Breitscheid (Ratingen)

Breitscheid City of Ratingen
	Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 7 " N , 6 ° 51 ′ 57" E
Height :	71 m
Area :	14.35 km²
Residents :	5191 (Dec. 31, 2015)
Population density :	362 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	1st January 1975
Postal code :	40885
Primaries :	02102, 02054
	Breitscheid motorway junction

Breitscheid is the northernmost district of the city of Ratingen in the Mettmann district with 5205 inhabitants. The district is best known for the Breitscheid motorway junction .

history

In the high medieval pottery of Breitscheid and the immediately neighboring village of Lintorf , the so-called "Breitscheider earthenware" with reduced firing was produced, which was particularly widespread within the region between the Rhine and Ruhr. It is an important pottery region in the high medieval Rhineland. In addition to high-quality utility ceramics for storage, the kitchen as well as drinking and tapware, building ceramics in the form of floor tiles and stove tiles were also produced here. Via the "old Kölner Landstrasse" leading through the medieval Breitscheid district and the central market town of Duisburg, products from these workshops reached Zons, Cologne, the Villich monastery near Bonn and in a northerly direction to the Stahlhof in London.

The oldest documented mention of the regional pottery trade can be found in the "Urbar E" from around 1150 in the documents held by the Essen-Werden Abbey . It documents the donations of pottery to the cellarius of the abbey.

For the year 1362 there are also two mentions of taxes to the abbey on the occasion of the death of the potter Gerhardi tho Linepe :

June 8, 1362: item eadem feria 4 de morte Gerhardi des uleneres tho Linepe, 3 mr leves valentes, 4 scuta antiqua, et 2 albos grossos

.... also four days after Pentecost regarding the death of the potter Gerhard zu Linnep 3 Marks light value, 4 old Scudi and 2 large Albus

June 15, 1362: in vigilia venerabilis sacramenti de morte Gerhardi des uleneres tho Lynepe, 3 mr leves valentes, 21 solidi tremoniensis .

.... on the night of the Holy Sacrament regarding the death of the potter Gerhard zu Linnep (preserved) 3 Marks light value and 21 Dortmund solidi

After the comprehensive publication in 2003, the significant shard dump in the corridor "am Geist" was completely destroyed by robbery excavations. Important collections of proofs of production of the "Breitscheider Earthenware" are in the possession of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum in Bonn, the City Museum Ratingen and are in private hands. In addition to the usual "ball pots" in different formats, the pottery tradition of "Breitscheider Earthenware" is characterized in particular by the mass production of large-format, bulbous storage vessels with and without a stand up to 55 cm high and a rich repertoire of drinking utensils.

Rare evidence of Rheinische utility ceramics from this time are clay lids. Large-format open bowls with a clay bead turned around to stabilize the body of the vessel seem to have been an independent product. This ceramic production is also distinguished by its above-average wealth of decorations and decorations. The security and supervision of the extensive ceramic production directly at the clay deposits on the Duisburg imperial estate near Breitscheid will have been the responsibility of the local noble lords of Linnep , who also provided members of the Cologne Cathedral Chapter. Against this background, the evidence of “ Breitscheider Earthenware ” found in the findings of the Gothic cathedral building in Cologne can be explained .

After the Landsberg Castle was built by the Counts of Berg , the Breitscheid Honnschaft became part of the Landsberg sub-office in the old Bergisch Office of Angermund , together with the Mintard and Laupendahl Honnships . During the French period under Napoleon (1806–1814), the area belonged to Mairie Eckamp in the canton of Ratingen ; after the Prussian takeover in 1815, Breitscheid and Selbeck belonged to the Mintard mayor. By the Rhenish municipal code of 1845 Breitscheid-Selbeck received the status of a rural municipality in the Mintard mayor in the district of Düsseldorf .

During the municipal reorganization on July 29, 1929, the Selbeck district of the Breitscheid-Selbeck rural community was incorporated into Mülheim an der Ruhr . The community, now only known as Breitscheid , has belonged to the Angerland office in the Düsseldorf-Mettmann district since then .

The Essen camp was established in 1943.

