Engelsberg Castle
| Engelsberg Castle | ||
|---|---|---|
| Alternative name (s): | Engelsberk, Sehrad, Sehradice, Tetov, Vala | |
| Creation time : | Late 13th century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Remnants of walls, ramparts and ditches | |
| Place: | Horní Lhota | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 9 '47 .9 " N , 17 ° 47' 52.5" E | |
| Height: | 551 m nm | |
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The castle Engelberg , as Engelsberk , Sehrad , Sehradice , Tetov and Vala called, was located above the village of Horni Lhota on the Komonetzkamm the Vizovická highlands in the Czech Republic.
geography
The remains of the hill fort are located one kilometer north of Horní Lhota in the Komonetz forest on the right-hand side above the valley of the Olše brook on the Sehrad (551 m) on a rugged rock spur. The Homole (536 m) rises to the east, the Komonec (672 m) to the southwest, the Hvězda (655 m) to the west and the Slavický Kopec (621 m) to the northwest. Surrounding villages are Zádveřice in the north, Vizovice in the northeast, Loučka in the east, Slopné and Sehradice in the southeast, Horní Lhota in the south, Podhradí in the southwest and Provodov in the west.
history
Engelsberg Castle was built in the last third of the 13th century by the Olomouc bishop Bruno von Schauenburg to protect the Slavičín district against incursions by the Hungarians and Tartars. The first owners of the Mannslehn were the Lords of Engelsberg. After Engelsberg was captured by Hungarian rebels, probably at the beginning of the 14th century, the fortifications on the ridge were expanded and Engelsberg, together with the Světlov and Rýsov castles, formed a link in a series of guard castles . The Czech name Sehradice was first used in the mid-14th century under the episcopal feudal men Ješek and Stašek . Further owners at the transition from the 14th to the 15th century were the lords of Cimburg . During the Hussite Wars , the owners Miroslav and Jan Balšan von Cimburg were notorious as robber barons . In 1440 the mercenary captain Petr Nebojsa , who was in the service of the Hungarian knight Pankraz von Svätý Mikuláš , was enfeoffed with Engelsberg / Sehradice . A little later, Pankraz von Svätý Mikuláš took possession of the fief itself. The castles Engelsberg and Světlov served him as a starting point for raids. After the robber baron became a nuisance, the Moravian estates bought both castles in 1449 and sold them to Burian von Vlčnov and Zich von Lipina. The latter died soon afterwards, and with the approval of the episcopate Burian's son Jiřík von Vlčnov inherited his property. The fief of Engelsberg included the villages of Sehradice, Nevšová, Horní Lhota, Dolní Lhota , Rudimov , Krátká and Vasily at that time . During the power struggle between Georg von Podiebrad and Matthias Corvinus , the castles Světlov and Engelsberg were destroyed. In 1474 Jiřík von Vlčnov sold the fief of Engelsberg and the allodial rule of Světlov to Ctibor von Landstein . Ctibor had the Nový Světlov Castle built between 1480 and 1500 near Bojkovice as the new manor . After the destruction of Engelsberg Castle, the center of the feud was the Vasilsko court, after which it was henceforth called the Vasilsko feudal estate . In 1518 Engelsberg / Sehradice was first described as desolate. Subsequently, the desert castles Starý Světlov and Engelsberg began to be demolished as building material.
In 1563 Friedrich Tettauer von Tettau acquired the desert Engelsberg Castle with the rule of Světlov. During the three generations of the Tettau rulers, the popular name Tetov for the desolate castle emerged for incomprehensible reasons . In the 18th century, the original name Engelsberg , as well as the later Czech Sehradice, were completely forgotten, and their remains were referred to as Vala . This led to the fact that the location of Engelsberg Castle was assumed to be near Slavičín or Sehradice until the 20th century. In 1928 the castle researcher František Ignác was able to identify Červinka Vala with Engelsberg and describe the remains of the castle in detail.
Structural systems
Engelsberg was a mighty double castle complex, the two parts of which were connected by a bridge over a deep trench . The castle, which was additionally protected by additional fortifications, was inaccessible from the east and south. The defense system also included a pond next to the castle.
The moats and ramparts of the outer bailey as well as parts of the foundation walls and a rubble mound in place of the keep are preserved . The pond belonging to the fortification is also preserved.