Salchendorf (Neunkirchen)

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Salchendorf
Neunkirchen municipality
Coordinates: 50 ° 47 ′ 42 "  N , 8 ° 0 ′ 54"  E
Height : 288  (270-340)  m
Area : 10.33 km²
Residents : 3270  (December 31, 2014)
Population density : 317 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1969
Postal code : 57290
Area code : 02735
map
Location of the place Salchendorf within the municipality of Neunkirchen.

Salchendorf is a district of the municipality of Neunkirchen in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district with 3,270 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2014) and the second largest district of the municipality after Neunkirchen.

geography

Salchendorf seen from the memorial.

Salchendorf is located in the southern Siegerland between Neunkirchen and Wilnsdorf in the Rothaargebirge at an altitude of approx. 270 to 280  m . Mostly located in the Wildebachtal , the approx. 3 km long Arbachtal branches off in the middle of the village , which is built on approx. 1 km in length. A second side valley is the approximately 2.3 km long undeveloped Gutenbachtal at the eastern end. The Wildebach flows through the village coming from Wilden and flows into the Heller in Neunkirchen; The Gutenbach at the beginning of the village and the Arbach in the middle of the village flow into it in Salchendorf . The highest mountain is the Pfannenberg at 499.2  m , the top of which is already in the Siegen city ​​area. Other mountains are among others

Neighboring places

Salchendorf's neighboring towns are Brachbach and Mudersbach in the northwest, Eiserfeld in the north, Eisern and Rinsdorf in the northeast, Wilden in the east, Zeppenfeld and Gilsbach in the south and Neunkirchen in the southwest.

history

View from Hardtwald to Salchendorf in 1910. Left (out of focus) the Freier Grunder Eisenwerke , in front Wildener Straße .

Today's settlement of the core town and the surrounding farms and settlements "Rudersdorf" and "Reinartzdorf" began between 800 and 950, while the farm "Zabach" (or "Zobach") was only settled between 950 and 1050. The settlement "Reinartzdorf" (or "Reynartzdorff") was at the mouth of the Gutenbach, east of what was then Salchendorfer town center, "Rudersdorf" was in the upper Gutenbach valley.

The place Salchendorf was first mentioned on May 3, 1316. In this document, nobleman Johannes von Wildenburg accepts the knight Christian von Selebach ( Altenseelbach ) as a vassal and assigns him income from goods from Salchendorf and other localities. On August 15, 1326 goods were named in "Reynartzdorff". In 1499 the settlement "Zobach", which was located near the cupboards, was mentioned. However, this had already disappeared before 1600, as it is no longer shown on an old map. Today a field name still reminds of the courtyard.

On September 29, 1752, a fire disaster almost completely destroyed the place, 41 houses burned down, only a few remained. According to tradition, a journeyman carpenter started the fire after the row with his master. Salchendorf had even more misfortune. In July 1753 there was another fire. But it should only have been two houses that were destroyed. The events of 1752 were to be repeated as early as 1761. On September 26th, 27 residential buildings and the associated outbuildings burned down.

According to the district name, the first Salchendorfer hut was on the Arbach. It was shut down as early as 1700. In 1716 the "Beelenhütte" was first mentioned. This was built on Wildebach, which resulted in advantages over the first hut, the existing water could be used and the transport routes were shorter. Steam engines were used for the first time in 1854 and 1867, and operations ceased in 1873/74. Around 360–370 wagons of pig iron are said to have been processed in the smelter each year. From 1925 the "Freie Grunder Eisenwerke" were located on the site, and in the 1970s it was bought by the SSI Schäfer company .

The men's choir was founded in 1848. In 1858 the newly built road to Wilden was inaugurated. From 1884 various associations were founded: August 26, 1884 - CVJM; 1888 - Volunteer Fire Brigade; 1895 - DRK women's association; April 1896 - gymnastics club.

