Barbarossa (ship)
 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
The Reichspostdampfer Barbarossa came into service as the second ship of the Barbarossa class for the Reichspostdampferlinien of North German Lloyd to Australia and East Asia. Ship classes are usually named after the first completed ship. Seems to be the sister ship here Frederick the Great are creating Vulkan yard to have exceeded the schedule in Szczecin; or Blohm & Voss was delayed in building the Barbarossa . The class is usually named after the Barbarossa , completed on January 3, 1897 at Blohm & Voss , less often after the Bremen built at Schichau .
Use of NDL
The Barbarossa began her maiden voyage to Australia on January 8, 1897 (a total of 12 voyages up to October 21, 1910) The first four steamers of the class ( Friedrich der Große , Barbarossa , Queen Luise and Bremen from 1896/97 onwards ) came on the imperial post steamer line to Australia ) for use. From 1900 the enlarged half-sister Großer Kurfürst was added, which was the largest ship used there until the end of its service life on this route.
A second series of four steamers of the class came into service in 1899/1900 for the Reichpostdampferlinie to East Asia, which at the time was operated not only by NDL but also by Hapag. There were King Albert and Princess Irene at the NDL and at Hapag Hamburg and Kiautschou , the latter from 1904 as Princess Alice at the NDL. There was no exchange of steamers between the post lines.
Two other very similar ships were Hapag's sister ships Moltke and Blücher, built in 1901 , which were commissioned to East Asia with a view to participating in the imperial post steamer line, but were never used there.
In the summer the Barbarossa (like all steamers of this class) was regularly used on the North Atlantic (first on May 24, 1897, last time on July 18, 1914 to New York); from September 4, 1912 also to Galveston, April 30, 1914 Baltimore (3 voyages) and other US ports were also called. In August 1914 the ship was interned in the USA. From March 1906 to November 6, 1913, the Barbarossa was used on 18 voyages on the New York - Genoa line. From 1903 to 1914, the NDL gradually used five ships of the Barbarossa class on this line .
Use USA
Confiscated by the USA in 1917, after repairing damage it entered service on August 3, 1917, soon used as the USS Mercury (ID-3012) as a troop transport and from January 1918 transported over 18,000 soldiers on seven voyages to France. On April 4, 1918, she was attacked by a German submarine. After the armistice, over 20,000 soldiers were brought back to the USA on 8 trips.
In September the Mercury retired from the US Navy and continued to be employed by the Army Transport Service. In 1920 the ship was planned for a new line of the Baltic Steamship Co. of America from New York to Gdansk , on which the former Hamburg as New Rochelle was used three times from August 5, 1920 before the line ceased operations.
As a result, the Mercury was launched in 1921 and the type ship of the Barbarossa class was canceled in 1924.
The Barbarossa steamers of the NDL / Hapag before 1914
| in service | Surname | GRT | shipyard | Status / fate |
| 11/11/1896 | Frederick the Great | 10531 | AG Vulcan Szczecin | November 11, 1896 First trip to Australia, April 4, 1897 First trip to New York, March 22, 1907 Naples- New York, June 4, 1914 Germany- Baltimore , launched in New York in 1914 / confiscated by the US Shipping Board in 1917 , USS Huron , City of Honolulu , October 12, 1922 400 nm off Los Angeles on fire and sunk |
| 3.01.1897 | Barbarossa | 10769 | Blohm & Voss AG, Hamburg | 1st trip to Australia January 8, 1897, May 24, 1897 1st trip to New York, March 16, 1906 Genoa- New York, from September 1912 Germany-Baltimore and other US ports, launched in New York in 1914 / through 1917 US Shipping Board confiscated, USS Mercury scrapped in 1924 |
