Castle (Burgenland)

Burg ( village ) locality cadastral community Burg
Basic data
Pole. District , state	Oberwart  (OW), Burgenland
Judicial district	Oberwart
Pole. local community	Hannersdorf
Coordinates	47 ° 12 '54 "  N , 16 ° 24' 22"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 12 '54 "  N , 16 ° 24' 22"  E
height	274  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village	221 (January 1, 2020)
Building status	170 (2001)
Area  d. KG	5.38 km²
Statistical identification
Locality code	00258
Cadastral parish number	34011
Counting district / district	Castle (10906 001)
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; GIS-Bgld

Burg is a place in Austria in southern Burgenland in the Oberwart district . Politically it belongs to the large community of Hannersdorf . The Hungarian name of the place is Óvár and the Croatian Porka .

Church castle

geography

The village lies at the foot of the Eisenberg, embedded in rolling hills. The Pinka , which flows around the town to the south, has dug a deep river bed into the landscape. Three brooks flow into the Pinka here, these are the diving, the Dürn and the Edelbach. This fact was probably one of the reasons for the early settlement, but over the years it has caused great suffering to the population. On the one hand, due to the confluence of several rivers, as well as the damming effect of the gorge, severe floods have repeatedly occurred. The year 1965 was particularly dramatic when the castle was flooded seven times. In the late 1960s, therefore, large-scale flood protection structures were built. A dam on which a bypass road was built and the relocation of the diving stream to the outskirts made it possible to make the place flood-proof. In the course of this work, the swimming lake, which was opened in 1972, was also built.

Excellent wines are made on the steep slopes of the Eisenberg, and the Eisenberg is particularly known for its intense blue fritters . Viticulture is largely structured on a small scale. Large parts of the population cultivate a small vineyard each.

history

Old finds prove and prove that a historical settlement area has been around the present castle since early times. During the erection of the war memorial in 1935, a Neolithic dwelling pit was found, and shards of vessels from the Tisza-Lengyel culture were found. There are over 200 barrows from the Hallstatt period around the castle . At the time of the Romans, the castle belonged to the territory of the Pannonian provincial capital Colonia Claudia Savaria ( Szombathely ). To the north of the bathing lake there is a Roman Meierhof, the foundations of which have been preserved underground. The stone sarcophagi discovered in 1893 also date from this period. A Roman stone lion found in the castle was walled up in the parish church of Hannersdorf.

Òvar - The old castle (from the local chronicle) forms a unique combination of history and landscape are the extensive and well-researched fortifications of castle. They are among the most remarkable monuments of their kind in Austria. The terrain, bounded by the S-loop of the Pinka and sloping steeply towards the river, formed a natural fortress that has shown traces of human settlement since the Neolithic Age. By digging trenches, filling walls, building walls and towers, a four-part castle was created in the Middle Ages, which exceeded all other structures of this type in its length of 560 meters.

The “outer bailey” in the northern part of the complex has ring walls. A mighty main wall, which bears the remains of a nearly 5 meter thick wall, seals off the central structure, the expansion of which apparently dates back to before 1244. In this area stands the branch church of St. Andrew, which goes back to the 13th century.

Wall and ditch separate the next part, which in its southern area has a local mountain with the remains of a square tower and which could have been flanked to the north by another tower. In the center of the retreat, protected by two walls and a moat, stood a circular tower on a truncated cone. This is likely to be the namesake of the complex, which was named "Ovar" (Hungarian for "old castle") as early as 1244. In that year King Bela IV gave Ovar to the Schandorf family of Chem. The castle was probably devastated by the Mongols in 1241, but was then rebuilt by the Chem. The lords of the castle got involved in armed conflicts that led to the destruction of the castle before 1489. In 1461 Andreas Baumkircher acquired the castle, who attached it to Schlaining and neglected it. As a result of the devastation of the Turkish procession of 1532, the place and the castle are likely to have deteriorated. In 1544 the place became the property of the Batthyany. The population suffered from the Turkish invasions of 1522, 1533 and 1572, from the Kuruc invasions of 1704, 1707 and 1708, but also from the French invasion of 1806 and 1809. The official language was always German. Around 1900 the government in Budapest tried to enforce Hungarian as the official language, which was rejected by the population.

Like all of Burgenland, the place belonged to Hungary (German-West Hungary) until 1920/21 . Since 1898 had due to the Magyarization of the government in Budapest , the Hungarian name Óvár be used.

After the end of the First World War , after tough negotiations, German-West Hungary was awarded to Austria in the Treaties of St. Germain and Trianon in 1919. The place has belonged to the newly founded federal state of Burgenland since 1921 (see also the history of Burgenland ). Since then, Burg was no longer in the center of a great empire, but on the border, during the Cold War on the edge of the western world. It was not until the Schengen expansion in 2007 that the population on both sides of the border was able to make contacts again.

Events

The beach festival, which has become a tradition every year at Pentecost and is held by the Burg volunteer fire department, is very popular. On two days there is entertainment for the young generation, on Sunday there is a morning pint.

The Jugend Burg also rendered great services to the preservation of local life. The young people try to keep the burgers happy with events such as mulled wine stands or carnival parades. Old customs are also being revived.

Web links

Commons : Burg im Burgenland  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Wikisource: Friberg in the Topographia Austriacarum (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts