Azadirachta
| Azadirachta | ||||||||||||
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Neem tree ( Azadirachta indica ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Azadirachta | ||||||||||||
| A.Juss. |
Azadirachta is a genus of plants in the mahogany family(Meliaceae). There are only two species found in South and Southeast Asia :
description
Vegetative characteristics
Azadirachta species grow as evergreen, large trees . The hairs ( trichomes ) are simple. The buds are resinous.
The alternate arranged on the branches leaves are feathered. The crooked leaflets have a serrated edge.
Generative characteristics
The flowers stand together in lateral, paniculate inflorescences (they are thyrsenic).
The mostly hermaphrodite, rarely purely male flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused to about half of their length. The five petals are free and overlap like roof tiles. The rarely eight or usually ten stamens are fused to form a staminal tube and do not protrude above the corolla. The cylindrical staminal tube is ribbed and rarely has eight, usually ten rounded to two-part staminal lobes. The rarely eight or usually ten anthers are inserted at the base of the stinal lobes. There is a ring-shaped disc . The draft tube ovary contains two in each ovary chamber ovules . The style is thickened at the top and ends in three pointed scar branches
The stone fruit usually contains one, rarely two stone pits. The stone cores are egg-shaped with a parchment-like shell.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Azadirachta was established in 1830 by Adrien Henri Laurent de Jussieu .
The genus Azadirachta contains only two species that occur in South and Southeast Asia :
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Neem tree ( Azadirachta indica
A.Juss. ): It is grown in many tropical countries. There are two varieties:
- Azadirachta indica A.Juss. var. indica : Originally only found in Bangladesh , India and northern Myanmar .
- Azadirachta indica var. Siamensis Valeton : It occurs only in Thailand .
- Sentang ( Azadirachta excelsa (Jack) Jacobs ): It occurs in Irian Jaya , Vietnam , Kalimantan , on the Aru Islands , on Celebes , Sumatra , in Malaysia and in the Philippines .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l DJ Mabberley, 2019: Azadirachta A.Juss. In: Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. on-line.
- ↑ a b Azadirachta at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed July 28, 2019.
- ↑ a b c d e f Azadirachta in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved November 19, 2018.
- ↑ a b c d e f Azadirachta at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Adrien Henri Laurent de Jussieu: Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles et de Geologie. Deuxieme Section du Bulletin Universei des Sciences et de l'Industrie. Paris, Volume 23, 1830, p. 236 scanned into biodiversitylibrary.org .
