Carmustine

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Structural formula
Structural formula of carmustine
General
Non-proprietary name Carmustine
other names
  • 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl) -1-nitrosourea
  • BCNU
Molecular formula C 5 H 9 Cl 2 N 3 O 2
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 154-93-8
EC number 205-838-2
ECHA InfoCard 100.005.309
PubChem 2578
DrugBank DB00262
Wikidata Q415869
Drug information
ATC code

L01 AD01

Drug class

Cytostatic

properties
Molar mass 214,05 g · mol -1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

30 ° C

safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
06 - Toxic or very toxic 08 - Dangerous to health

danger

H and P phrases H: 300-350-360
P: 201-264-301 + 310-308 + 313
Toxicological data

19 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  mouse ,  oral )

As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Carmustine (also B is- C hlorethyl- N itroso- U rea, abbreviated to BCNU ) is a cytostatic effective drug , the specific in the treatment of severe, advanced cancers is used. Because of its strong side effects, carmustine has very limited uses. The German Society for Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO) judges carmustine to be irreplaceable for preparing patients for a stem cell transplant .

Chemical classification

Chemically, the substance belongs to the group of nitrosoureas , whose effect against cancer cells is based on the alkylation of nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) ( alkylating agents ).

Pricing policy

After the original manufacturer sold the approval of the carmustine preparation Carmubris to the Indian company Emcure Pharmaceuticals in 2013 and ceased sales in Germany in 2014, the new license holder's agent is imported for the German market via its sales company. The price of the drug multiplied. While 100 milligrams cost 35 euros in 2013, the price rose forty-fold by 2018 to 1,400 euros.

See also

Commercial preparations

Carmubris (A), Gliadel (D, A)

In July 2018, the first generic carmustine was approved in the EU for the treatment of brain tumors ( glioblastoma , brainstem glioma , medulloblastoma , astrocytoma and ependymoma ), brain metastases and second therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin's disease .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c data sheet carmustine from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 15, 2011 ( PDF ).Template: Sigma-Aldrich / name not given
  2. ^ Entry on carmustine. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 14, 2014.
  3. ↑ Only one manufacturer worldwide and now a dramatic increase in the price of cancer drugs , DGHO press release on January 30, 2015.
  4. ↑ Birgit Augustin: Sharp rise in the price of cancer drugs | Plus minus. June 27, 2018, archived from the original on June 27, 2018 ; accessed on June 27, 2018 (German).
  5. ↑ carmustine Obvius on the side of the European Medicines Agency. Retrieved December 9, 2018.