Bitter herb summer arum

Bitter herb summer arum
	Bitterwort summer root ( Orobanche picridis )
Systematics
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Summer root family (Orobanchaceae)
Tribe :	Orobanchaceae
Genre :	Sommerwurzen ( Orobanche )
Type :	Bitter herb summer arum
Scientific name
	Orobanche picridis
	FW Schulz

The Bitter Herb broomrape ( Orobanche picridis ) is a plant from the genus of orobanche ( Orobanche ) in the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae).

Description and ecology

The bitter herb summer root is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 40 (60) centimeters. It is a full parasites (holoparasites) formed on the ordinary bitter herbs ( Picris hieracioides or) small-headed Pippau ( Crepis capillaris ) parasitized . It does not form its own chlorophyll and does not photosynthesize .

The flowering period begins at the end of May and lasts until July, the fruit clusters can be seen until autumn. The unbranched stem is yellowish brown, often tinged with purple. The bracts are longer than the corolla.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . The halves of the calyx are incised in two teeth up to the middle. The corolla is yellowish white and veined violet. The scar is reddish purple or purple in color.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.

Orobanche picridis on a campsite on the Dordogne

Occurrence and endangerment

The distribution area of this species includes Morocco, Algeria, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, the former Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, European Russia, Belarus, Turkey, Israel, Jordan and the Caucasus region. The main distribution of the bitter herb summer root is Western Europe . It thrives in dry grassland on dry, calcareous and moderately nutrient-rich soils , mainly in grass -rich ruderal vegetation. It thrives in Central Europe in societies of the Arrhenatherion or Dauco-Melilotion associations. It is considered to be endangered in Baden-Württemberg (RL2).

Taxonomy

The first description of Orobanche picridis was in 1830 by Friedrich Wilhelm Schultz .

literature

Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold , Georg Philippi , Arno Wörz: The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, Volume 5, ISBN 3-8001-3342-3 .
Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen , Siegmund Seybold : Flora of Germany and neighboring countries , 93rd edition, Quelle & Meyer Verlag GmbH & Co., Wiebelsheim 2003, ISBN 3-494-01413-2 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 867 .
^ Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 28, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Bitterkraut-Sommerwurz ( Orobanche picridis ) - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Orobanche picridis FW Schultz, bitter herb summer root. In: FloraWeb.de.

[Oberdorfer2001-1] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 867 .

[GRIN-2] Orobanche in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 28, 2018.