Water tunnel in the Gutenbachtal, former tunnel of the
Rausche pit

In 1910 the last thatched roof in Salchendorf was replaced. In 1925 the community of Salchendorf lived from iron ore mining and ore processing. Of the 1,623 inhabitants, 1,423 were Protestant, 10 Catholic and 90 of other denominations. There was an elementary school, a police force and a savings and loan association. In the 1950s there was a shortage of water in the Siegerland. In 1961, the former tunnel of the Rausche mine in the upper Gutenbachtal, which was closed in 1900, was therefore prepared for the drinking water storage facility. In 1963, another waterworks followed on the southern foothills of the Pfannenberg to supply Salchendorf.

In 1961 a third pastor's position was set up in the Protestant parish of Neunkirchen and a pastor was placed in Salchendorf. In 1970 the church of the "Salvation Church Salchendorf", renovated in 1987, followed. In the 1970s, the foothills of the Rassberg were designated as a building area and developed on both sides (Zeppenfeld and Salchendorf).

Until 1844 Salchendorf belonged to the Neunkirchen office . This was dissolved and incorporated into the Burbach office. Due to a change in the law , Salchendorf, Amt Burbach (official name) were incorporated into the new large community of Neunkirchen on January 1, 1969, and the Amt Burbach was dissolved. Today Salchendorf is a large district of Neunkirchen, the self-proclaimed industrial community in the country, most of the jobs in the community are located here (Neunkirchen total: approx. 7,500 jobs with approx. 15,000 inhabitants).

Population numbers

Population of the place:

year Residents
1810 489
1818 481
1850 637
1867 719
1885 986
1895 1082
1905 1422
1910 1552
year Residents
1913 1494
1925 1623
1933 1611
1939 1568
1950 2160
1961 2386
1967 3195
1985 3449
year Residents
1994 3529
2000 3665
2004 3580
2009 3410
2011 3300
2014 3270

Note: Population figures from 1994 on December 31; 2000 in October.

House numbers

year 1600 1698 1700 1704 1706 1725 1730 1788 1810 1846 1850 1867 1913
Houses 43 51 64 64 58 60 60 71 71 85 84 109 256

Mining

A monument to mining in the village stands at the entrance to the village from Wilden.
Remnants of mining, probably from the
Rennseifen mine .

The mining village of Salchendorf was a rich community, especially in the 19th and 20th centuries until the regional reform in 1969. First mentions in mining go back to 1732, the last mine closed in 1962 as the last in the old district of Siegen.

In addition to mining , smelting played an economic role in the place. But despite the healthier work in the processing plants and smelters, the miners' professions were more respected and “popular”. In the 19th century, around 50 mines of economic importance were active in the Neunkirchen community area . There were hundreds of small, mostly insignificant pits, including about 40 tunnel mines in the Salchendorf area.

During the First World War , as a result of the lack of raw materials, old heaps were dug up and removed in the forests around the site. One wanted to extract the last remnants of iron stone, as the old, primitive manufacturing methods for iron extraction left behind many ore remnants.

Pits

The more important, well-known or larger were:

pit Conjecture Shutdown Specialty
Arbach Unity (to Pfannenberger Unity) 1807 1901 (1936) Total depth: 290 m (550 m until 1936)
Gleiskude (to Young Lion) 1780 around 1880
Heidenberg (on steel soaps) before 1732 1920
Heinrichsglück (to steel soaps) around 1840 around 1900 (1935) Total depth: 791 m
Young lion 1839 around 1880
Ludwigseck 1839-01-24 1922-03-30 Total depth: 260 m
Supreme Woodpecker (to Steimel) 1814 1868 Gallery: 315 m
Pfannenberger unity 1810 1962-04-18 Total depth: 1,338 m
Racing soaps before 1732 1920
Steel soaps (to Heinrichsglück) 1750 1931-01-31 Total depth: 596 m
Steimel , only partly in the local area before 1812 1935-12-31 Total depth: 627.3 m
Wodanstolln 1732 1910 Total length: 1,500 m

Note: pits with shaft operation are marked in bold; Date refers to first mention or speculation, dismantling possible beforehand!

