Braunshorn Castle

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Braunshorn Castle
Braunshorn Castle, view from the southwest. In the foreground and on the lower left edge of the picture the low wall partially encircling the hill can be seen.

Braunshorn Castle, view from the southwest. In the foreground and on the lower left edge of the picture the low wall partially encircling the hill can be seen.

Alternative name (s): Braunshorn old castle
Creation time : around 1090
Castle type : Niederungsburg, moth
Conservation status: Burgstall, earthworks
Standing position : Barons
Place: Braunshorn
Geographical location 50 ° 5 '27.4 "  N , 7 ° 30' 53.8"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '27.4 "  N , 7 ° 30' 53.8"  E
Height: 472  m above sea level NHN
Braunshorn Castle (Rhineland-Palatinate)
Braunshorn Castle

The castle Brown Horn , also Alteburg Brown Horn called, is an Outbound Turmhügelburg (Motte) in the local area of the municipality Brown Horn in the Rhein-Hunsrück in Rhineland-Palatinate . It is regarded as the headquarters of the Barons von Braunshorn .

history

Braunshorn Castle is a moth enclosure that cannot be reliably dated in the center of the Braunshorn community. The family of the Barons von Braunshorn was first mentioned in 1098 with Gundolph. Therefore, it is assumed that the castle was built in the second half of the 11th century.

After the Braunshorn family moved to Beilstein on the Moselle in 1268 , Braunshorn Castle was sold to Count Palatine Ludwig in 1273 by Johann I von Braunshorn and Gerhard von Wildenberg , who thereby gained a base in his dispute with Kurtrier .

As early as 1314, his successor Ludwig the Bavarian had to pledge Braunshorn Castle to King John of Bohemia and Archbishop Baldwin of Trier to repay the costs associated with the election of a king . With the death of Baldwin, the former ancestral castle of the Braunshorns fell back to the Count Palatine , and it remained in their possession.

It is not known when the castle was abandoned. In 1787 foundation walls were still visible, which in 1857 were barely recognizable.

investment

The current system is a rectangular mound with a diameter of around 20 meters and a height of 3.4 to 4 meters. A low wall residue (height: approx. 1.50) that partially encircles the hill can be seen. However, it is not known whether this was added later.

A British aerial reconnaissance aerial photo shows the state in the 1940s. This aerial photo, which is believed to be in the possession of the University of London , cannot be viewed.

In the immediate vicinity is a house built in the middle of the 20th century. The hill was included in its construction and probably partially removed. An inspection is not possible because the area is protected by a high fence.

Since no archaeological investigations of the castle hill have been carried out to date , it is difficult to make a definitive statement about the structure of the fortifications and the associated buildings. Presumably a tower-like building stood on the castle hill, which was difficult to reach in the swampy terrain and which was also protected by a wall with a palisade and a water-bearing ditch .

Braunshorn Castle, view from the northeast. The castle hill (right) runs out to the left into a low wall. In the background on the left a part of the house built in the 1950s can be seen, in the foreground the fence bordering the area.

Finds

In 1936 two pottery shards were picked up in the area of ​​the castle hill , which are now kept in the storeroom of the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn . A shard of wall was identified as modern by its interior glaze . The second wall shard is a yellow earthenware with protruding emaciation on the surface . Because of this, this could be Pingsdorf goods , but the characteristic reddish painting is missing. A date in the 11th / 12th Century is not possible with complete certainty.

literature

  • Elmar Rettinger: Historical local dictionary of Rhineland-Palatinate . Volume 2: Former district of St. Goar, keyword Braunshorn ( PDF ; 41.5 kB).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinrich Beyer : Document book for the history of the Middle Rhine territories, now the Prussian administrative districts of Coblenz and Trier . I (-1169). Koblenz 1860, p. 451 ( full text in Google Book Search).
  2. ^ Johannes Mötsch : Regesten of the archive of the counts of Sponheim . tape 1 (1065-1370) . Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz, Koblenz 1987, ISBN 3-922018-56-4 , p. 89 ff . ( Publications of the State Archives Administration Rhineland-Palatinate . Volume 41 . )
  3. ^ A b c Reinhard Friedrich: Settlement studies on a group of castle hills in the Hunsrück . In: Interdisciplinary studies on European castle research, Festschrift for Horst Wolfgang Böhme on his 65th birthday, part 2 . Braubach 2005, ISBN 3-927558-24-9 , p. 56 f . ( Publications of the German Castle Association . Series A: Research, Volume 9 . )
  4. ^ Johann Goswin Widder : Attempt of a complete geographical-historical description of the electoral prince. Palatinate on the Rhine . tape III . Frankfurt and Leipzig 1787, p. 490 ff . ( Full text in Google Book Search).
  5. ↑ Christian von Stramberg : Memorable and useful antiquarian, who represents the most important and pleasant geographical, historical and political peculiarities of the entire Rhine river, from its outflow into the sea to its origin . Division II, volume 6 . Koblenz 1857, p. 9 ( full text in Google book search).
  6. ↑ Note from Dr. H. Leifeld, Castle Symposium of the Friends of Bleidenberg, Oberfell , November 6, 2010.