On January 1, 1975, the Breitscheid community was dissolved. The independent city of Mülheim an der Ruhr was given an area of 2.30 km ² , on which 50 people lived at that time. The main part (14.35 km ² with 3,823 inhabitants) was reclassified to Ratingen.

Religions

Catholic parish of St. Anna Ratingen-Lintorf

In the late Middle Ages Breitscheid was evangelized from Kaiserswerth and Werden and initially belonged to the parish of St. Laurentius in Mintard. Towards the end of the 19th century, the branch church of St. Theresia was built in the Selbeck district , which became independent in 1927 and was responsible for the area of the Breitscheid-Selbeck civil parish and remained so after the municipal reorganization in 1929. With the establishment of the Ruhr diocese in 1957, the area on Selbeck was assigned to it, the Breitscheid part remained in the Archdiocese of Cologne . The parish, newly founded on January 1, 1958, was initially named after Pope St. Pius X , but was renamed St. Christophorus , the patron saint of travelers, pilgrims and motorists in the 1960s , as the planned new parish church was originally also a motorway church was planned. This was inaugurated in 1976. At the beginning of 2009 the parish lost its independence again and was incorporated into the parish of St. Anna in Lintorf together with the parishes of St. Bartholomew in Hösel and St. Johannes in the north of Lintorf .

Evangelical parish of Linnep

The Protestant parish was established in the middle of the 17th century and covers the area of the Mülheim districts Selbeck and Mintard and the Ratinger district Breitscheid. The Reformed Christians first gathered in Linnep Castle , the residence of their patron, until 1684 the first services could be celebrated in a separate church on a plot of land near the castle, which the then lord of the castle Vincent Schott von Isselstein gave to the community. After the Second World War, the community grew significantly and established a community center in Breitscheid.

Attractions

Landsberg Castle

Landsberg Castle is located in the Breitscheid area on the border with Essen-Kettwig . It was built in the 13th century for Adolf V. von Berg at the foot of the Ruhr Valley . The castle now houses a conference center for Thyssen-Krupp AG ; However, it can be viewed from the outside from the surrounding publicly accessible park.

Linnep Castle

In Breitscheid there is also Linnep Castle , together with the Linnep Forest Church. The moated castle was mentioned as a knight's seat as early as the 11th century. Today it is privately inhabited and can only be viewed from the outside.

Established businesses

The DRK Blood Donation Service West gGmbH has its headquarters in Breitscheid and maintains one of its three centers for transfusion medicine here (the other two centers are in Münster and Hagen ).

The miniature park Minidomm existed from 1967 to 1992 and was a tourist attraction of the Rhineland known throughout Europe. On an area of approx. 80,000 m² there were approx. 120 models of various buildings on a scale of 1:25 with a total value of more than DM 35 million at that time, connected to a drive-in cinema known in the region for a time .

Individual evidence

↑ Thomas van Lohuizen: The medieval pottery manufacturers of Breitscheid and Lintorf , Ratingen Forum 8, contributions to urban and regional history, in 2003 Ratingen, p 91 ff. ISBN 3-926538-51-1
↑ Manfred Buer, Breitscheid, in: Die Quecke (Ratinger and Angerländer Heimatblätter) No. 79, 2009, ISSN 0930-6560 , pages 10-12.
^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 293 .
↑ "About us" on the homepage of the kath. Parish of St. Anna Ratingen
^ Parish Linnep: The beginnings. Retrieved January 4, 2018 .

[1] Thomas van Lohuizen: The medieval pottery manufacturers of Breitscheid and Lintorf , Ratingen Forum 8, contributions to urban and regional history, in 2003 Ratingen, p 91 ff. ISBN 3-926538-51-1

[2] Manfred Buer, Breitscheid, in: Die Quecke (Ratinger and Angerländer Heimatblätter) No. 79, 2009, ISSN 0930-6560 , pages 10-12.

[3] Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 293 .

[4] "About us" on the homepage of the kath. Parish of St. Anna Ratingen

[5] Parish Linnep: The beginnings. Retrieved January 4, 2018 .