Betti Nikolaevna Glan

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Betti Nikolaevna Glan , born Betti Naumowna Mandelzwaig , ( Russian Бетти Николаевна Глан , maiden name Russian Бэтти Наумовна Мандельцвайг * December 25, 1903 . Jul / 7. January  1904 . Greg in Kiev , † 1992 in Moscow ) was a Ukrainian - Russian Culture politician .

Life

Betti Mandelzwaig came from an educated Jewish family. She was into music and did well in school, but with her family name she was disadvantaged. At the age of 13-14 she was acquainted with the young Grigory Mikhailovich Kosinzew , who told her about a book about Captain Glan and suggested the name to her as a pseudonym . She then decided to take Glan as her family name. In high school she befriended Bolsheviks and chaired the students' revolutionary committee. As she later told, she and two comrades fled from the white Poles to Odessa .

Glan worked as a secretary in the Political Department of the Red Army's 14th Army . There she met Anatoly Wassiljewitsch Lunacharsky , who sent her to Moscow to study. She graduated from the French Department of Advanced Foreign Language Courses in 1922 and then graduated from the Faculty of Social Sciences of Moscow University (MGU) in 1925. In 1924 she became a member of the CPSU . She was secretary of the French department of the Comintern . In 1925 she became the secretary in charge of the Russian youth department of the Comintern. She married the Yugoslav revolutionary Milan Gorkić .

In 1927, Glan became a member of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU for the introduction of city holidays. In 1929 she became vice director and in 1930 director and artistic director of the Moscow Central Maxim Gorky Park for Culture and Recreation . She organized the park design with the Stenberg brothers , El Lissitzky , Konstantin Stepanowitsch Melnikow , Alexander Wassiljewitsch Vlasow , Iwan Wladislawowitsch Scholtowski , Miliza Iwanowna Prokhorowa and Michail Petrowitsch Korschew . When Alexei Antonowitsch Ilyushin suggested building a paraboloid of miracles in which people could experience curvilinear movements, she had the construction engineer AJ Epstein build such a 10 m wide paraboloid made of wood with a conical roof and a vertical axis of rotation for 10 people, which was carried out in the summer of 1934 opened at 18 revs / min and existed for 4 years. In 1935 she became a member of the Moscow City Soviet .

In 1937 Glan was arrested after her husband for Trotskyism and, after prolonged pre-trial detention in Butyrka and Taganka prison , was exiled. Nikita Sergejewitsch Khrushchev mentioned in his memoir that he knew Glan and that she had assured him of her innocence during a visit to the Butyrka with the Moscow NKVD boss Stanislaw Franzewitsch Redens . In 1954 she was released from exile. In 1955 he was rehabilitated and re-admitted to the CPSU.

Glan now worked as assistant to the Secretary General of the Union of Composers of the USSR (1955-1958). She was vice-chairman of the Council for Mass Performances at the All-Russian Theater Society (WTO). In 1964 she was honored as Merited Cultural Worker of the RSFSR . In 1970, the Lenin anniversary year, she was the winner of the All-Russian Theater Festival. In 1988 she published her memoir.

Glan was on Moscow's Donskoy cemetery near the tomb of the intelligence officer Conon Trofimovich Molody buried.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Ustnaja Istorija: Глан Бетти Николаевна (accessed April 4, 2019).
  2. ↑ a b c d Наталия Фалькон: Как 26-летняя девчонка 90 лет назад создала парк Горького (accessed April 4, 2019).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Новое Донское кладбище: ГЛАН Бетти Николаевна (accessed April 4, 2019).
  4. ↑ a b c d Moscow Tombs: ГЛАН Бетти Николаевна (accessed April 4, 2019).
  5. ↑ А.Н. Богданов: Динамика Ильюшина: параболоид чудес, снарядное изобилие, долгоживущие ракеты . In: Gazeta Moskovsky University . No. 4 , 2008 ( msu.ru [accessed April 4, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Tschudinowa XP : Памяти невернувшихся товарищей . In: … Иметь силу помнить. Рассказы тех, кто прошёл ад репрессий . Московский рабочий, Moscow 1991, ISBN 5-239-01273-3 , p. 5–40 ( sakharov-center.ru [accessed April 5, 2019]).
  7. ↑ Betti Glan: Праздник всегда с нами . Союз театральных деятелей, 1988.
personal data
SURNAME Glan, Betti Nikolaevna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mandelzwaig, Betti Naumowna (maiden name); Глан, Бетти Николаевна (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ukrainian-Russian cultural politician
DATE OF BIRTH January 7, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiev
DATE OF DEATH 1992
Place of death Moscow