Brodiaea appendiculata

Brodiaea appendiculata
	Brodiaea appendiculata
Systematics
	Monocots
Order :	Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family :	Asparagaceae (Asparagaceae)
Subfamily :	Brodiaeoideae
Genre :	Brodiaea
Type :	Brodiaea appendiculata
Scientific name
	Brodiaea appendiculata
	Hoover

Brodiaea appendiculata is a species of the genus Brodiaea in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). This rare species is only found in the western US state of California .

description

Vegetative characteristics

Brodiaea appendiculata grows as a perennial herbaceous plant . Plant tubers are formed as persistence organs . One to six narrow leaves are produced per tuber during the growing season.

Generative characteristics

The flowering time in California is in the spring from April to May. The strong inflorescence shaft is 10 to 45 centimeters long. At the end of the inflorescence stem there is an open, golden inflorescence . The bracts also cases, this is still in bud during the inflorescence, not completely. There are also cover sheets . The flower stalk is 4 to 10 inches long.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are two circles, each with three bracts , which are fused at their base. The three outer bracts are slightly narrower with a width of 4.5 to 10.5 millimeters than the inner three, which are 6.5 to 10.5 millimeters wide. The six violet-purple bracts are fused to form a cylindrical, translucent flower tube with a length of 8 to 12 millimeters, which does not open until the fruit is ripe. The corolla is a total of 24 to 38 millimeters long and the free part of the bracts is usually more than twice as long as the flower tube. The free part of the bracts is 15 to 22 millimeters long and broad and curved back at the upper end. The free part of the bracts has less than twice the length of the flower tube. In Brodiaea appendiculata there are three sterile stamens, i.e. staminodes , which are located within the bracts and are fused with them , which resemble small petals and each face the outer bracts. In the case of the upright, white staminodes, which are inclined towards or adjacent to the stamens, and with a length of 8 to 15 millimeters, narrow-linear staminodes, the corrugated or toothed edges are half rolled up and the upper end is rounded. The three fertile stamens are located opposite the inner bracts and are also fused at the base of the envelope. The base of the 4 to 2 millimeter long stamens is broadened but triangular; there are 2 ribbon-shaped, forked appendages, hence the specific epithet appendiculata . The size and shape of the stamens and the structures at the base of the stamens are important determinants for the Brodiaea species. With a length of 3 to 6 millimeters, the anthers are inverted-heart-shaped and the upper end has a hook. Three carpels are long to a 5 to 6 millimeters, three crests membered ovary grown. The 9 to 12 millimeter long stylus ends in a three-lobed scar .

The egg-shaped capsule fruits open in folds = loculicide. The seeds are black.

Chromosome set

The basic chromosome number is x = 6, there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 12.

Occurrence and endangerment

From Brodiaea appendiculata comes from the northern front to the central California. It thrives mainly at low altitudes of the foothills of the Sierra Nevada in the grasslands, in open woodlands at altitudes from 0 to 600 meters. The stony clay soils "baked" very hard in the flowering season.

Brodiaea appendiculata is rare at the localities or is already extinct in the coastal mountains.

Taxonomy

The first description of Brodiaea appendiculata was made in 1939 by Robert Francis Hoover in Madroño , Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 130-132, Figure 1. The type material Hoover was in 1040 (Institution: HT: JEPS) deposited.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea appendiculata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 3, 2020.}
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea appendiculata Hoover , p. 322 - online with the same text as the printed work .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea appendiculata data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .
↑ ^a ^b Brodiaea appendiculata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 3, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Brodiaea appendiculata - collection of images, videos and audio files

[WCSP-1] Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea appendiculata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 3, 2020.}

[FoNA-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea appendiculata Hoover , p. 322 - online with the same text as the printed work .

[Jepson_eFlora2012-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea appendiculata data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .

[Tropicos-4] Brodiaea appendiculata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 3, 2020.