Berum Castle
| Berum Castle | ||
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 Berum Castle on the map "Oostfrieslandt" by David Fabricius (detail, 1613) |
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| Creation time : | around 1310 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg, location | |
| Conservation status: | Essential parts preserved | |
| Standing position : | Count | |
| Place: | Hage - Berum | |
| Geographical location | 53 ° 36 '5 " N , 7 ° 17' 50.3" E | |
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The Berum Castle is a moated castle and is located in the town district (Castle Road 1) of the East Frisian municipality Hage in the district of Aurich in Lower Saxony . It is one of the most important sites in East Frisian history.
history
When exactly the construction of the castle began is unclear. The first documentary evidence dates the chief's castle to the year 1310. In this year a member of the Syrtza or Sytzen family, who have their ancestral seat on the forerunner of today's castle, is named as chief for the Norderlande. It is not known how long this family had already resided here at the time.
In the 15th century, the Cirksena inherited the castle. In 1443 Count Ulrich I had the existing castle expanded into a palace with a three-wing main and outer bailey and celebrated his wedding here on June 1, 1455 with Theda , the granddaughter of his great rival Focko Ukena . Since then she has played an important role in East Frisian history. 1475–1481 Alf, the son of Count Gerd von Oldenburg , was arrested at Berum Castle after an incursion into East Frisia.
In 1591, Edzard II completed the expansion of Berum Castle into a magnificent moated castle in the Renaissance style with the erection of the spire. After his death, his widow Katharina , the daughter of the Swedish King Gustav Wasa , added a few extensions to the castle, including a chapel . From then on, the castle was considered the family's widow's seat . On January 28, 1600, Count Enno III closed. and the house of Rietberg at the castle, the " Berumer comparison ", as a result of which the Harlingerland finally came to East Frisia. On April 16, 1628, a tragic incident occurred at the castle: Count Rudolf Christian , who was only 26 years old , was stabbed in the left eye during a quarrel with a lieutenant belonging to the imperial general Gallas , who was in Berum's quarters received to.
Under Christine Charlotte , who lived here as a count's widow from 1690 to 1699, renewed renovation work was carried out in the second half of the 17th century, as a result of which Berum Castle became one of the most magnificent princely palaces. It was protected by the mighty outer bailey and a double moat . On April 25, 1734, Prince Carl Edzard's wedding with Princess Sophie Wilhelmine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth took place in the palace . After Carl Edzard's death, the castle fell into the possession of the Prussian King Friedrich II in 1744 . This was no longer used for the widow's residence. The four-winged castle with a heavy, rectangular tower on the north-west corner fell into disrepair. Most of it was demolished in 1764 and the valuable inventory was auctioned. The outer bailey was preserved, an elongated brick building built against the defensive wall with a former gate tower and the baroque gate passage. This portal is flanked by two columns, in the triangular gable you can see the Württemberg coat of arms of Princess Christine Charlotte. Wall and outer moat are still there and in the south there are remains of the baroque garden from 1712. The outer bailey served as the seat of the Berum office after the castle was demolished. The castle remained the administrative seat until 1932. The Inn- and Knyphausen family then bought the property as the princess's retirement home. After her death, the property was up for sale again. In 1970, the von Oppeln-Bronikowski family, originally from Lausitz , acquired the castle and lives there to this day. Part of the complex serves as a guest house, where Federal President Horst Köhler spent his summer vacation in the summer of 2006 .
Berum Castle
Inner courtyard of Berum Castle
Baroque gate passage
literature
- Hajo van Lengen , Hermann Schiefer, Gretje Schreiber: Berum Castle. Structural development and equipment . (= Booklets on East Frisian cultural history. Volume 8). Aurich 2019, ISBN 978-3-940601-51-3 .
- Günter Müller: 293 castles and palaces in the Oldenburg area - East Friesland. Kayser Verlag, Oldenburg 1977, DNB 810673991 , p. 118 f.
- Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The Berum Castle. In: If stones could talk. Volume IV, Landbuch-Verlag, Hanover 1998, ISBN 3-7842-0558-5 , pp. 155-156.
- Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 290 .
Web links
- Site of the castle
- Frank Both's entry on Berum Castle in the " EBIDAT " scientific database of the European Castle Institute
- Berum Castle - photos and information