Neukastel Castle
| Neukastel Castle | ||
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 Stairs to Neukastel Castle |
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| Alternative name (s): | Neukastell, Nicastel | |
| Creation time : | 1100 to 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Wall remains | |
| Standing position : | Nobles, ministerials | |
| Place: | Leinsweiler | |
| Geographical location | 49 ° 11 ′ 20 " N , 8 ° 0 ′ 55" E | |
| Height: | 459 m above sea level NHN | |
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The castle Neukastel , sometimes Neukastell or Nicastel called, is the residue of a Palatine hill fort from the 12th century in the district of Southern Wine Route in Rhineland-Palatinate .
geography
The castle stands 459 m above the community of Leinsweiler on the eastern foothills of the Föhrlenberg on the eastern edge of the Wasgau .
history
middle Ages
The castle, which was probably built by the Salians , was first mentioned in a document in 1123 in connection with Heinrich von Neukastel. The name means new castle and probably refers to the fact that the building was built as a replacement or supplement for an older object.
In 1246, together with the imperial regalia at the neighboring Trifels Castle, the castle was handed over to King Conrad IV by Isengard, the wife of the imperial chef Philip I. von Falkenstein . Since then Neukastel has acted as an imperial castle to help protect the Trifels. 1252 or 1253, Louis appointed by Schüpf which since 1232 proconsul in Speyergau was, after the castle.
In 1307 Nikolaus von Speyer received the castle as a fief . In 1309 King Heinrich VII handed over the castle and the bailiwick in Speyergau to Count Georg I von Veldenz . In return, he had to invest 1200 pounds of Heller from the Jewish tax in Landau and from customs in Germersheim in the Trifels and Neukastel castles.
In 1330, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian pledged the castle along with numerous other objects for 6,000 marks silver to the Count Palatine Rudolf II and Ruprecht I. In 1353 the castle was divided as an imperial fief within the Count Palatine family and pledged.
When the official residence of the Palatinate was divided in 1410, the castle was finally added to Duke Stephan , the founder of the Pfalz-Zweibrücken line .
Modern times
During the Peasants' War in 1525, the castle was severely damaged. In the following period it was partially rebuilt by the dukes of Pfalz-Zweibrücken. The castle was to be provided with a new roundabout for guns, but the construction project was not carried out. In 1555 the senior office was transferred from Neukastel Castle to Bergzabern Castle .
The castle also suffered considerable damage in the Thirty Years' War from 1618 to 1648. In 1689 it was finally destroyed by French troops in the Palatinate War of Succession .
The castle has been in ruins since then . Remains of an upper castle with a viewing platform on a sandstone rock and remains of a lower castle with a rock cave and neck ditch have been preserved . There are only a few remains of the wall.
In 1828 the Neukasteler Hof, located at the foot of the mountain, as Maierhof, the former farm yard of the castle, which had also been destroyed in 1689, was rebuilt on the existing foundations as an estate. Slevogthof Neukastel still stands on this property today .
literature
- Arndt Hartung: Palatinate castle district. 6th edition. Hartung, Ludwigshafen 1985, ISBN 3-9801043-0-3 .
- Günter Stein : Castles and palaces in the Palatinate. Weidlich, Frankfurt am Main 1976, ISBN 3-8035-8356-X .
- Alexander Thon, Hans Reither, Peter Pohlit: "... like a banned, inaccessible magic castle" - castles of the southern Palatinate. 2nd Edition. Schnell und Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2005, ISBN 3-7954-1570-5 .
- Rolf Übel : On the history and structure of Neukastel Castle near Leinsweiler in the early modern period . In: Kaiserslauter Yearbook for Palatinate History and Folklore. 2002/2003, pp. 411-438.
- Franz Wittkowski: Description of the building of the former Reichsburg Neukastel . In: Leinsweiler ... where the Palatinate is most beautiful. Leinsweiler 2006, ISBN 3-9811374-0-X , pp. 70-82.
Web links
- Entry on Neukastel Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Pictures of Neukastel Castle on Burgenparadies.de