Hairy, fruity flat pea

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Hairy, fruity flat pea
Hairy fruit pea (Lathyrus hirsutus)

Hairy fruit pea ( Lathyrus hirsutus )

Systematics
Eurosiden I
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Flat peas ( Lathyrus )
Type : Hairy, fruity flat pea
Scientific name
Lathyrus hirsutus
L.

The Lathyrus hirsutus ( Lathyrus hirsutus ), and Hairy pea called, is a species of the genus Platt peas ( Lathyrus ) in the subfamily Schmetterlingsblütler (Faboideae). It is widespread from Europe to the Middle East.

description

Stipules
Zygomorphic flower
Stamen groove and style
Legume

Appearance and leaf

The hairy fruit pea is an annual or annual wintering herbaceous plant . The bare or scattered ciliate stem is 30 to 100 cm long, usually knotty from the base, ascending, upright or climbing and with the mostly narrow wings about 2 to 4 mm wide.

The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf stalks are more narrowly winged, about 1 to 2 cm long and only 1/8 to 1/3 times as long as the leaflets. The foliage leaves usually have a strong, three- to multi-part tendril , with a short awn on the lower leaves. The leaflets always grow in pairs, are lanceolate to elliptical, about 1.5 to 6 cm long and 3 to 15 mm wide. They are pointed or rounded and pointed, with stretched nerve-forming network nerves, are usually bald and of a fresh or bluish-green color. The stipules are half as long to about as long as the petiole and narrow half-arrow-shaped.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering period extends from June to August. The racemose inflorescences are 1.5 to 3 times as long as the leaves, one to three-flowered and have strong, angularly furrowed axes ending in a short awn. The flowers are 1 to 1.5 cm long and sit on 3 to 5 mm long stems in the axilla of short, subtle, permanent bracts. The calyx teeth are broadly lanceolate and about as long as the tube. The crown is usually blue-violet, rarely pink or white; when it wilts it turns blue. The flag is veined darker and much longer than the lighter wings and the whitish boat .

Fruit and seeds

The legumes are linear and often slightly curved, about 3 to 5 cm long and 6 to 10 mm wide. They are densely covered with long, light hairs sitting on knots. Ripe they turn brown and often bald. They contain five to six seeds.

The seeds are spherical, warty-rough and gray-brown in color.

Chromosome set

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Distribution and location requirements

The hairy, fruity flat pea is widespread in the Mediterranean , England, Belgium, east to Ukraine , Crimea , Transcaucasia and the Middle East. In Central Europe it occurs only naturalized or adventively , rarely and inconsistently.

The hairy, fruity flat pea is like other butterflies u. a. carried away with south and south-east European grain and vetch seeds. Lathyrus hirsutus was occasionally known to Bauhin in the Upper Rhine Valley as early as the early 17th century. However, it seems to have been introduced in most parts of Central Europe only after 1830, so it can be counted among the neophytes.

It occurs only sporadically in the Central European lowlands ; in the low mountain ranges with calcareous rock it is very rare, especially in locations with a mild climate . The hairy, fruity flat pea occurs rarely and inconsistently in Germany, especially in the central and southwestern region. Lathyrus hirsutus is found in Bavaria, especially in the northern part, rarely and scattered and often adventurous. There it grows in grain fields, vetch fields, fallow land, on fields, in hedges, quarries. It prefers calcareous soil. In terms of plant sociology, it is a character species of the Caucalo-Adonidetum (Association Caucalidion) in Central Europe; supraregional it is a secalietalia-order character, which also occurs in warmth-loving fringe societies.

The hairy, fruity flat pea thrives best on calcareous and not too nutrient-poor sand or sandy loam soils . In Central Europe it populates grain fields, wastelands and fallow land.

Hazard / protection

Hazard in Germany: Category 2 (highly endangered). The IUCN classifies this species as Least Concern (low endangered) for the entire range due to its further distribution and the fact that it occurs in protected areas .

literature

  • Gustav Hegi, H. Gams, H. Marzell: Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . 2nd Edition. Volume IV. Part 3: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (5) (Leguminosae - Tropaeolaceae) . Carl Hanser and Paul Parey, Munich and Berlin / Hamburg 1964, ISBN 3-489-70020-1 (unchanged reprint from 1923-1924 with addendum).
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lathyrus hirsutus L., Hairy flat pea. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  619 .
  3. ↑ a b c Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  4. ↑ Lathyrus hirsutus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: A. Groom, 2010. Retrieved May 16, 2014.

Web links

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