Hermülheim Castle

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Hermülheim Castle
Hermühlheim Castle from drawing by Matthias Ehmanns (1762)

Hermühlheim Castle from drawing by Matthias Ehmanns (1762)

Creation time : around 1166
Castle type : Niederungsburg, outskirts
Conservation status: Gate to the castle grounds, remains of the wall
Standing position : Ministeriale
Place: Hürth - Hermülheim
Geographical location 50 ° 52 '58.1 "  N , 6 ° 52' 46.4"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 52 '58.1 "  N , 6 ° 52' 46.4"  E
Hermülheim Castle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Hermülheim Castle

The castle Hermülheim was a medieval , two-piece Wasserburg in the district Hermülheim the city Huerth in Rhein-Erft in Cologne .

location

The village of Hermülheim arose on the former Roman aqueduct leading from the Eifel to Cologne and the later artificial watercourse of the Duffesbach .

The castle was located at the collecting point of the predecessor water pipes , which led the springs taken by the Romans at the nearby Villerand , the Roman water pipes in Hürth , together with the later Eifel water pipe in the Roman Cologne . The collection point has not yet been proven.

history

To protect the collection point and the management there were probably landlords with special rights. After the pipe fell into disrepair, a mill was built at the exit of the Hürther valley, from which most of the water came, after which the settlement between the mill and the castle was named. The lords of the castle were named after the place name, de Molenhem / de Mulenheim , von Rizemolheim / von Richemülnheim. A document mentioned in 1166 was Rizo de Mulenheim, who was Ministeriale of the Archbishop of Cologne .

The Teutonic Order acquired the glory Hermülheim with the castle from the son of the knight Wilhelm von Richzemulenheim, Dietrich von Richzemulenheim, in exchange for a Hof zu Erp in 1256 .
The farm and its buildings were exchanged, along with the tithe with the church , a pension, 271 acres of arable land, 50 acres of forest, 4 acres of vineyards, a fish pond with meadows and the jurisdiction of Richzemulenheim's property in the village. Like Cologne, Hermülheim was part of the Deutschherrenhaus Koblenz . The new landlords gave the place the name Herrenmülheim , later Hermülheim.

The castle and its outbuildings were destroyed and rebuilt several times. The castle was damaged after an attack by Berg troops in 1416 (at the time of Duke Adolf's reign ). In 1447 the house was restored after a fire. Around 1498 the barn and house burned again. At times the seven-storey tower of the castle must have served as a granary.

Under the last temporarily resident of the Order Comtur, Ignaz Felix von Roll , a confidante of the Order Master Clemens August , who often resided in the nearby Brühl Castle , the building was converted into a three-storey mansion after 1762 in order to be used as a summer residence for the Comturs of the Ordens- Ballei Koblenz serve.

In 1802, as part of the secularization, the French domain administration took over the castle as a former spiritual property. The French Senate used the Hermülheimer Burghof as a reward for special services by members of the Legion of Honor . Around 1810, Marshal Louis-Alexandre Berthier , Prince of Wagram, came into possession of the castle, from whom Johann Phillipp Heimann from Cologne bought it in 1818, who sold it to Josef Honnecker four years later in 1822. Honnecker sold it in 1834 to Everhard von Groote , whose sister lived in Kendenich Castle . Von Groote rebuilt the castle house, which had probably been destroyed in the coalition wars, and which was then inhabited until 1959.

The castle disintegrated after the Second World War and in 1955 the von Groote family exchanged it for lands belonging to the Bell / Horbell estate, located between Sielsdorf and Marsdorf, owned by the Hürth community. In 1964 the courtyard was demolished by the municipality of Hürth. The castle was demolished by a controlled fire. Firefighters had previously distributed hay bales in the castle and then set them on fire. The archway, which is now a listed building, has been preserved.

investment

An ideal prerequisite for the construction of a moated castle was most likely a swamp or pond north of the still existing castle island as well as the building material of the dilapidated Roman buildings and water pipes.

The original building was a stately knight's castle, which, like the subsequent castle buildings, was surrounded by a wide moat. At the castle there were extensive farm buildings in order to manage the real estate in the Hermülheim district of 583 acres of land, 180 acres of bush and a further 33 acres of meadows near Balkhausen , Lindlar and Türnich . In 1664, the castle was referred to in a list of goods as the “clock-old knightly order house and castle”.

  • to the castle grounds (monument protection)

  • Hermülheim Burgpark, preserved archway (back)

  • Huerth-Hermuelheim-Burgpark-013.JPG

  • Coat of arms stone of the order (around 1760), today at the rectory

literature

  • Frank Kretzschmar: Hürth, Hermülheim Castle . In: Oberkreisdirektor des Erftkreises (Hrsg.): Kulturregion Erftkreis - Loss of a monument landscape . Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1991, ISBN 3-7927-1228-8 , p. 60 ff .
  • Elmar Brohl : The acquisition of Hermülheim in 1256 . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): Hermülheim and the German Order . 1975, OCLC 5510308 , pp. 20th ff .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Manfred Faust: Middle Ages and early modern times; Hermulheim . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): History of the city of Hürth . JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2282-7 , p. 29 .
  2. ↑ Manfred Faust: Middle Ages and early modern times; Hermulheim . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): History of the city of Hürth . JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2282-7 , p. 30 .
  3. ↑ a b Clemens Klug: Hermülheim, seat of the German rulers . In: Heimatverein der Gemeinde Hürth (Hrsg.): Hürth as it was, as it was . Robert Steimel Verlag, Cologne-Zollstock 1961, p. 64 .
  4. ^ Elmar Brohl: The certificate of acquisition . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): Hermülheim and the German Order . 1975, OCLC 5510308 , pp. 21 .
  5. ↑ Elmar Brohl: The acquisition of Hermülheim in 1256 . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): Hermülheim and the German Order . 1975, OCLC 5510308 , pp. 20th ff .
  6. ↑ a b Elmar Brohl: The castle . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): Hermülheim and the German Order . 1975, OCLC 5510308 , pp. 126 ff .
  7. ↑ a b c d e Clemens Klug: Hermülheim, seat of the German rulers . In: Heimatverein der Gemeinde Hürth (Hrsg.): Hürth as it was, as it was . Robert Steimel Verlag, Cologne-Zollstock 1961, p. 65 .
  8. ↑ a b Clemens Klug: The secularization introduced a significant land reform . In: Catholic parish of St. Severin Hermülheim (ed.): A thousand years of St. Severin in Hermülheim . Book and Offset printing Franz Paffenholz, Bornheim 1984, p. 60 .
  9. ↑ a b Manfred Faust: Middle Ages and early modern times; Hermulheim . In: Heimat- und Kulturverein Hürth (Hrsg.): History of the city of Hürth . JP Bachem Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-7616-2282-7 , p. 31 .
  10. ↑ Military men practiced at the burning castle. In: Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger . January 9, 2014, accessed February 12, 2014.
  11. ↑ 1964: How Hürth torched his order castle. burgerbe.de