Active pits in 1812 and 1872

Here are the active mines in 1812 and 1872 according to Alfred Henrichs from Aus Salchendorf's past :

1812

  • Arbach
  • beech
  • Heidenberg
  • Hinterste Kreuzbach
  • Compass
  • Ox studs
  • Pfannenberger unity
  • Racing soaps
  • Schottel & Streitberg (depth: approx. 160 m)
  • Pupil
  • Spor
  • Steel soaps
  • Steimel
  • Foremost Kreuzbach
  • Wilder Streitberg
  • Wodan (Fe)

1872

  • Apollo (freedom)
  • Arbach
  • Archfather † around 1895
  • Owl † around 1910
  • Friedrich Wilhelm
  • Heidenberg
  • Heidenstock
  • Heinrichsglück
  • Hevatha
  • High Wilhelmine
  • dog
  • Cherry tree
  • Kreuzbach
  • Ludwigseck
  • New miners' luck
  • Ox and Streitberg
  • Pfannenberger unity
  • Rush † around 1900
  • Racing soaps
  • Beef
  • Snake
  • Steel soaps
  • Steimel
  • Eagle owl
  • Wilhelmshöhe
  • Wodan (Fe)

In addition to those listed, there were other pits :

  • Harold (degradation of Fe, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ag)
  • Roars
  • The End
  • Stumps

Pits with shaft operation

The remains of the
Heinrichsglück mine
The little train was a narrow-gauge railway between the Bautenberg mine and Neunkirchen, now a cycling and hiking trail.
The second headframe (built in 1898) of the old shaft of the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine now stands as an observation tower on the Pfannenberg . The picture shows the first scaffolding.

The six largest pits, the pits with shaft operation, are listed here in more detail. If you take it exactly, there were only five pits, because the Steimel pit was on the border with Neunkirchen and only partly in Salchendorf.

Arbach unity

The Arbacher Einigkeit mine was located on the Pfannenberg below the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine . At first it was one of the best pits in the free ground . In the 1860s, mining began at greater depths, even before a real shaft was dug in 1873. The ore was removed through a 500 m long tunnel . Around 1900 the mine was shut down and became the property of the neighboring mine. Shortly before the First World War , a corridor in the direction of Arbacher Einigkeit was laid on the 450 m level in Pfannenberg . Later a blind shaft was sunk at 550 m in the pit. Through the passage it was possible to convey the excavated rock via the existing systems on the Pfannenberg. In 1936, the dismantling work in the Arbach mine field ended.

Heinrichsglück

The Heinrichsglück mine was one of the five pits with shaft operations in the local area. It lay in a small side valley in the upper Gutenbach valley . Ore is mined here for the first time around 1840. In 1879 a shaft was sunk which reached a depth of 275 m. The total depth of the pit was 791 m. In 1897, the Ruhr concern Phoenix bought the Heinrichsglück and Stahlseifen mines and turned them into the Heinrichsglück trade union . The mine was shut down around 1900.

Ludwigseck

The Ludwigseck mine was set up on January 24, 1839 to extract iron stone, lead , silver and copper ore . From 1853 zinc blende was also promoted. Around 1910 the processing plant of the mine burned down completely, which drove the already damaged mine to ruin, in 1913 the production was stopped and bankruptcy was declared. The shaft of the pit was 260 m deep .

Pfannenberger unity

The Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine was at times the deepest mine in Europe with a total depth of 1,338 m and was closed in 1962 as one of the last large mines in the Siegerland . 8.5 million tons of iron ore were extracted.

Steel soaps

The Stahlseifen mine was on the road connecting Salchendorf and Wilden. Ore was mined from the 18th century. In 1873 a shaft is sunk. Its depth reaches 596 m. In 1897, the Ruhr concern Phoenix bought the Heinrichsglück and Stahlseifen mines and turned them into the Heinrichsglück trade union . It was shut down on January 31, 1935. The site of the pit is now incorrectly called "Heinrichsglück".

Steimel

The Steimel mine , from 1895 Free Grunder Mining Association , was north of the village on the border between Salchendorf and Neunkirchen. Eight shafts or pits were part of it, two of them on the Salchendorfer side. Most were closed with the main mine on December 31, 1931. Today the Steimel is a popular destination. There is a restaurant at the top.

Transport and infrastructure

Industry

Railway tracks in Salchendorf, the administration of SSI Schäfer in the back left, the tracks going to the right run towards Pfannenberg .

