Bunium persicum
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Bunium persicum |
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| ( Boiss. ) B. Fedsch. |
Bunium persicum is a species of the genus bunium ( Bunium ) in the family of Umbelliferae (Apiaceae). It was previously assigned as Carum persicum to the genus Caraway ( Carum ). Their partial fruits are also called "black cumin" and used as a spice .
Description and ecology
Bunium persicum grows as a perennial , pale green, completely bare plant. The straight, grooved stem reaches heights of 40 to 60 centimeters. The plant reaches a growth width of 25 centimeters. The leaves are pinnate two to three times.
The double-gold inflorescence has 15 to 20 rays. The relatively small flowers are white. The pollination is done by insects or self-fertilization.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14, less often 22.
distribution
The original range of Bunium persicum is Afghanistan , Iran , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as well as on the Indian subcontinent Jammu and Kashmir and Pakistan .
use
The partial fruits (wrongly called seeds) are used as a spice mainly in India , Pakistan, Bangladesh , Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Iran. The aroma is earthy, nutty after heating.
Individual evidence
- ↑ BK Shishkin: Flora of the USSR p. 292. ( Online )
- ↑ Parvaze A. Sofi et al .: Kala zeera (Bunium persicum Bioss.): A Kashmirian high value crop. ( online ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice .; PDF; 192 kB)
- ^ Bunium persicum at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Bunium persicum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
Web links
- Majid Azizi et al .: Essential Oil Content and Constituents of Black Zira (Bunium persicum [Boiss.] B. Fedtsch.) From Iran During Field Cultivation (Domestication). ( online ; PDF; 590 kB)
- Fariba Sharififar et al .: Bioactivity of major components from the seeds of Bunium persicum (Bioss.) Fedtch. ( online ; PDF; 226 kB)