Mountain park
A mountain park uses the natural slope of a hill or mountain to create a garden. The most common architectural motif is a long line of sight that leads from the valley to the mountain peak and is often adorned with a striking cascade .
history
A mountain park is a special form of garden art . During the Renaissance , the slopes of Italian villas were included in the structure of the parks and gardens and adorned with terraces , open staircases and often with waterfalls .
The largest mountain parks were created in the Baroque period ; Although the first French baroque gardens were still calculated purely for distance view and depth, the concept of height and width of such a mountain park did not contradict the understanding of the absolute princes and mountains were consciously integrated, if they existed.
Mountain parks emerged as a special form of palace parks and these often monumental gardens were usually opposed by an equally powerful palace .
Even the landscape gardens of classicism integrated hills and mountains into their natural-appearing terrain.
The advancing industrialization in the times of Romanticism and Historicism led to a large number of small mountain parks. There were various causes. a. in the scarcity of soil, in new techniques for irrigation, in the importation of exotic new garden plants and in the need for representation of the rising middle classes. With regard to the size comparisons of the systems, as everywhere in art, even small pictures or poems under 100 lines can be beautiful.
Famous mountain parks
- Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe (2.4 km²), Kassel in Hesse
- Palace of Caserta (1.2 km²) in Italy
- Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau (8.3 km²) in the Lausitz (partial park )
- Linderhof Palace (0.58 km²), Upper Bavaria
- Bergpark Eppstein (0.1 km²), Eppstein im Taunus, Hesse
- Lousberg in Aachen
- Viktoriapark (10.4 ha), Berlin