctive face of Breton is immediately recognizable. The dark material also creates a mysterious and distant impression that must have been in the spirit of Breton.
In 1937 Iché took part in the Paris World Exhibition and designed the facades of two French pavilions. His sculpture “ Guernica ”, also from 1937, which drastically shows an upright but skeletal little girl with a skull, caused a particular sensation .
In 1940 Iché joined the French Resistance . His bronze sculpture “La Déchirée - The Torn One” was brought to London and given to General de Gaulle in 1943 as a symbol of resistance . In 1948 Iché took part in the Venice Biennale . In 1953 he received the Grand Prize for Sculpture . In the same year, the Bernheim-Jeune gallery dedicated a large retrospective to him. A planned monument for Apollinaire and a monument in Auschwitz were no longer carried out because of his unexpected death. “I'm the last one of the classics,” wrote Iché about himself.
Works in museums
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Works in public space
- 1927: Monument aux morts pacifiste , monument 1914–1918 in Ouveillan
- 1932–1934: Tombe de Charloun Rieu , Paradou
- 1937: World Exhibition in Paris 1937 (Pavillons de la marine marchande, du Langedoc, de l'artisanat; exposition d'art moderne), Paris
- 1942: Jeanne d'arc , Église Sainte-Thérèse de Boulogne-Billancourt (architect: Auguste Perret )
- 1942–1946: Lutteurs à terre , Vanves
- 1942–1950: Orphée , Nogent-le-Rotrou
- 1947: Plaque à Germaine Tillion et Émilie Tillion , Saint-Maur
- 1948: Monument à la Resistance , Carcassonne
- 1948: Monument aux Otages , Puiseaux
- 1949: Tombe de Max Jacob , Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire
- 1951–1953: Palais des Arts , Narbonne
literature
- Jean Girou: Sculpteurs du Midi. Ed. Floury, Paris 1938.
- Michel Seuphor: The sculpture of our century. Dictionary of Modern Plastic. DuMont Schauberg, Cologne 1959.
- Max Hollein, Ingrid Pfeiffer: Surreal things, sculptures and objects from Dali to Man Ray. Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt; Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7757-2768-6 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean Girou: Sculpteurs du Midi. Floury, Paris 1938.
- ↑ a b c Ingrid Pfeiffer: Surreal things, sculptures and objects from Dali to Man Ray. Schirn Kunsthalle, Frankfurt, Hatje Cantz, Ostfildern 2011, ISBN 978-3-7757-2768-6 , p. 246.
Web links
- René Iché Estate official website (French)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Iché, René |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French sculptor and printmaker |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 21, 1897 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sallèles-d'Aude |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 23, 1954 |
| Place of death | Paris |