The community of Neunkirchen and Salchendorf in particular have always had more jobs than employees. By 1962 over 300 miners were employed on the "Pfannenberg", in good times around 1000. Since 1962 the company located there and others in the valley have provided many jobs, not only for Neunkirchen people.

Companies

Resident companies include:

Free Grunder Eisenwerke / SSI Schäfer

The outdoor Grunder Ironworks was one of the most important companies in the town. It has been a great employer since 1925 . Further processing of the iron ore extracted from the pits was the main task. The Beelenhütte was built on the site in 1716 and put into operation with the old hut pond that still exists today.

In 1937 Fritz Schäfer founded Fritz Schäfer GmbH in a garage with the production of all kinds of sheet metal goods. In 1948 he relocated his company to the "Dorfwiese" on the grounds of the Freie Grunder Eisenwerke . Today SSI Schäfer GmbH is a modern company with locations around the world.

A relic from the time of iron smelting in Salchendorf is the hut pond , which used to belong to the hut and is now used by the local fishing club.

traffic

First passenger train in Salchendorfer Bahnhof on May 1, 1908

Salchendorf is located on the connecting road between Neunkirchen and Eiserfeld , in the center of the village there is another road to Wilden or Wilnsdorf and the federal motorway 45 (Sauerland line), which has been used to reach the place since the 1970s.

VWS takes over the bus traffic with the lines R15 (Neunkirchen - Wilnsdorf), R22 (Neunkirchen - Eiserfeld) and L230 (local line: Rassberg - Neunkirchen - old people's home).

The Freie Grunder Railway was a railway company that existed from 1904 to 1970. It connected the places in Freie Grund from Herdorf to Unterwilden with the railway. Stops in Salchendorf were the train station, the Stahlseifen mine and a connecting route to the Pfannenberger Einigkeit mine. Today the Hessische Landesbahn operates the line RB 96 on the Hellertalbahn between Betzdorf and Dillenburg . Salchendorf is connected to it via the Herdorf train station, as its own is no longer served.

media

Radio reception in southern Siegerland is characterized by local and national radio, with Radio Siegen having the most listeners. In addition to the North Rhine-Westphalian radio stations of WDR and 1 Live , the Hessian FFH and the Rhineland-Palatinate stations RPR 1 and those of the SWR can also be received.

In addition to the Siegener Zeitung , the Westfalenpost and the Westfälische Rundschau are also offered as local newspapers . DSL has been available in Salchendorf since spring 2007 .

Attractions

King or Shepherd oak

The Wodanstolln show mine is regularly open to visitors. The tunnel was built in 1732 and connected the Heidenberg and Rennseifen pits . It served as an hereditary tunnel and until 1910 for ore mining. From 1995 the local history association converted the gallery into a show mine, and it has been used that way since 1997. The 1.5 km long tunnel is accessible for 600 m. The colliery was rebuilt true to the original.

The Salchendorf village smithy mainly shows blacksmith and mining tools that are also in use during the regular tours. The building was erected in 1933, renovated by the Salchendorfer Heimatverein and given its current purpose in 1993 years later.

The Salchendorfer Heimathaus Haus Henrichs comes from Emmerichenhain and was bought by Johann Georg Henrich (* 1719) after the village fire in September 1752. It was rebuilt in 1755 on the foundations of the burned down house, which had to be expanded. In the gable hangs a slate with the initials JGH and the year 1755. In 2001 the local history association was able to purchase the house. The house was renovated in over 5000 working hours and inaugurated on May 8, 2004. There should be space in the house for documents and objects relating to the village's history.

The royal oak in the Hofstätter Forest is at least 300 years old and has a trunk circumference of 5.25 m.

The memorial in Salchendorf consists of a hall of fame with a cenotaph and was inaugurated on September 2, 1923 by the then mayor Albert Heinze (1860–1947). On stone slabs on the wall are the names from the First World War, on a metal cube in the middle of the hall are the names of the fallen and missing from the Second World War.

