Butidae

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Butidae
Marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata)

Marble goby ( Oxyeleotris marmorata )

Systematics
Sub-cohort : Neoteleostei
Acanthomorphata
Spinefish (Acanthopterygii)
Perch relatives (Percomorphaceae)
Order : Gobies (Gobiiformes)
Family : Butidae
Scientific name
Butidae
Bleeker , 1874

The Butidae are a family of the goby-like (Gobiiformes). They live in fresh and brackish water , on the coasts of the tropical Indo-Pacific and East Africa . Especially in New Guinea and Australia there are also far inland, non-migrating freshwater inhabitants.

features

The Butidae have a more or less elongated body with a broad head. Most species are brownish in color, some are very flattened. Bentisch, species living on the water floor have a rather compact or cylindrical body, species living in open water are more flattened laterally. The eyes are wide apart on the top of the head, the mouth is terminal. The pelvic fins have not grown together, the two dorsal fins are separated from each other. The first has two to ten hard rays (usually six) and is no higher than the second. The Butidae mostly have ctenoid scales . The swim bladder is well developed in most species so that the animals can float in the water. The sensory channels on the head are little regressed with a maximum of 17 pores on each side. The number of Branchiostegal rays is six. With lengths of up to 60 centimeters, some Butidae reach considerable sizes for gobies . The average length is 10 to 25 cm, which is considerably longer than that of the gobies (Gobiidae) and Oxudercidae . In some Butidae there is also dwarfism (genus Kribia , "Oxyeleotris" nullipora ).

Way of life

The Butidae are predatory fish that are nocturnal and / or live hidden between aquatic plants or under overhanging bank vegetation.

External system

The Butidae were originally assigned to the sleeper gobies (Eleotridae) as the subfamily Butinae , but phylogenetic studies have shown that they are the sister group of a clade to which the real gobies (Gobiidae) and the Oxudercidae belong. A group from Eleotridae and Butinae is therefore paraphyletic and the latter have therefore recently been placed in the family rank. The likely family relationships are shown in the following cladogram .

  Gobiiformes   

 basal families of gobies


   

 Sleeper gobies (Eleotridae)


   

 Butidae


   

 Oxudercidae


   

 Gobies (Gobiidae)


   

 Thalasseleotrididae







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Genera and species

Bostrychus sinensis
Butis humeralis
Butis koilomatodon

literature

  • Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World , John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
  • Christine Thacker: Systematics of Butidae and Eleotridae. in Robert Patzner, James L. Van Tassell, Marcelo Kovacic: The Biology of Gobies. Science Publishers, 2011, ISBN 1-57808-436-9 .
  • Hans Horsthemke: Some sleeper gobies from the subfamily Butinae. In: DATZ . Volume 46, 1993, pp. 242-249.
  • Hans Horsthemke: Butinae. Multi-pore sleeper gobies and Oxyeleotris Bleeker, 1874. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (ed.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 181 f. and 734.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kribia on Fishbase.org (English)
  2. ↑ Oxyeleotris nullipora on Fishbase.org (English)
  3. ↑ a b Christine Thacker & Michael A. Hardman: Molecular phylogeny of basal gobioid fishes: Rhyacichthyidae, Odontobutidae, Xenisthmidae, Eleotridae (Teleostei: Perciformes: Gobioidei) . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 37, Issue 3, December 2005, Pages 858-871 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2005.05.004
  4. ↑ Christine E. Thacker : Phylogeny of Gobioidei and Placement within Acanthomorpha, with a New Classification and Investigation of Diversification and Character Evolution. Copeia 2009 (1): 93-104. 2009 doi : 10.1643 / CI-08-004

Web links