Berum
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Berum
Spots Hage
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| Height : | 2.6 m above sea level NN |
| Area : | 1.65 km² |
| Residents : | 260 (1972) |
| Population density : | 158 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 26524 |
| Area code : | 04931 |
 The preserved outer bailey of Berum Castle
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Berum is a village in East Frisia . Politically, it is part of the spots Hage , the administrative seat of the Samtgemeinde Hage .
location
The scattered settlement is a good one kilometer east of Hage and about six kilometers east of the north . It is located at a height of 2.6 meters above sea level on the northwesternmost branch of the East Frisian Geestrücken . In the area of the town is dominated Podsol and - Gley -Podsol floors. To the north there is an area with Gley-Grund.
history
Above all, because of the castle of the same name in the village, Berum is one of the most important sites in East Frisian history. The place is mentioned for the first time in 1408 as Berne or Berum , but it is likely to be much older.
In the Middle Ages , there was a so-called Uthof in the place, i.e. a permanent work of a farm and stove owner in the Norder Geest. The place developed into the seat of East Frisian chiefs early on . The presence of the Sidtzen family (other spellings: Syrtza or Sytze ) on a forerunner of today's castle has been proven as early as 1310 . For the year 1387 this is Marten, who was married to the daughter of the Östringen chief Popke Inen. In the 15th century, the Cirksena inherited the castle and expanded it into a castle, which they later used as the family's widow's seat. On January 28th, 1600 the " Berumer Settlement " was signed at the castle , as a result of which the Harlingerland finally came to East Friesland.
When Carl Edzard , the last East Frisian prince from the house of Cirksena, died on May 25, 1744 , King Friedrich II of Prussia asserted his right of succession, which was regulated in the Emden Convention . From then on there was no longer any use for the widow's residence, so that in 1764 it was demolished except for the outer bailey and the valuable inventory was auctioned.
During the Second World War, a barrack camp was set up in Berum, in which probably 18 women of Russian origin were housed as forced laborers for the Berumerfehn canal office.
After the end of the war, the population of the place skyrocketed. While around a hundred people still lived in Berum in 1939, in 1946 after the admission of many refugees and displaced persons from the eastern regions of the German Reich there were a total of 431 inhabitants, of which 303, i.e. a good 70 percent, were refugees. Their share in the village population rose to 79.8 percent by 1950.
On July 1, 1972, Berum was incorporated into the Hage district.
Development of the place name
After the first mention as Berne or Berum in 1408, the current spelling has finally established itself since 1436. The name is interpreted as the dative plural of the Old Frisian word bēre, which means a shed.
Population development
Due to the designation of new building areas, the population rose sharply in the 1960s.
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1821 | 71 |
| 1848 | 130 |
| 1871 | 93 |
| 1885 | 69 |
| 1905 | 105 |
| 1925 | 79 |
| 1933 | 69 |
| 1939 | 96 (86) |
| 1946 | 440 |
| 1950 | 478 |
| 1956 | 292 |
| 1961 | 125 |
| 1970 | 250 |
| 1972 | 260 |
coat of arms
Description of the coat of arms of the former municipality of Berum:
In the shield, divided by black and silver, a growing golden harpy, whose crowned head is accompanied by two golden six-pointed stars, below a red tinned tower.
Culture and sights
- The Berum Castle was first mentioned in the 1310th When exactly it was built is still unknown. Today the facility is privately owned and serves as a guest house, where, for example, Federal President Horst Köhler spent his summer vacation in the summer of 2006 .
- The Nordeck Castle on the Berumer avenue was in the years 1862 to 1864 in the style of historicism built. On May 18, 1949, the castle burned down to the ground. The building was then rebuilt in a modified form.
Personalities
- Edo Friedrich Peterssen (1827–1900), landowner, brandy distiller and member of the German Reichstag .
- Carl-Edzard Schelten-Peterssen (1921–1995), businessman and farmer, German politician ( CDU ), from 1963 to 1982, with one interruption, member of the Lower Saxony state parliament .
literature
- Karl Leiner: Panorama North District . Self-published district of Norden , Norden 1972, p. 49 ff .
- Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 290 .
Web links
- Old photos from Berum, Berumbur and Holzdorf
Individual evidence
- ^ Eberhard Rack: Small regional studies of Ostfriesland. Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 1998, ISBN 3-89598-534-1 , p. 94.
- ↑ a b c d e Working group of the local chronicles of the East Frisian landscape : Berum, Samtgemeinde Hage, district Aurich (PDF; 1.3 MB), accessed on December 7, 2011.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 264 .
- ↑ A harpye is a winged hybrid creature from Greek mythology .
- ^ Karl Leiner: Panorama district north. Self-published by Landkreis Norden, Norden 1972, p. 49.