School and free time

The family pool Freier Grund

Salchendorf has its own elementary school and kindergarten. The family pool Freier Grund with indoor and outdoor pools is located below the Rassberg and is open continuously (outdoor pool only in summer). Not far from there is the sports field with courtyard, next door a tennis club founded in 1971 and a mini golf course. The sports field was extensively modernized in 2007 and received artificial turf and a running track.

Until 2008, the Easter bonfire took place every year on Holy Saturday at the square of the fishing club . In 2009 it was the first time in the old village of the place. Before that there is an Easter run that leads from Salchendorf to Wilden . In addition, on April 30th and May 1st there will be a tent for dancing in May on a square at the end of the village in the direction of Wilde. On April 20, 2008, the sixth Unimog meeting took place in Salchendorf near the swimming pool.

politics

Former mayor of the Salchendorf community

  • Alfred Hoffmann (1906–1995), also mayor for many years

Sons and daughters of the place

  • Arnold Krumm-Heller (1876-1949); Adventurer, doctor and occultist
  • Karl Roth (1902–1980), entrepreneur, local politician (FDP) and honorary district administrator

literature

  • Alfred Henrichs: From Salchendorf's past. A contribution to the economic history of our village. Braun printing house, Neunkirchen 1966.
  • Neunkirchen (Altenseelbach, Neunkirchen, Salchendorf, Struthuetten, Wiederstein, Zeppenfeld) in old pictures. Otto Braun, Neunkirchen 1981.
  • 700 years of Neunkirchen. 1288-1988. Otto Braun, Neunkirchen 1988.
  • 700 years of Salchendorf in the Freie Grund

Web links

Commons : Salchendorf  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dieter Pfau: Traces of time in Siegerland and Wittgenstein. Early and High Middle Ages 750–1250. Publishing house for regional history, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-89534-861-7 .
  2. ^ Friedrich Philippi (Ed.): Siegener Urkundenbuch. Volume 1: Until 1350. Kogler, Siegen, 1887, p. 88, no. 141.
  3. ^ Friedrich Philippi (Ed.): Siegener Urkundenbuch. Volume 1: Until 1350. Kogler, Siegen, 1887, pp. 210-212, no. 168a.
  4. The Zeppenfelder Hütte ( Memento from February 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  5. a b genealogy.net: Office Burbach
  6. Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 72 .
  7. 700 years of Neunkirchen. Otto Braun, Neunkirchen 1988.
  8. Otto Schaefer: The district of Siegen. Wins 1968.
  9. a b c d e f g h i j E. Weidenbach: History of the County of Sayn and the components of the same , print E. Weidenbach, Dillenburg 1874, p. 287.
  10. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Publishing house of the Royal Statistical Bureau, Berlin 1887, ZDB -ID 1458761-0 , p. 112/113.
  11. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Publishing house of the Royal Statistical Bureau, Berlin 1897, pp. 114/115.
  12. gemeindeververzeichnis.de: District of Siegen
  13. a b Heinrich Gamann: history of free reason , printing of the West German Publishing Company, Neunkirchen 1925, p. 6
  14. a b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. City and district of Siegen. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  15. Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 244 .
  16. Rolf Betz: Neunkirchen ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lwl.org archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 7.3 MB) , approx. 1995
  17. ^ Community information Neunkirchen ( Memento from March 6, 2001 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ^ Municipality of Neunkirchen in Siegerland: Citizens' Information Figures / Data / Facts ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.findcity.de
  19. neunkirchen-siegerland.de: population data ( Memento of 31 August 2007 at the Internet Archive )
  20. a b neunkirchen-siegerland.de: facts and figures
  21. The village blacksmith on siwikultur.de
  22. neunkirchen-siegerland.de: Dorfschmiede Salchendorf
  23. ^ Info booklet "Haus Henrichs - The Salchendorfer Heimathaus" of the Salchendorfer Heimatverein
  24. neunkirchen-siegerland.de: House Henrichs Salchendorf
  25. denkmalprojekt.org: Salchendorf b. Neunkirchen, Siegen-Wittgenstein district, North Rhine-Westphalia ( Memento of the original from June 20, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.denkmalprojekt.org
  26. An honorable memory of the dead. In: Siegerland home calendar. 71st edition, 1996, ZDB -ID 529717-5 , p. 43.