Boris Evsejewitsch Chertok

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Boris Chertok in October 2011

Boris Evseevich Tschertok ( Russian Борис Евсеевич Черток , scientific transliteration Boris Evseevič Čertok ; born March 1, 1912 in Łódź , † December 14, 2011 in Moscow ) was a Soviet rocket designer and space pioneer with an important role in the history of space travel .

Life

Tschertok was born in 1912 to Russian parents in the Polish part of the Russian Empire . The family fled to Moscow in 1914 during the First World War . In 1929, Chertok finished middle school and unsuccessfully applied to the electrical engineering faculty of the Moscow technical college . He then worked as an electrician in aircraft factory No. 22 in Fili , where he was elected to the Komsomol management after two years . There he was responsible for the electronic equipment of the first Soviet all-metal large aircraft ANT-4 and ANT-6 . In 1935 he was the head of a design department and played a key role in the development of on-board electronics for the DB-A bomber , with which Sigismund Lewanewski attempted a long-haul flight over the Arctic to the USA in 1937. The company failed and the plane with the six-person crew remained missing to this day. Tschertok first came into contact with rockets when he was working on an ignition and control system for the propulsion of the BI-1 rocket aircraft . In April 1945 Tschertok was sent to Germany to scout out German missile technology. There he came into contact with Sergei Koroljow for the first time in Bleicherode and in August he was assigned to his office OKB-1 , where he was particularly responsible for the control of the missiles. He stayed in Germany until January 1947. Then he was relocated to the space complex under construction in Kapustin Yar . From 1956 to 1992 he was deputy chief designer of Korolyov's design office or his successor.

Chertok played a key role in Soviet space travel, including working on the control system for the first R-7 ICBM , the first manned Vostok rocket and the Soyuz rocket. He also worked on the KORD engine control system for the heavy Soviet N-1 launch vehicle in the Soviet manned lunar program .

Boris Chertok died on December 14, 2011 at the age of 99 in Moscow.

Awards and honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Gagarin's flight began in Bleicherode. Elbe-Dnjepr-Verlag, Klitzschen 2005, ISBN 3-933395-71-2 .
  • Missiles and people - German missiles in Soviet hands. Elbe-Dnjepr-Verlag, Klitzschen 1998, ISBN 3-933395-00-3 .
  • Missiles and people - Korolyov's victory. Elbe-Dnjepr-Verlag, Klitzschen 2000, ISBN 3-933395-01-1 .
  • Missiles and People - Hot Cold War Days. Elbe-Dnjepr-Verlag, Klitzschen 2001, ISBN 3-933395-02-X .
  • Rockets and People - The Hunt for the Moon. Elbe-Dnjepr-Verlag, Klitzschen 2001, ISBN 3-933395-04-6 .

The four autobiographical books Rockets and People , which give in-depth insights into the history of rocket construction in the USSR, are offered by NASA for free download in the English language version:

Web links

Commons : Boris Chertok  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jurij Salnikow: Lost in the Arctic . Elbe-Dnjepr, Klitzschen 2012, ISBN 978-3-940541-38-3 , p. 5 (preface by Boris Tschertok).
  2. ↑ Dennis Hevesi: Boris Chertok, Engineer With Russian Space Program, Dies at 99 . nytimes.com December 15, 2011, accessed August 24, 2016.
  3. ↑ Boris Tschertok in the Great Russian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 14, 2018 (Russian).
  4. ↑ Order of the President of the Russian Federation of August 26, 1996 No. 1261. Retrieved June 14, 2018 (Russian).
personal data
SURNAME Tschertok, Boris Evsejewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Черток, Борис Евсеевич; Čertok, Boris Evseevič; Chertok, Boris Evseevich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet rocket designer and space pioneer
DATE OF BIRTH March 1, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Łódź
DATE OF DEATH December 14, 2011
Place of death Moscow