Basketball (sports equipment)
The basketball is the game apparatus of the same team sport basketball .
Almost all basketballs consist of an inflatable rubber bladder on which an adhesive layer made of natural , synthetic or artificial leather is applied. The surface is covered by a "framework" that divides the basketball into eight panels. An orange surface with black lines (the “skeleton”) is the traditional and most common color scheme.
Basketballs are mostly used for indoor use (usually with a leather surface), or for outdoor use e.g. B. Streetball (with a rubber surface or other durable material) is produced. New indoor balls need a break-in period in the beginning, during which they are worn out a little in order to be able to use them optimally in competitions or in games. Outside of the hall, however, it is not advisable to use indoor balls as they wear out quickly on asphalt and harder surfaces.
Apart from the playing field and the hoop systems, the basketball is the only object that is needed to play basketball.
history
In the first two years of basketball, panel balls were used. These panel balls were comparable to current volleyballs . From 1894 to the 1940s, laced basketballs were used in competitions and games. Here the “typical” shape of the basketball lines could already be recognized. The first balls made specifically for basketball consisted of pieces of leather sewn together with a rubber bladder inside. A fabric was later placed under the leather. A vulcanized form of basketball was invented in 1942. For many years, leather was the most common material used in basketballs. However, in the late 1990s, synthetic leather mixtures were increasingly used, which quickly found acceptance in the leagues due to their playing properties.
Shape and dimensions
Professional basketball leagues usually have strict specifications for balls that are used in official competitions. The weight, ball pressure, circumference, rebound, color and the materials used are regulated. Most leagues use similar specifications, such as the uniform ball size 7 (for men’s balls) and 6 (for women’s balls).
Plastic balls are usually used today, but leather balls are still mandatory in the NBA. At the beginning of the 2006/07 season , the NBA introduced a new microfiber ball, but due to complaints from players and coaches, the previously used leather balls were used again from January 1, 2007.
Men's
| Association | Circumference ( mm ) | Weight ( g ) | Rebound height / drop height ( mm ) | Surface material | colour | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fédération Internationale de Basketball ( FIBA ) | 749-780 | 567-650 | 1300/1800 | Natural / synthetic or artificial leather | not specified | Manufacturers approved by FIBA 1) |
| National Basketball Association ( NBA ) | 749 | 567 | 1300/1800 | Natural leather mixture | orange | Spalding |
| National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) | 749-762 | 567-624 | 1295-1422 / 1800 | Natural / synthetic or artificial leather | not specified | not specified 2) |
Ladies
| Association | Circumference ( mm ) | Weight ( g ) | Rebound height / drop height ( mm ) | Surface material | colour | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fédération Internationale de Basketball ( FIBA ) | 725-737 | 510-567 | 1300/1800 | Natural / synthetic or artificial leather | none specified | Manufacturers approved by FIBA 1) |
| Women's National Basketball Association ( WNBA ) | 724-736 | 512-568 | 1300/1800 | Natural leather mixture | Orange / white | Spalding |
| National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) | 725-737 | 510-567 | 1295-1422 / 1800 | Natural / synthetic or artificial leather | none specified | none specified 2) |
Sizes
Different sizes of the ball are used for women, men and different age groups. The common sizes are listed in the following table.
| designation | Circumference ( cm ) | Diameter ( cm ) | Weight ( g ) | use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size 1 | 41 - 44 cm | 13-14 cm | ~ 300 g | Toddlers, fun and games |
| Size 3 | 56 - 57 cm | ~ 18 cm | ~ 300 g | Children up to 8 years |
| Size 5 | 69 - 71 cm | ~ 22 cm | ~ 500 g | U10, U11 up to 11 years |
| Size 6 | 72 - 74 cm | ~ 23 cm | ~ 540 g | U14 to 14 years; official / regular size women basketball |
| Size 7 | 75 - 76 cm | ~ 24 cm | 560 - 650 g | official / regular size basketball |
Footnotes
Well-known manufacturers
Spalding
Spalding was the first to make a ball just for basketball. The company founder had the first ball manufactured for James Naismith , and Spalding has been producing basketballs ever since. The best-known ball from their product range is the official game ball of the NBA, which Spalding has been manufacturing since 1984.
In June 2006, Spalding announced that they wanted to introduce a new match ball for the beginning of the 2006/07 season. This ball consisted of a microfiber mix with humidity control, which should offer better ball handling and feel. However, there were early complaints from the players that the ball was slippery and difficult to hold and that the higher frictional force caused cuts to the players' hands. Finally, in December 2006, Commissioner of the National Basketball Association David Stern announced that the old ball would be reintroduced in 2007.
Spalding also manufactures the official match balls for the basketball league , the Austrian basketball league and the Austrian 2nd basketball league .
Spalding balls have been the official match balls of the ULEB Euroleague , the ULEB Eurocup and the Spanish basketball league ACB since the 2012/13 season .
Wilson
Wilson's most famous model is the SOLUTION series. This ball is the official NCAA ball and is used by many of their teams, as well as high school teams.
Since the 2011/12 season, Wilson has been the official outfitter of the 2nd Bundesliga .
Molten
Molten , a Japanese sporting goods manufacturer, is best known for international tournaments. The model GL6 / GL7 is the plaything of the FIBA Basketball World Cup , the European Basketball Championships , the FIBA Asia Championship , the FIBA Americas Championship , the FIBA Oceania Championship , the Olympic Games and plaything of all of FIBA Asia , FIBA Europe and FIBA Oceania discharged national Competitions.
Other manufacturers
In addition to the manufacturers mentioned above, there are a number of other sporting goods companies that produce basketballs in different sizes, quality levels and price ranges. Including Nike , Adidas , Reebok , Champion and Rawlings.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ wetpluto.com - Basketball Sizes .
- ↑ NBA riot: leathers against new plastic ball . spiegel.de. October 31, 2006. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
- ↑ 2016 Official WNBA Rule Book. Official Rules of the Women's National Basketball Association 2016. At: Women's National Basketball Association — website; New York City, NY April 19, 2016. Retrieved February 6, 2019 (page 14).
- ↑ nba.com - Rule No. 1 --- Court Dimensions - Equipment , October 17, 2006.
- ↑ nba.com - NBA Introduces New Game Ball , June 28, 2006.
- ↑ espn.com - Leather ball will return on Jan. 1 , December 12, 2006.
- ↑ schoenen-dunk.de - Spalding new BBL supplier from 2007/2008 , April 26, 2007.
- ↑ euroleague.net - Spalding becomes global provider for Euroleague Basketball , October 10, 2012.
- ↑ acb.com - El balón oficial Spalding Liga Endesa, a la venta en tres modelos , April 17, 2013
- ↑ (djl): Wilson is the new ball partner of the 2nd basketball division. On: Baskets Jena GmbH website; Jena, July 6, 2011. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
- ↑ Which basketball is the best? | POP Sports . In: POP Sports . January 25, 2013 ( pop-sports.de [accessed July 14, 2018]).
- ↑ Basketball Test 2018 | The best basketballs in comparison . In: BALL SPORTS BIBLE . April 29, 2018 ( ballsportbibel.de [accessed July 14, 2018]).