Casimirianum Neustadt
| Casimirianum Neustadt | |
|---|---|
 Casimirianum in Neustadt |
|
| Data | |
| place | Neustadt an der Weinstrasse |
| Client | Count Palatine Johann Casimir |
| Architectural style | mostly renaissance |
| Construction year | before 1578 |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 21 '12.8 " N , 8 ° 8' 3.5" E |
| particularities | |
| 1578/79 renovation and expansion of part of the former Augustinian monastery | |
The Casimirianum in Neustadt an der Haardt in the Palatinate (today Neustadt an der Weinstrasse , Rhineland-Palatinate ) was a Calvinist university founded in 1578 by Count Palatine Johann Casimir and named after him. The Casimirianum only existed for five years. Today the name is used for the restored historic building, which is a listed building.
The Casimirianum Coburg , a traditional grammar school in Coburg in northern Bavaria , bears the same name, which is derived from a different prince .
Geographical location
The Casimirianum Neustadt is located in the northwest of the city center to the left of the Speyerbach and directly above the Floßbach branch. The Marienkirche , the collegiate church and the market square are nearby .
history
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After the death of the Calvinist Elector Friedrich III. (1576) continued his son and successor Ludwig VI. uncompromisingly through the Lutheran creed in his domain . All professors and students at the University of Heidelberg were forced to sign the formula of concord , which was finally adopted in 1577 at the Berge monastery , with which they renounced the Reformed creed .
As an alternative university for those who refused to sign and therefore had to leave Heidelberg , the Count Palatine Johann Casimir, who - in contrast to his electoral older brother Ludwig VI. - belonged to the Reformed Church, the Casimirianum.
It was 1578/79 by reconstruction and expansion of the white cell in the former convent of the Augustinian furnished and contains elements of Gothic and Renaissance . The university was preceded by a special school and a pedagogy (also called grammar school illustrious ) to prepare for the course .
The university stayed in Neustadt for only a few years; The teaching operations were relocated back to Heidelberg in 1583/84 under Elector Friedrich IV , who was not yet of legal age and for whom his uncle Johann Casimir acted as administrator.
Pedagogy
The pedagogy was able to stay in Neustadt for more than 200 years. Although the building of the Casimirianum went up in flames during an attack by Swedish troops in 1635, during the Thirty Years' War , and was badly damaged, the pedagogy did not end until 1797/98, when French revolutionary troops conquered the Palatinate. Since 1759 only graduates of the schools in Heidelberg, Mannheim, Neustadt an der Haardt and Kreuznach have been admitted to university studies in the Electoral Palatinate.
During the subsequent French occupation of the Palatinate, an école secondaire was operated in the building from 1808 . At that time Neustadt belonged to the Donnersberg department as an annexed part of France . After Napoleon's defeat in the Battle of Waterloo (1815), the occupation ended. In 1816 the time of the Bavarian administration began; the École secondaire was dissolved.
Professors
For a few years the Casimirianum was one of the most important Calvinist universities in Europe, where numerous well-known scholars came together. They are included in the category of Neustadt university lecturers .
Zacharias Ursinus
Zacharias Ursinus (1534–1583), own Zacharias Baer , stands out from their ranks . With his colleague Caspar Olevian , he had published the Heidelberg Catechism in Heidelberg in 1563 , probably the most important confession of the Reformed Church in Germany. After the death of his patron Friedrich III. Ursinus found a new training center as a theologian in Neustadt at the Casimirianum . He began his activity on April 26, 1578 with a lecture on the prophet Isaiah . His last major work, the Admonitio Christiana , a sharp reckoning with the concord formula , appeared three years later . Ursinus died at the age of only 49 and was buried in the Neustadt collegiate church. The Casimirianum owes its fame at the time mainly to him.
David Pareus
The theologian David Pareus (1548–1622), who also moved from Heidelberg to the Casimirianum , his own name David Wängler , pupil and spiritual heir of Zacharias Ursinus, published the Neustadt Bible in 1587/88 . Based on Martin Luther's Latin translation , Pareus provided it with Reformed commentaries . The work was printed by the local printer, Matthäus Harnisch . A surviving copy of the 3rd edition (1594), also the only print in folio format, is on display in the City Museum Villa Böhm . In addition, from 1591 Pareus published the interpretations (in Latin) of the Heidelberg Catechism of his teacher Zacharias Ursinus. Pareus returned to the University of Heidelberg in 1598 and took over a professorship there, first for the Old Testament and then for the New Testament .
Pareus' son, the Latinist Johann Philipp Pareus (1576–1648) was Rector at the Pedagogy from 1610 to 1622 , the forerunner of today's Kurfürst-Ruprecht-Gymnasium in Neustadt.
Jakob Christmann
The orientalist Jakob Christmann (1554–1613), a converted Jew , initially studied Hebrew and Arabic in Heidelberg; because of the concord formula he had to continue his teaching at the Casimirianum in Neustadt. In 1582 he dedicated his Arabic grammar Alphabetum arabicum to the rector and the professors , which was apparently intended as a textbook for the students. In 1584 Christmann was able to return to Heidelberg as a professor of Hebrew, where Elector Friedrich IV appointed him rector of the university in 1602.
Todays situation
From the tradition of the Casimirianum, the Kurfürst-Ruprecht-Gymnasium , the oldest grammar school in the city, developed on the basis of a Latin school . The other grammar schools came into being more than a hundred years later.
After its restoration towards the end of the 20th century, the Casimirianum is now mainly used for cultural events.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Informational directory of cultural monuments. (PDF; 4.9 KB) District-free city of Neustadt an der Weinstrasse. General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate , June 24, 2019, accessed on November 29, 2019 .
- ^ Hermann Wiegand: The two-peaked Musenberg . Studies on humanism in the Electoral Palatinate. Ed .: Rhein-Neckar-Kreis (= historical writings . No. 2 ). Regional culture, Ubstadt-Weiher 2000, p. 170 .
- ↑ On the lecture mentioned and Ursinus' further teaching activities at the Casimirianum cf. Boris Wagner-Peterson: Doctrina schola vitae . Zacharias Ursinus (1534–1583) as an interpreter (= Refo500 Academic Studies 13 ). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-525-55055-7 .
- ↑ Boris Wagner-Peterson (ed.): Doctrina schola vitae . Zacharias Ursinus (1534-1583) as interpreter (= Refo500 Academic Studies 13 ). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2013, ISBN 978-3-525-55055-7 , pp. 361 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ 1300 to the end of the 16th century. In: neustadt.eu. City of Neustadt, accessed on January 13, 2014 .
- ^ Room 3. In: stadtmuseum-neustadt.de. Stadtmuseum Neustadt, accessed on January 14, 2014 .
- ↑ For the stated interpretations cf. Boris Wagner-Peterson: Zacharias Ursinus and “his” interpretation of the Heidelberg Catechism . In: Matthias Freudenberg and J. Marius J. Lange van Ravenswaay (eds.): History and effects of the Heidelberg Catechism . Neukirchen-Vluyn 2013, ISBN 978-3-7887-2738-3 , p. 86-109, esp. 94-98 .