BBÖ 214
| BBÖ 214, CFR 142, DR series 12 ÖBB 12 |
|
|---|---|
 BBÖ 214-ÖBB 12
|
|
| Numbering: | BBÖ 214.01–13 DR 12 001–013 ÖBB 12.01–13 |
| Number: | 13 |
| Manufacturer: | Floridsdorf |
| Year of construction (s): | 1928-1936 |
| Retirement: | 1961–1962 |
| Type : | 1'D2 'h2 |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 22,580 mm |
| Height: | 4650 mm |
| Width: | 3150 mm |
| Empty mass: | 107/114 t |
| Service mass: | 118 / 123.5 t |
| Service mass with tender: | 178 / 183.5 t |
| Friction mass: | 72 t |
| Wheel set mass : | 18.0 t |
| Top speed: | 110/120 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 2,162 kW |
| Starting tractive effort: | 200 kN |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1940 mm |
| Impeller diameter: | 1034 mm |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 650 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 720 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 15 bar |
| Grate area: | 4.72 m² |
| Superheater area : | 91.00 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 258 m² |
| Service weight of the tender: | 60 t |
| Water supply: | 29.5 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 8.0 tons of coal |
| Drive: | 2 cylinders of superheated steam |
| Train brake: | Compressed air |
| Control: | Heusinger with Lentz valves |
| Coupling type: | Screw coupling |
As BBÖ 214 locomotives designated were Austrian express train - steam locomotives . They were the largest steam locomotives ever built in Austria and the most powerful express locomotives with the longest connecting rods that existed in Europe at that time. To date, the 214 has the longest connecting rods in the world. During test runs, a locomotive reached a speed of 155 km / h.
history
In 1927, the board of the Austrian Federal Railways decided to temporarily stop electrification . In the course of this very controversial decision it was also decided to procure new steam locomotives for the Westbahn , which should be so powerful that they could achieve the same travel times with heavy express trains between Vienna and Salzburg as would have been possible with electric operation. Of the two prototypes 114.01 (three-cylinder engine, delivered in 1929) and 214.01 (two-cylinder engine, delivered in 1928), the 214 series was finally selected for further construction. In 1931 the Floridsdorfer Lokomotivfabrik built six locomotives, and in 1936 another six. The CFR , more precisely locomotive factory Resita or Nicolae Malaxa in Romania , acquired the license from the WLF and built 79 pieces with minor changes, which were given the series designation 142 at the CFR.
The new locomotives were used in the express train service between Vienna and Salzburg or Passau . After being taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in the wake of the annexation of Austria to the German Reich , they were designated as the class 12 and now used as far as Regensburg . After 1945 the locomotives kept the designation 12 at the ÖBB .
After the electrification of the Westbahn, this powerful type was no longer suitable for use. Some machines were transferred to the Südbahn in 1953 and used between Vienna and Villach . The different conditions, in particular the tight curve radii and steeper gradients on the Semmering , quickly became noticeable in heavy wear, so that the last journey before an express train took place as early as 1956. In the expectation of finding a buyer for these locomotives, some of which were only 20 years old, they were initially stored in boiler houses in the Vienna area. The progressive electrification of the main lines in neighboring countries made the purchase of steam express locomotives unnecessary and so the locomotives were scrapped in 1961 and 1962.
The 12.10 was the only one that survived for posterity. It was left to the Austrian Railway Museum and initially stored in a protected boiler room. In the 1970s it was erected as a memorial together with other historically significant steam locomotives (including the 310.23 ) in a locomotive park at the Technical Museum in Vienna. After the locomotive park was closed in the course of restructuring the Technical Museum, it was transferred to the Strasshof Railway Museum in Lower Austria in 1999 , where it was exhibited as an inoperable exhibit. On October 19, 2018, the locomotive was shipped to Korneuburg by heavy load. The external restoration began there, and in 2019 it was originally to be exhibited in Wiener Neustadt as part of the state exhibition. However, since the 12.10 is not a Wiener Neustadt locomotive, it was ultimately dispensed with. It was transferred to the Technical Museum in Vienna in October 2019.
In 1985 the Austrian Society for Railway History (ÖGEG) succeeded in acquiring the locomotive 142.063 from the Romanian State Railways, which was a license replica of the 214 series machines from 1939. It was adapted to the Austrian equipment and after restoration and main inspection in 1993 it was put back into operation with the (fictitious) number 12.14. It is now based in Ampflwang, but has not yet been reactivated after the boiler deadline has expired and can currently be viewed partially dismantled (as of 2019).
Preserved steam locomotives of the series in Austria
| number | Construction year | State of preservation | Owner / location | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12.10 | 1936 | inoperable | Technical Museum Vienna | Autumn 2019: restoration in progress |
| number | Construction year | State of preservation | Owner / location | |
| 12.14 | 1939 | inoperable | ÖGEG / Ampflwang | CFR number 142.063 |
At least three other copies of the Romanian series 142 have been preserved in Romania.
literature
- Adolf Giesl-Gieslingen: The 1D2 superheated steam twin express locomotive R 214 of the Austrian. Federal Railways. In: Journal of the Association of German Engineers , Volume 73, No. 13 (March 30, 1929), pp. 441–442.
- Oskar Seidl: The 1D2 triplet express locomotive of the Austrian Federal Railways. In: Journal of the Association of German Engineers , Volume 73, No. 46 (November 16, 1929), pp. 1641–1643.
- Dieter Zoubek: Preserved steam locomotives in and from Austria. Self-published, 2004, ISBN 3-200-00174-7 .
- Giesl-Gieslingen: The era after Gölsdorf. Verlag Slezak, Vienna 1981, ISBN 3-900134-37-5 , p. 204 ff.
- Giesl-Gieslingen: The Austrian 1D2 express train locomotives series 214/114 in locomotive magazine number 65/66. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, 1974.
- The locomotive magazine . 1) Issue 1/1929 2) Issue 4/1929 2) Issue 1/1932 3) Issue 3/1937.
- Altmann / Reed: Austrian 2-8-4s LOCO PROFILE No 29. 1972.
- Johann Blieberger, Josef Pospichal: Steam- powered locomotives of the Austrian State Railways from 1945, Volume 1 . bahnmedien.at , Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-9503304-8-9 .
- Martin Ortner: Express train steam locomotives of the BBÖ series 114 and 214, Volume 1: 1929 to 1945 . Railway-Media-Group, Vienna 2018, ISBN 978-3-902894-51-9 .
Web links
- Row 12 at dampflok.at
- Picture gallery at railfaneurope.net
- ÖGEG page "Lokpark Ampflwang" on 12.14 (CFR 142.063), last accessed on November 21, 2015
Individual evidence
- ↑ NÖN: Strasshof: Steam locomotive gone: Museum sauer . Article dated October 24, 2018, accessed October 24, 2018.
- ^ NÖN: Strasshof: Total chaos because of the steam locomotive . Article dated February 20, 2019, accessed February 21, 2019.
- ↑ The locomotive returns. Retrieved November 13, 2019 .