Bromochloromethane

Structural formula
General
Surname	Bromochloromethane
other names	Chlorobromomethane; Methylene chlorobromide; Halon 1011; BCM;
Molecular formula	CH 2 BrCl
Brief description	volatile, light-sensitive, colorless liquid with a sweetish, chloroform-like odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	200-826-3
ECHA InfoCard	100,000,752
PubChem	6333
Wikidata	Q421751
properties
Molar mass	129.38 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.99 g cm −3
Melting point	−86.5 ° C
boiling point	68.5 ° C
Vapor pressure	147 hPa (20 ° C); 250 hPa (30 ° C); 530 hPa (50 ° C);
solubility	poor in water (9 g l −1 at 20 ° C); soluble in acetone , benzene , tetrachloromethane and diethyl ether ;
Refractive index	1.482 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 332-315-318-335-420
	P: 261-280-304 + 340 + 312-305 + 351 + 338 + 310-502
MAK	Switzerland: 200 ml m −3 or 1050 mg m −3
Toxicological data	5000 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Bromochloromethane is a chemical compound from the group of aliphatic and saturated halogenated hydrocarbons or dihalomethanes .

Presentation and extraction

Bromochloromethane can be prepared from dichloromethane by a halogen exchange reaction using bromine and aluminum or using hydrogen bromide in the presence of aluminum chloride.

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {6 \, CH_ {2} Cl_ {2} +3 \, Br_ {2} +2 \, Al \ rightarrow 6 \, CH_ {2} BrCl + 2 \, AlCl_ {3}}}

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {CH_ {2} Cl_ {2} + HBr {\ xrightarrow {AlCl_ {3}}} \ CH_ {2} BrCl + \ HCl}}

properties

Bromochloromethane is sensitive to light and from 400 ° C it decomposes. B. hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide arise.

use

Bromochloromethane was used as a refrigerant , in fire extinguishers, and as a solvent , but because of its ozone depletion potential of 0.120, its production was banned at the Eleventh Meeting of the Parties for the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer on January 1, 2002.

safety instructions

Bromochloromethane has a narcotic effect and there are indications of a carcinogenic effect.

Web links

Commons : Bromochloromethane - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Entry on bromochloromethane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .
↑ Enius: Bromochlormethan , accessed on February 4, 2018.
↑ Data sheet bromochloromethane from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 4, 2018 ( PDF ).
↑ Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 74-97-5 or bromochloromethane ), accessed on November 2, 2015.
↑ Yoffe, D .; Frim, R .; Ukeles, SD; Dagani, MJ; Barda, HJ; Benya, TJ; Sanders, DC: Bromine Compounds , in: Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie , Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2013; doi : 10.1002 / 14356007.a04_405.pub2 .

[GESTIS-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Entry on bromochloromethane in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on January 8, 2018(JavaScript required) .

[2] Enius: Bromochlormethan , accessed on February 4, 2018.

[Sigma-3] Data sheet bromochloromethane from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 4, 2018 ( PDF ).

[4] Swiss Accident Insurance Fund (Suva): Limit values - current MAK and BAT values (search for 74-97-5 or bromochloromethane ), accessed on November 2, 2015.

[Ullmann-5] Yoffe, D .; Frim, R .; Ukeles, SD; Dagani, MJ; Barda, HJ; Benya, TJ; Sanders, DC: Bromine Compounds , in: Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie , Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2013; doi : 10.1002 / 14356007.a04_405.pub2 .