Carl Gustav Roos

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Baron Carl Gustaf Roos from the noble family Roos (* 25. December 1655 in Vastergotland , † on the way home after the Russian prisoner of war , buried in 1722 in Turku ) was a Swedish baron and last major general of the Swedish army.

family

Carl Gustav Roos was during the Polish campaign in 1705 by King Karl XII. the baron was granted.

His son was Axel Erik Roos , a Swedish lieutenant general and governor.

Military background

Karl Gustav Roos began his military service in 1674 as an ensign in the army of the Habsburg emperor. A year after joining the army, he was promoted to lieutenant . He took part in the battle of Trier and the siege of Philippsburg in 1676.

Roos returned to Sweden in 1677. He also received the rank of lieutenant in the Swedish army and was assigned to the Bohusläns Dragoons Regiment . In 1678 he was promoted to major and transferred to the Skaraborgs Infantry Regiment . After eight years in this regiment, Roos was promoted to lieutenant colonel and transferred to Erik Soop's regiment in Riga .

At the beginning of the Great Northern War , Roos was still in Riga and in 1700 marched with the Swedish army under the command of the young Swedish King Charles XII. Towards Narva. In the Battle of Narva , Roos distinguished himself for his boldness and leadership and was subsequently promoted to colonel .

In 1706 Roos was promoted to major general and a year later he was given command of the Närke-Värmlandö regiment . In that year his son also joined this regiment as an ensign.

On August 31, 1708, he commanded the advance guard of the Swedish army in the battle of Moljatitschi . The Swedish army was at this point on the advance from Mogilev to Smolensk . Taking advantage of the fact that the main part of the Swedish army had fallen relatively far behind the vanguard, Tsar Peter the Great gave Golitsyn the order to attack them in the morning mist. The Russians were able to move up to the advance guard unnoticed and surprise them with heavy fire.

The Roos troops suffered heavy losses and withdrew. The swampy landscape prevented the Russians from pursuing them. Also, the Russian cavalry under Menshikov could not cut off the Swedes' route of retreat. It was not until the arrival of the main forces of the Swedes together with King Charles XII. saved Roos and his troops from total annihilation.

On June 27, 1709 Roos took part in the Battle of Poltava . In the absence of other orders, Major General Roos remained at the entrenchments near Poltava at the start of the battle. This cut him off from the main army. Together with the units of General Schlippenbach , which had also lost contact with the main army, they were attacked by the troops of the Russian General Menshikov and pushed back into a forest near Poltava. Roos withdrew with his troops (four squadrons of cavalry) behind some entrenchments, but after a short battle had to surrender to the Russian Lieutenant General Renzel. He was taken to Moscow with the other prisoners and spent the next twelve years in captivity.

After the signing of the Nystad Peace Treaty , Roos was released in 1721. He died on the way home to Sweden and was buried in Turku.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Knut Lundblad: History of Karl the Twelfth, King of Sweden . Volume 2. Hamburg (1840), p. 130
personal data
SURNAME Roos, Carl Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Roos, Baron Carl Gustav (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish baron and general of the Swedish infantry
DATE OF BIRTH December 25, 1655
PLACE OF BIRTH Västergötland
DATE OF DEATH 1721