Boaventura (Liurai)

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Dom Boaventura, Liurai of Manufahi

Dom Boaventura da Costa Souto Maior († 1913 in Atauro , uncertain) was Liurai (traditional, Timorese ruler) of Manufahi in what was then Portuguese Timor .

From 1895 to 1900 Boaventura fought alongside his father Dom Duarte in the Manufahi War against the Portuguese colonial rulers. After the defeat of Manufahi, Dom Duarte abdicated as Liurai in favor of his son. Boaventura rose again against the Portuguese at the end of 1911 and led with the Manufahi rebellion one of the largest uprisings in Portuguese colonial history . She was put down in 1912 and Boaventura was deported to the island of Atauro , where there are no more reports about him after 1913, which is why it is assumed that he died in captivity that year. Oral tradition says that Boaventura, the leader of the Manufahi rebellion (1911–1912), is buried at the gate of the Santa Cruz cemetery.

Boaventura became a central symbol of heroic national history. Queen Maria de Manufahi, Boaventura's widow, had been a member of FRETILIN since 1974 and supported the independence of East Timor. During the crisis in East Timor in 1999 , the inhabitants hoped for protection from the marauding pro-Indonesian militias by the spirit of Boaventura . The renegade Alfredo Reinado (1968–2008) saw himself in the Boaventura tradition, to whose home Manufahi he maintained friendly contacts. When he escaped from Australian soldiers from Same in 2007, the spirit of Boaventura helped him to make himself invisible, says Reinado. In a ceremony he was proclaimed the reincarnation of the Liurai of Manufahi by local traditional guides. When assassination attempt on the East Timorese governance in 2008 he finally died.

Memorial coin from 2012
Dom Boaventura Park in Dai-Sua

The Ordem de Dom Boaventura , one of East Timor's highest honors, was named after the Liurai . The sponsors include Marí Alkatiri , José Ramos-Horta and Nicolau Lobato . The private university of Dili (UNDIL) is financed by the Dom Boaventura Foundation and in Same there is the radio station Boaventura 1912 . In 2012, a 100 centavo commemorative coin with the image of Boaventura was issued to mark the anniversary of the rebellion. The integration monument in Jardim 5 de Maio is located near the Australian embassy in Dili and was erected by Indonesia as a symbol against Portuguese colonialism. It is supposed to represent Boaventura. A statue of Liurai can also be seen in Dom Boaventura Park in Dai-Sua .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manuel Azancot de Menezes: As Revoltas de Manufahi em Timor-Leste , August 30, 2018 , accessed on August 30, 2018.
  2. ↑ History of Timor - Technical University of Lisbon ( Memento of the original from March 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 824 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pascal.iseg.utl.pt
  3. ↑ CAVR report from 2005: Part 3: The History of the Conflict (PDF; 1.4 MB)
  4. ↑ Monika Schlicher: Portugal in East Timor. A critical study of the Portuguese colonial history in East Timor 1850 to 1912 , p. 269, Abera, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-931567-08-7 , (Abera Network Asia-Pacific 4), (also: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 1994).
  5. ↑ a b c d Maj Nygaard-Christensen: The rebel and the diplomat - Revolutionary spirits, sacred legitimation and democracy in Timor-Leste . In: Bubandt, Nils, van Beer, Martijn (Eds.): Varieties of Secularism in Asia: Anthropological Explorations of Religions, Politics and the Spiritual . Routledge 2011.
  6. ^ The Canberra Times, March 17, 2008, Steven Sengstock: Reinado to live on as vivid figure in Timor folklore
  7. ↑ Henri Myrttinen: Angry young men - post-conflict peace-building and its malcontents. Notes from Timor Leste , available through Watch Indonesia!
  8. ↑ FRETILIN blog, May 23, 2007, Mari Alkatiri receives Timor-Leste's highest award
  9. ↑ Ediplomat. Archived from the original on July 31, 2012 ; accessed on January 8, 2016 .
  10. ^ Oecusse Tourism ( Memento from May 18, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Boaventura
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Costa Sottomayor, Boaventura da (full name); Costa Souto Maior, Boaventura da (alternative spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Rebel in Portuguese Timor
DATE OF BIRTH 19th century
PLACE OF BIRTH Portuguese Timor
DATE OF DEATH around 1913
Place of death uncertain: Atauro , Portuguese Timor