| March 16, 1897 | Queen Luise | 10566 | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | March 21, 1897 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer November 17, 1897 to Australia, February 25, 1904 Genoa-New York, April 18, 1914 Germany-Baltimore, 1919 delivered to Shipping Controller, London, 1921 Omar , 1924 Edison , broken up in 1935 |
| 05/26/1897 | Bremen | 10522 11540 |
F. Schichau , Danzig | June 5, 1897 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer October 20, 1897 to Australia (16 to 1911 in total), burned out / rebuilt and extended in Hoboken on June 30, 1900, delivered to Shipping Controller, London in 1919 , ran as Constantinople for the Byron Line, 1924 King Alexander , scrapped in 1929 |
| 08/27/1899 | King Albert | 10531 | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | October 4, 1899 maiden voyage as mail steamer Hamburg - Yokohama, April 16, 1906 Genoa-New York, launched in Genoa in August 1914 / confiscated by Italy in 1915, Ferdinando Palasciano , 1923 Italia , broken up in 1926 |
| 03/12/1900 | Hamburg | 10532 | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | Hapag 1st trip to East Asia, / 1904 withdrawn from the Reichspostdampferdienst interned in New York in 1914, scrapped in1917 to the US Shipping Board, USS Powhatan , New Rochelle , Hudson , President Fillmore , 1928 |
| 04/26/1900 | Great Elector | 13183 | F. Schichau, Danzig | May 5, 1900 maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer November 7, 1900 to Australia, from April 1903 many cruises (including Orient cruises 1904 and 1909, polar cruises 1908 and 1910, West India cruise 1913 and 1914), launched in New York / 1917 Confiscated by US Shipping Controllers, USS Aeolus , City of Los Angeles , broken up in 1937 |
| September 6, 1900 | Princess Irene | 10881 | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | September 9, 1900 Maiden voyage to New York, 1st voyage as a mail steamer October 30, 1900 to East Asia, April 30, 1903 Genoa-New York, laid up in New York in 1914 / confiscated by US Shipping Controller in 1917, USS Pocahontas , again 1923 to 1932 in the service of the NDL, 1923: Bremen (III) / 1928: Karlsruhe (II) / 1932 demolition |
| December 14, 1900 |
Kiautschou from 04: Princess Alice |
10911 | AG Vulcan, Szczecin | as Kiautschou , Hapag 1st trip to East Asia, / 1904 to NDL, renamed, 22 March 1904 to New York, 1914 interned in Cebu / Philippines, 1917 to US Shipping Board, USS Princess Matoika , 1922 President Arthur , 1927 City of Honolulu , Burned out in 1930, scrapped in 1933 |
| 02/22/1902 | Moltke | 12335 | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg | Hapag March 9, 1902 maiden voyage to New York, April 3, 1906 first voyage Genoa - New York, also used for cruises, launched in Genoa in August 1914, confiscated in May 1915, renamed Pesaro , in 1919 in the service of Lloyd Sabaudo, Genoa, demolished in 1925 |
| 05/31/1902 | Blucher | 12334 | Blohm & Voss, Hamburg | Hapag June 6, 1902 Maiden voyage to New York, after a small renovation (new luxury cabins), first mission to La Plata on June 26, 1912, launched in Pernambuco on August 3, 1914, confiscated on June 1, 1917, renamed Leopoldina , February 1918 chartered to CGT, France, renamed Suffren , Genoa in1923, demolished in 1929 |
literature
- Arnold Kludas : The History of German Passenger Shipping. Volume 2: Expansion on all seas 1890 to 1900. Ernst Kabel Verlag, Hamburg 1987, ISBN 3-8225-0038-0 ( writings of the German Maritime Museum 19).
- Arnold Kludas: The ships of the North German Lloyd. Volume 1: 1857 to 1919. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1991, ISBN 3-7822-0524-3 .
- Christine Reinke-Kunze: History of the Reichs-Post-Steamers. Connection between the continents 1886–1914. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Herford 1994, ISBN 3-7822-0618-5 .
- Claus Rothe: German ocean passenger ships. 1896 to 1918 . Steiger Verlag, Moers 1986, ISBN 3-921564-80-8 .
Web links
- Photo gallery Photos of the Mercury in the Naval Historical Center