Brönnhof (area)
The Brönnhof is a 25.34 km², predominantly wooded and unpopulated area in the district of Schweinfurt , a small, northern strip belongs to the district of Bad Kissingen . The Brönnhof desolation is in the middle of the area, in a 3.2 km² clearing island and gave its name to the entire area.
From 1936 to 2014 the area was used as a military training area, with a short interruption. Since 2015, the central area of the area has been a national natural heritage and at the same time the largest natural heritage area in Bavaria .
location
The Brönnhof is only 7 km (as the crow flies) north of the city center of Schweinfurt, in the northwest of the Schweinfurt Rhön (Hesselbacher Waldland), at about 350 to just over 400 m above sea level.
history
The middle part of the Brönnhof belonged to the Teutonic Order . The approx. 10 km² large forest area in the north-eastern part of the Brönnhof is called Jeusing (place name: der Jeusing ), named after Jeusungen , a desert area located here , which was first mentioned in a document in 791. The Brönnhof was later a community-free area and was connected to the Üchtelhausen district of Weipoltshausen as part of the municipal reform .
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Training area of the US Army Garrison Schweinfurt (until 2014)
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Bundeswehr soldiers practice for Afghanistan 2009
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From 1936 the Ganerbenschaft Brönnhof was used by the military, first by the army and for some years after the war by the US Army Garrison Schweinfurt as a training area , the km by the around 10 long military road with Ledward Barracks is connected. With an area of 26 km², the Brönnhof was the third largest training area of the US Army in Europe, which was recently also occasionally used by the German Armed Forces to prepare for missions abroad.
The core of the practice area, with Camp Robertson and 104 buildings, was in the cleared island. The much larger, surrounding area was still subject to forest management , was also used by the US troops and was also part of the training area. However, this area was i. Access to the core at your own risk, for example for hikers.
As a result of the complete withdrawal of US troops from Schweinfurt in 2014, the Brönnhof is no longer used as a training area, which has since further increased the value for local recreation and ecology in this region , which is valuable in terms of landscape and at the same time close to the city.
National natural heritage
Definition
Even during military use, the area was the FFH area, the Brönnhof training area and the surrounding area . In 2015, the budget committee of the German Bundestag defined the modalities for transferring land to the National Natural Heritage (NNE). On April 22, 2016, the Brönnhof estate , the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) and the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks (BImA) signed an agreement whereby the Brönnhof became a national natural heritage site on an area of 12.5 km². It represents a novelty. While elsewhere areas for national natural heritage were transferred to new nature conservation agencies, the Brönnhof remained with its previous owners, the BImA (99% of the areas) as well as the Schweinfurt Hospital Foundation and the Schweinfurt Forest Protection Association (together 1% of the Surfaces). The Reußenberg Federal Forestry Agency continues to look after the area.
Development of flora
The tree population consists mainly of around 40% oak , 22% beech and 22% spruce . Conifer populations are to be converted into natural, indigenous mixed deciduous forests without any further uses. The oak stocks are to be expanded. The beech share should at least not increase further. Existing historical forms of use, such as middle forests , are preserved. The drought has been causing increasing problems since the end of the 2010s. In the spruce stands by the bark beetle and in the oaks by the gypsy moth . “ All tree species have problems. Nobody can reliably say which ones will cope best with the drought and how the forest as a whole will react to climate change, ”said the nature conservation officer Egon Schleyer and the district manager Stefan Fritsche from the federal forestry operation in 2019.
The open land areas (300 ha) in the cleared island are to be preserved and developed through suitable maintenance measures. This steppe (secondary steppe ) in the center of Brönnhof has developed over decades into a biotope with around 350 endangered and protected animal and plant species.
Development of the fauna
The steppe areas need constant care so that they do not become overgrown. The federal forest has therefore leased 200 hectares, 80 hectares of which to a shepherd who lets his animals graze here in early summer and autumn. The landscape maintenance for the remaining 120 hectares accepts since 2015 Hambach Farmers Master Gerold place with its 50 Angus -Rindern and 22 Konik - wild horses , where only half of the area is grazed to generate on the other half of winter fodder for the animals can. The herd is in the wild all year round and feeds exclusively on grass, herbs and shrubs. Since this has a positive effect on the quality of the meat, the Hambach farmer is increasingly pushing regional marketing.
Mild tourism
The steppe with the wild horses is only 8 km north of Schweinfurt city center. Close cooperation with the local communities is sought when developing the areas for green tourism. The Feldherrenhalle , a covered platform from military times in the middle of the area, now serves as a lookout point. Walkers or cyclists can meet the wild horses on the Koppelweg (6 km or 7.3 km with a loop). A 15 km long hiking trail from the Schweinfurt Wildlife Park to the oaks , along the eastern edge of the Brönnhof through the Jeusing , to Maßbach in the Bad Kissingen district, has long been running .
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Economy in Mainfranken: withdrawal of the US Army from the Schweinfurt location is certain, July 2012, p. 34
- ↑ Measured with the help of the BayernAtlas
- ↑ a b c d e f mainpost.de: Brönnhof: Where the tanks once rolled, horses graze today, September 15, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Information from the Federal Agency for Real Estate Tasks (BImA)
- ^ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation: Landscape profile 13900 Hesselbacher Waldland
- ↑ District of Schweinfurt / Brönnhof. Retrieved November 25, 2017 .
- ↑ a b mainpost.de: A Brönnhof ox is on the table at the Bio-Lust days, June 5, 2019. Accessed June 5, 2019 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 7 ′ 57 ″ N , 10 ° 14 ′ 9.7 ″ E