Borough President
Borough President (German about district president or city district president , informally BP , colloquially also Beep ) is an electoral office in each of the five boroughs of New York City , which are also counties . The district presidents are now of little importance in local government in New York City and are more of a ceremonial representative of their respective boroughs.
The municipal president advised the Mayor ( Mayor ) in all its districts matters relating to serve their neighborhood as an advocate in the annual municipal budget debate, appoint community boards , sit Borough boards and serve as ex-officio -members in the various bodies and committees. They typically advocate their districts in mayoral elections, city government issues, New York state government, public corporations, and private corporations.
Reasons for establishment
Until January 1, 1898, the city was synonymous with New York County , which then included Manhattan and the Bronx . On that day the boroughs of Brooklyn , Queens , Manhattan, the Bronx and Richmond on ( Staten Island ) were formed. Brooklyn was congruent with Kings County, the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx with New York County, and the Borough of Richmond with Richmond County. Queens County were the boroughs of Queens along with what is now known as Nassau County. Most districts took over the functions of the counties, but did not replace them.
The office of Borough President was due to the charter of 1898 with the founding of the city New York City set up (later a writer wrote) "local pride and affection for the old churches" ( "local pride and affection for the old municipalities ” ).
On January 1, 1899, Queens County was split up. The easternmost parts, with an area of 280 km², became Nassau County .
On April 19, 1912, the New York State Legislature separated County Bronx (self-employment began in January 1914) from New York County, which was now also considered the Borough of Manhattan.
role
In order to balance the interests of the local authorities and the centralized city government, the office of Borough President was created, with the functional administrative task of voting on the New York City Board of Estimate , which is responsible for assisting in the control of the city budget Land Use Rights, which was contract and franchise forces. The Board of Estimate consisted of the Mayor, Comptroller, and City Council President , each elected citywide and representing two votes, and the five Borough Presidents, each with one vote.
In 1989 the United States Supreme Court stated in the Board of Estimate of City of New York vs. Morris (489 US 688) ruled the New York City Board of Estimate unconstitutional on the grounds that the City of New York City did not give the most populous borough (Brooklyn) more effective representation on the Board of Estimate than the borough with the fewest residents (Staten Island ), whereby this order is an unconstitutional violation of the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution on the protection of equality, the Equal Protection Clause , after the "one man, one vote" decision ( also known as the Reynolds vs. Sims decision ) of the Supreme Court of 1964.
As a result, the city law was revised in 1990 and the Board of Estimate abolished. The offices of the Borough Presidents were retained with greatly reduced tasks. The Mayor and the New York City Council again decided on the borough budget. A borough president only has a small amount of discretion to raise budgets for projects within the community. The Borough Presidents' last prerogative to appoint a member of the New York City Board of Education was abolished by its board on June 30, 2002.
The last two major remaining tasks occupies Borough President as a member of the City Planning Commission ( City Planning Commission ) and member of the committee for education policy ( Panel Educational Policy ) true. Borough Presidents generally took on specific projects to assist with during their tenure, but since 1990 Borough Presidents have been seen essentially as the ceremonial heads of their boroughs. They officially advise the mayor on issues related to their borough.
Borough Presidents are elected for four years and can serve a maximum of three consecutive terms (12 years). A term limit applies.
Since 2014 the Borough Presidents are:
| Borough | President | Political party |
|---|---|---|
| Bronx | Rubén Díaz | Democrats |
| Brooklyn | Eric Adams | Democrats |
| Manhattan | Gale Brewer | Democrats |
| Queens | Melinda Katz | Democrats |
| Staten Island | James Oddo | republican |
Borough Boards
Each borough has a parish council ( Borough boards ), consisting of the Borough President, the members of the City Council ( City Council ) of the community, and the chairman of each community board of the corresponding Community Districts . The Borough Boards meet monthly to meet the needs of the local population. They can decide on public hearings, inquiries about public service performance, and recommendations on urban land use and sales within the community.
Community boards
New York City is divided into 59 administrative units, so-called community districts , each of which is served by a community board called a community council. Community boards are community bodies that act as representatives and advocates for residents of New York City and its boroughs. Each board of directors has up to 50 voting members, half of whom are elected every year for two years with no term limit. In addition, all members of the City Council are ex officio board members and can participate in all of the board's activities. However, city council members have no voting rights on the board. In many places, the community boards have proven to be ineffective communication aids due to the tiny budgets and archaic technology. As a result, many residents come to the conclusion that they have too little influence on their districts and their lives and have therefore started to point out their limits.
Mayoral candidates
The following Borough Presidents ran unsuccessfully as candidates for Mayor of New York City:
- Herman Badillo
- Lewis H. Pounds
- Fernando Ferrer
- Percy Sutton
- Henry H. Curran
- Ruth Messinger
- C. Virginia Fields
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ New York. Laws of New York; 1897 , 120th Session, Chapter 378; Section 2; Page 2.
- ↑ Kenneth T. Jackson: The Encyclopedia of New York City . The New York Historical Society and Yale University Press , New Haven, Connecticut 1995, ISBN 0-300-05536-6 , pp. 129-130.
- ^ New York. Laws of New York; 1899 , 121st Session, Chapter 588; Section 1; Page 1336., English
- ^ New York. Laws of New York; 1912 , 135th Session, Chapter 548; Section 1; Page 1352., English
- ↑ Cornell Law School Supreme Court Collection: Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris , accessed June 12, 2006
- ↑ Cornell Law School Supreme Court Collection: Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris , accessed August 12, 2013
- ↑ "A champion for Brooklyn": Pols have raised big bucks for race to become borough president - roughly: Pols spent a lot of money in the race for the Borough Presidentship In: Lore Croghan, New York Daily News of January 14, 2013, accessed on August 13, 2013
- ↑ New York City City Law ( Memento of the original from May 8, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , PDF, English, accessed on August 3, 2013.
