Braunellen (plant genus)

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Brown cells
Inflorescence of the little brown elk (Prunella vulgaris)

Inflorescence of the little brown elk ( Prunella vulgaris )

Systematics
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily : Nepetoideae
Tribe : Mentheae
Sub tribus : Nepetinae
Genre : Brown cells
Scientific name
Prunella
L.

The Brown Ellen ( Prunella , formerly Brunella ), also Brunellen called, are a genus in the family of the mint (Lamiaceae). It should be noted that the name can be confused with the bird genus Braunellen ( Prunella ), whereby the equality of both the German and the scientific name represents a unique case.

description

Illustration from Prof. Dr. Otto Wilhelm Thomé: Flora of Germany, Austria and Switzerland 1885, Gera der Kleine Braunelle ( Prunella vulgaris )
Large-flowered Braunelle ( Prunella grandiflora )
White brown ella ( Prunella laciniata )

Vegetative characteristics

In Prunella TYPES is perennial herbaceous plants , which form more or less low, crawling mats, of which the flower-bearing rung branch erect or ascending.

Of the opposite leaves only the lower ones are petiolate. The leaf blades are broad to oblong ovoid, sometimes lobed.

Generative characteristics

The usually six-flowered phantom whorls are compressed into a terminal, clearly separated, ovoid to round-ovoid, dense phantom ear . The Often they are reddish or purple crowded bracts are very broad in shape and often overlap; in either case, they are markedly different from normal leaves.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx is clearly two-lipped, the upper lip being three-pointed, and the lower lip two-pointed deep. Both calyx lips are flattened so that the calyx tube is also compressed as a whole. The five petals are fused to form a corolla tube. The white, pink to purple corolla is two-lipped. The lower lip is three-lobed, with the middle lobe clearly larger, hollow and mostly serrated at the front edge.

Location requirements

Most species prefer more or less open locations such as grasslands, forest edges or river banks.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Prunella was established by Carl von Linné . Synonyms for Prunella L. are: Brunella Mill. Orth. Var., Prunellopsis Kudô .

Hybrids are often formed.

The Prunella species thrive in temperate to subtropical areas of the northern hemisphere. They are common in Eurasia and North Africa and occur from North to Central America .

Depending on the perception of the species, 7 or 13 to 15 species are assigned to the genus Prunella :

  • Prunella albanica Pénzes : It occurs only in Albania .
  • Prunella asiatica Nakai : It occurs in East Asia. (Some authors consider it a subspecies Prunella vulgaris subsp. asiatica (Nakai) H.Hara )
  • Prunella cretensis Gand. : This endemic occurs only in Crete .
  • Large-flowered brown ella ( Prunella grandiflora (L.) Scholler , Syn .: Prunella vulgaris var. Grandiflora L. , Prunella vulgaris subsp. Grandiflora (L.) Ehrh. , Prunella alpina Timb.-Lagr. Nom. Illeg., Prunella hastata Spreng. , Prunella hastifolia bread. , Prunella speciosa Wender. , Prunella pyrenaica (Gren. & Godr.) Philippe nom. Illeg., Prunella tournefortii Timb.-Lagr. , Prunella transsilvanica Schur , Prunella grandiflora var. Alpina Nyman , Prunella grandiflora var. Hastifolia (Bread.) Nyman , Prunella grandiflora var. Incisa Klett & Richt. , Prunella grandiflora var. Pyrenaica Gren. & Godr. , Prunella grandiflora subsp. Pyrenaica (Gren. & Godr.) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs , Prunella grandiflora subsp . hastifolia (bread.) Breistr. ): It is widespread from Europe to the Caucasus .
  • Prunella hispida Benth. : It thrives in the mountains of southern China and India (It is also considered a subspecies Prunella vulgaris subsp. Hispida (Benth.) Hultén .)
  • Prunella hyssopifolia L .: It occurs in Spain , Italy , France , Corsica and Morocco .
  • White brown ella ( Prunella laciniata (L.) L. , Syn .: Prunella afriquena Pau & Font Quer , Prunella alba Pall. Ex M.Bieb. Nom. Illeg., Prunella integerrima Beck , Prunella sulphurea Mill. ): It is from Europe Spread over the Mediterranean region to northwestern Iran .
  • Prunella orientalis Bornm. : It occurs in the Middle East from Turkey to Syria .
  • Prunella prunelliformis (Maxim.) Makino : This endemic occurs in the northern to central part of the Japanese island of Honshu .
  • Small brown ella ( Prunella vulgaris L. ): There are about five subspecies. They are common in Eurasia and North Africa and occur from North to Central America .

swell

  • Li Hsi-wen, Ian C. Hedge: Prunella. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Ed.): Flora of China . tape 17 : Verbenaceae through Solanaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 1994, ISBN 0-915279-24-X , pp. 134-135 (English). ( online )

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Prunella at Tropicos.org. In: Flora of Pakistan . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  2. ^ Prunella at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 17, 2018.
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Prunella. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 17, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Braunellen ( Prunella )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Prunella on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
  • Data set from World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2010), copyright © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: online at Euro + Med .