Nimustin

Structural formula
General
Non-proprietary name	Nimustin
other names	ACNU; 1 - [(4-Amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl) methyl] -3- (2-chloroethyl) -3-nitrosourea;
Molecular formula	C 9 H 13 ClN 6 O 2
External identifiers / databases
EC number	255-838-1
ECHA InfoCard	100.050.744
PubChem	39214
ChemSpider	35876
DrugBank	DB13069
Wikidata	Q907623
Drug information
ATC code	L01 AD06
Drug class	Cytostatic
properties
Molar mass	272.69 g · mol -1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	125 ° C
safety instructions
	Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Hydrochloride; danger
H and P phrases	H: 301
	P: 301 + 310
Toxicological data	113 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 , rat , oral )
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Nimustine is a cytostatic from the groups of alkylating agents and nitrosoureas .

Manufacturing

The synthesis of nimustine starts with 2-chloroethyl isocyanate and reacts with 4-amino-5-aminomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine to give the urea derivative , which is nitrosated with hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite .

pharmacology

effect

Nimustine chemically changes the structures of DNA and in this way prevents cells from dividing .

application

Nimustine is used as a drug in the fight against cancer . As is common with other nitrosoureas, nimustine crosses the blood-brain barrier and is therefore particularly suitable for the treatment of brain tumors .

The big advantage over other nitrosoureas is that it doesn't damage the lungs .

Side effects

Vomiting and diarrhea
delayed bone marrow damage
Inflammation of the mucous membranes

Individual evidence

^ The Merck Index . An Encyclopaedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals . 14th edition, 2006, p. 1134, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Data sheet Nimustine hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 16, 2011 ( PDF ).
^ Axel Kleemann , Jürgen Engel, Bernd Kutscher and Dietmar Reichert: Pharmaceutical Substances , 4th edition (2000) p. 1447, 2 volumes published by Thieme-Verlag Stuttgart, ISBN 978-1-58890-031-9 ; online since 2003 with biannual additions and updates.

Trade names

ACNU (CH, D), Nidran (J)

[MerckIndex-1] The Merck Index . An Encyclopaedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals . 14th edition, 2006, p. 1134, ISBN 978-0-911910-00-1 .

[sigma-2] Data sheet Nimustine hydrochloride from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on April 16, 2011 ( PDF ).

[A._Kleemann-3] Axel Kleemann , Jürgen Engel, Bernd Kutscher and Dietmar Reichert: Pharmaceutical Substances , 4th edition (2000) p. 1447, 2 volumes published by Thieme-Verlag Stuttgart, ISBN 978-1-58890-031-9 ; online since 2003 with biannual additions and updates.