Bonebach (Werre)
| Wiggenbach / Berlebecke / Bonebach | ||
.jpg) The Bonebach still as a Berlebecke near the upper mill |
||
| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 4612 and 46124 | |
| location | North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | |
| River system | Weser | |
| Drain over | Werre → Weser → North Sea | |
| source | Am Oberen Langenberg 51 ° 52 ′ 1 ″ N , 8 ° 53 ′ 27 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 325 m above sea level NN | |
| muzzle | In Detmold in the Werre Coordinates: 51 ° 56 ′ 52 ″ N , 8 ° 51 ′ 15 ″ E 51 ° 56 ′ 52 ″ N , 8 ° 51 ′ 15 ″ E |
|
| Mouth height | approx. 123 m above sea level NN | |
| Height difference | approx. 202 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 17 ‰ | |
| length | 12 km | |
| Catchment area | 47.121 km² | |
The Bonebach is a 12 km long orographically left tributary of the Werre in East Westphalia-Lippe . It rises as Wiggenbach , is called Berlebecke in the middle course and bone stream in the lower course . The river belongs to the river system of the Weser .
geography
course
_und_Wiggenbach.JPG&filetimestamp=20070414183254&)
_und_Wiembecke.JPG)
Wiggenbach
The Wiggenbach rises on the northern flank of the Upper Langenberg ( 418 m ) at an altitude of about 325 m above sea level. NN . The origin is in the immediate vicinity of the Weser-Ems watershed . It flows through the Wiggengrund in a north-westerly direction. After 2 km of the river, the stream reaches the Berlebeck springs. From the inflow with the watercourse coming from there to about 227 m above sea level. The brook Berlebecke is called NN . The mean bed slope for this section is 49 ‰. Large parts of the river section fall dry most of the year and only carry water after heavy rainfall. The river often only carries water a few hundred meters above the Berlebeck springs.
Berlebecke
The river flows through a narrow valley in a northerly direction, in which cascading steps have been created to reduce the flow speed. The Berlebecke reaches the Detmold district of Berlebeck and after a few kilometers further river section Heiligenkirchen. The Wiembecke joins here on the right. This 12 km long tributary is significantly longer at its confluence with the Berlebecke than the Berlebecke including the Wiggenbach. A little further north, the Silberbach flows into the Berlebecke on the left. From the Obere Mühle on the southern outskirts of Detmold, the river is known as the Bonebach.
Bone Bach
At the “Upper Mill”, a weir interrupts the passage of the water. Here water is branched off from the brook that feeds the Friedrichsthal Canal . The Bonebach itself flows a few hundred meters below the weir to the north, but then "turns" west to flow through the western districts of Detmold and in the industrial area Detmold-West at 123 m above sea level. NN to flow into the Werre .
River length
According to the information provided by the State Surveyor's Office in North Rhine-Westphalia, the total length of the river is 18.2 km, with the lower course from Heiligenkirchen being referred to as Wiembecke. In the German basic map and in linguistic usage, however, the lower reaches up to the upper mill are referred to as Berlebecke and below it as Bonebach. The length of the Wiggenbach-Berlebecke / Bonebach river is 12 km. The lower reaches from the confluence of the Berlebecke and Wiembecke has a length of 6.3 km, so that the Wiembecke has a length of 11.9 km and the upper reaches of the Berlebecke including Wiggenbach a length of 5.7 km, whereby the length of the Wiggenbach is 2.0 km.
Tributaries
In the following the tributaries of the Bonebach are listed, viewed downstream.
- Stembergbach - 0.7 km long, right tributary at 188 m above sea level. NN
- Wiembecke - 11.8 km long right tributary at 158 m above sea level. NN
- Silberbach - 2.2 km long, left tributary at 156 m above sea level. NN
- Rautenbergbach - 2.1 km long, left tributary at 153 m above sea level. NN
- Grüttenbach - 1.7 km long, left tributary at 148 m above sea level. NN
- Vietbergbach - 1.1 km long, left tributary at 123 m above sea level. NN
history
→ Main article: Friedrichsthal Canal
As early as 1701, the Berlebecke was dammed in the area of the later Upper Mill and one of 3 locks was built under the supervision of the Dutchman Hinrich Kock. The water level at that time was between 3.80 and 4.00 m. When the canal navigation was discontinued in 1748, a mill, the Obere Mühle, was built in the lock in 1752, thus finding a new use for the old lock, which could be preserved. The water of the Berlebecke drove three mill wheels . In addition, the weir on the upper water above the mill was built during this period. A second bridge with three segment arches was built in front of an existing vault bridge. The actual weir originally consisted of ten pillars made of sandstone between which the height-adjustable wooden panels were embedded. The mill was in operation until 1958, was shut down and ten years later it was converted into a restaurant. At the upper mill, part of its water is taken from the bones stream. Before the renovation of the area along the Friedrichsthal Canal, the Bonebach was dammed by another barrage directly below the weir at the Upper Mühle, and part of its water was channeled through the wall running parallel to the Bonebach on the right and fed to the Friedrichstal Canal , which connects the castle in the center of the old town of Detmold with the “New Palace” and the Friedrichstaler facilities. In the course of the redesign of the Friedrichsthaler facilities in 2008, a pond was created near the upper mill, which is fed with the water from the Bonebach. The water flowing out of the pond now feeds the Friedrichsthal Canal. In addition, a large fish ladder was laid out and behind the former weir a bottom slide was created that "defused" the old weir.
Flood
In addition to the flood of the century in 1946, which caused enormous damage to rivers and streams throughout north-west Germany, a flood in 1998 caused great damage in the catchment area of the Upper Werre, including the Bonebach. The greatest damage was recorded in the Detmold industrial area west, at the mouth of the Bonebach. When the water level in the Bonebach rises by 4, the creek embanked massively and flooded the basements of numerous companies and residential buildings as well as a transformer house , which led to a power outage. One factor that increased the flooding was the orthogonal impact of the water from the Bone Bach on the Werre, which has a lower gradient than the Bone Bach. As a result, the Werre flooded back, which increased the flooding. As a consequence of this and some weaker later floods, the Bonebach was relocated for the last 100 meters in such a way that it no longer "shoots" sideways into the Werre and now pulls the water of the Werre with it, similar to the principle of a water jet pump. In addition, a large pumping station with two screw pumps was built a few hundred meters above the mouth , which keeps the lower-lying parts of the industrial area dry during floods and pumps the water back into the river bed of the Bonebach.
environment
Water quality
The upper course of the Berlebecke to above Heiligenkirchen represents the cleanest course of the river in Lippe and is assigned to water quality class I (2003) and I-II (2008). From Heiligenkirchen to the confluence with the Werre, the water quality deteriorates to grade II.
Muschelkalk areas form the water landscape of the Bonebach and its tributaries. Neighboring communities are the city of Detmold and Horn-Bad Meinberg , if you include the Wiembecke.
The Werre-Wasserverband operates a gauge on the Bonebach whose data can be accessed online.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Topographic map 1: 25,000
- ↑ a b Topographical Information Management, Cologne District Government, Department GEObasis NRW ( Notes )
- ↑ Water quality map district Lippe 2003
- ↑ Water quality map district Lippe 2008
_und_Wiggenbach.JPG&filetimestamp=20070414183254){kind=link}
