Azamethiphos
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| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Surname | Azamethiphos | ||||||||||||||||||
| other names |
S - {[6-chloro-2-oxo-oxazol (4,5- b ) pyridin-3 (2 H ) -yl] methyl} - O , O -dimethylthiophosphate ( IUPAC ) |
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| Molecular formula | C 9 H 10 ClN 2 O 5 PS | ||||||||||||||||||
| Brief description |
colorless solid |
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| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 324.68 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| density |
1.6 g cm −3 |
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| Melting point |
89 ° C |
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| boiling point |
decomposition |
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| solubility |
heavy in water (1.1 g l −1 at 20 ° C) |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Azamethiphos is an insecticide from the group of thiophosphoric acid esters . It is structurally and chemically closely related to the insecticide phosalone . It is used against house flies in the house and stable. It is also used to combat fish lice in salmon farms , where it is supposed to replace dichlorvos .
Mode of action
Azamethiphos inhibits the enzyme cholinesterase in the synapses of nerve cells . Thereby it prevents the transmission of nerve stimuli.
Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
Azamethiphos added to the feed is quickly and completely absorbed by mammals, but is also quickly metabolized and excreted again. The uptake through the skin is low; in rabbits, the substance was irritating to the eyes at high concentrations. While the toxicity for mammals is only low ( LD 50 for rats 1040–1180 mg · kg −1 ), Azamethiphos is poisonous for birds ( LD 50 91 mg · kg −1 for quail). In in vitro studies there were indications that Azamethiphos could have a mutagenic effect. This has not yet been confirmed in vivo ; the rapid breakdown in the organism may prevent the occurrence of mutations. According to the current state of knowledge, Azamethiphos is not carcinogenic .
use
Pest Control
Azamethiphos can be used as a spray against flies and cockroaches in warehouses. To combat the housefly , it is contained in feeding bait and as a coating on sticky traps. Azamethiphos is also contained in bait tins for use against ants and silverfish .
Veterinary medicine
Azamethiphos is used in the fattening of salmon to keep the stock free of fish lice. To do this, it must be distributed in the water as a wettable powder. Dosing is difficult because the effective concentration (0.1 mg / L ) is relatively close to the salmon harmful concentration of 0.4 mg / L. Azamethiphos should only act on the fish for a limited time, so it cannot be used if there is insufficient water exchange. The substance is hardly absorbed by the fish and does not accumulate in the food chain. Immediately after application, salmon contained about 0.01-0.02 mg azamethiphos / kg muscle tissue.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Entry on Azamethiphos. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on November 10, 2014.
- ↑ a b c d e f Entry on Azamethiphos in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 7, 2017(JavaScript required) .
- ↑ Ant bait ( Memento from August 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
- ↑ Aeroxon ant bait box .
- ↑ Veterinary Medicines Evaluation Unit of the EU, EMEA / MRL / 527/98-Final ( Memento of July 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), January 1999 (PDF, English; 49 kB).