Burbach mountain area
The Burbach mining district was an administrative district of the Siegen Mining Authority, which was dissolved in 1861, in the southern Siegerland . The area was administered from Burbach and existed until 1944 before it was merged with Siegen II .
expansion
The Burbach mountain district had an area of 121.5 km² and comprised the old Burbach office including the Neunkirchen office incorporated in 1844 . The area corresponds to today's municipalities of Burbach and Neunkirchen as well as the Wilnsdorf district of Wilden , which belonged to the Neunkirchen or Burbach office until 1895 and then came to the Wilnsdorf office .
history
One of the first mentioned mines and at the same time one of the larger ones in the area is the Bautenberg mine in Wilden in 1461. Mainly iron ore deposits were mined there. The copper mining got its meaning in other corners. Already before 1730 people were digging for copper in the Struthüttener Kunstertal , the Art Pit used wheel art to penetrate deeper depths and to get to the coveted metal. From the 19th century, iron ore was increasingly mined there.
Around 1700 mines such as Green Hope , Hoffnungsstern and Kupferkaute were built in Buchhellertal near Burbach , which initially mainly mined lead and only later switched to copper when large amounts of copper were found around 1840. Within a few years dozens of unions and well-known mines such as Peterszeche , Mückenwiese , Burg and Crone were formed . In 1865, under the leadership of the Peterszeche, a consolidation of Hoffnungsstern , Viktorsfeld , Kupferkaute , Grüne Hoffnung , Mückenwiese and Crone was formed , but the boom in Buchhellertal stopped at the end of the 19th century, and the Peterszeche was the last mine to be closed in 1917.
The old mining village of Salchendorf was particularly rich in the early 20th century. Large mines such as Pfannenberger Einigkeit and Heinrichsglück produced hundreds of thousands of tons of iron ore. The oldest mention of a pit by name took place in 1732. With the Wodanstolln an inheritance tunnel was built that connected the Heidenberg and Rennseifen pits . With the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine , the last mine in the Burbach mining district and at the same time the last in the old district of Siegen , closed in 1962 .
Until it was dissolved in 1861, the mining area was under the control of the Siegen Mining Authority. In 1886 there were 373 mines in operation in the district.
Pits
The largest and most productive mine in the area was the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine in Salchendorf . Here is a selection of the larger or more important pits in the Burbach mountain area:
pit | District | Conjecture | Shutdown | Depth (in meters) | Special |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bautenberg | Wilnsdorf - Wild | 1461 | 1942-03-31 | 1025.2 | |
Great Castle Pit | Neunkirchen - Altenseelbach | 1838-08-29 | 1959 | 895 | Composite pit |
Green hope | Burbach | before 1720 | 1882 | 143 | Copper mining |
Heinrichsglück | Neunkirchen-Salchendorf | around 1840 | around 1900 | 791 | |
art | Neunkirchen- Struthütten | before 1730 | 1925-09-25 | 600 | Copper mining |
Lohmannsfeld | Neunkirchen-Altenseelbach | around 1700 | 1948 | 780 | |
Ludwigseck | Neunkirchen-Salchendorf | 1839-01-24 | 1922-03-30 | 260 | |
Peterszeche | Burbach | 1850 | 1917 | 440 | Copper mining |
Pfannenberger unity | Neunkirchen-Salchendorf | 1810 | 1962-06-30 | 1338 | at times deepest pit in Europe |
Steel soaps | Neunkirchen-Salchendorf | 18th century | 1935-01-31 | 596 | |
Steimel | Neunkirchen | before 1812 | 1928-11-22 | 627.3 | Composite pit |
Viktorsfeld | Burbach | 1712 | 1862 | 95 | Copper mining |
The centers in the mountain area were Salchendorf, in which approx. 45 mines were active, and the Buchhellertal , southwest of Burbach , in which approx. 20 mines were active.
See also
literature
- T. Hundt, G. Gerlach, F. Roth, W. Schmidt: Description of the mountain areas Siegen I, Siegen II, Burbach & Müsen ; Bonn 1887
- Pieler: Mining in the Burbach mountain district , 1874 (manuscript)
- Ute Bosbach, Achim Heinz, Wolfgang Stössel: Searching for traces in Eisenland. Out and about on ore roads and miner's trails . Amadeusmedien, Betzdorf 2006, ISBN 3-9808936-8-5 .
Web links
- Gerd Bäumer: Ore mining in the Siegerland area ( Memento from November 7, 2001 in the Internet Archive )