Castrum Walinvels

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Castrum Walinvels
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Alternative name (s): Drachenburg, Krachenburg, Schlossgrube (castle or palas) ,
Waldenfels Castle, Altenfels Castle (watch tower)
Creation time : before the beginning of the 13th century
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Burgstall
Standing position : Monastery property, lower nobility, Franconian nobility
Construction: stone
Place: Tambach-Dietharz
Geographical location 50 ° 46 '29 "  N , 10 ° 38' 52.4"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 46 '29 "  N , 10 ° 38' 52.4"  E
Height: 563  m above sea level NHN
Castrum Walinvels (Thuringia)
Castrum Walinvels

The ruins of Castrum Walinvels , also called Burg Waldenfels or Burg Altenfels , are located in the district of the rural town of Tambach-Dietharz in the Gotha district in Thuringia .

description

According to a description from 1780, the Spornburg was on a free spur above the Schmalwasserbach ("a few stories above the ground" - that is, at a height of about 10 to 15 meters above the brook), which was exposed as a rock cone and only about 24 shoes or feet (about 7.5 meters) in diameter and could only be reached via a narrow path . This is probably what describes the watch tower . The Drachenburg or Schloss Drachenburg (now described as the Schlossgrube square ) is said to have been located just a few hundred meters northwest of Dietharz , which in later times was mixed with and equated with Walinvels . It is difficult today to assign the sparse documentary messages accordingly. The place of the Drachenburg is described as approx. 30 meters and very wide castle square, on which the actual castle was situated:

"It is therefore assumed that the Drachenburg was the house , but the Waldenfels was just a waiting room."

- Johann Georg August Galletti: History and Description of the Duchy of Gotha , Volume 3, Gotha 1780, p. 266

history

Around 1260 a knight Eckehard von Hochheim was named as Burgvogt on Castrum Walinvels , probably a customs and escort post, in front of the earlier mentioned Bühnenberg and near the Altenfels on the old trade route communis strata at the end of the Schmalwassergrund (today dammed by the Schmalwassertalsperre ). The watch tower on the Altenfels also belonged to the castle. The secular owners of the castle had a long quarrel with the Cistercians from the Georgenthal monastery . With the consent of the Thuringian landgraves , the monastery lords sold the castle and the watch tower in 1262 to the Counts of Henneberg in exchange for Henneberg goods (forest) around the monastery itself. The Hennebergers took over monastery debts of 60 marks to the disciples of Falkenstein and paid the monastery 53 marks for alms and salvation . In 1265 Bertold von Siebeleben was named as the Henneberg castle voigt .

The Hennebergers later gave the property to the Hersfeld monastery , from which it went to knight Heinrich von Meldingen as a fief in 1286 . The Meldinger had to live in the castle and had the right to open the monastery, Kurmainz and the Thuringian landgraves . For his appointment as castellanatus , he was granted 5 marks a year from the Arnstadt Mint , but a maximum of 50 marks for his equipment.

The mountain church of Dietharz was built from stones from the Drachenburg

As early as 1293 Heinrich von Meldingen sold the "Waldenfels Castle with the village Dietharz and Tambach" back to the Georgenthal monastery. As a fief-taker, that would only have been possible if the Meldingen had acquired the castle and villages as an allod in the seven years before . In 1299 the purchase of the Georgenthal monastery was confirmed by Landgrave Albrecht , in which he himself waived all rights. Before 1301, Ludolph and Herrmann von Stutterheim also ceded their, now unknown, rights to the castle, now known as the castle, to Albrecht, who gave them to the monastery again in 1301. In 1303 the monastery was finally owned. In 1354 the property is acquired by Landgrave Friedrich III. confirmed again. (P. 238) Later documentary reports are missing. Either at the time of the Reformation or at the latest during the Thirty Years' War , the castle was destroyed and not rebuilt. Their stones were probably used for the houses in the neighboring villages. In 1708 they were used to build the new church ( mountain church ) in Dietharz. The last remnants were only removed around 1880.

Others

The ruins of sometimes called robber barons designated, even Waldenfels on Falkenstein mentioned Burg testified to date, the 1,000-year history of the former Thuringian Forest village Dietharz . Eckehard von Hochheim's son, the theologian and philosopher Meister Eckhart (1260–1328), was probably born in the castle.

See also

literature

  • Johann Georg August Galletti: History and Description of the Duchy of Gotha , Volume 3, Gotha 1780.
  • Ludwig Bechstein: The legends from the early days of Thuringia, from Ohrdruf and the Inselberge (vol. 1) / The saga treasure and the legends of the Thuringian region (vol. 2) , Hildburghausen 1836, p. 73 ff.
  • Thomas Bienert: Medieval castles in Thuringia. 430 castles, castle ruins and fortifications, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000. 463 pages
  • Michael Köhler: Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . 2nd expanded and revised edition. Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2003, ISBN 3-910141-56-0 . 368 pages

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The name should come from the patron saint of the monastery, Saint George , who fought the dragon . Wrongly later written partly as Krachenburg .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Johann Georg August Galletti: History and Description of the Duchy of Gotha , Volume 3, Gotha 1780, p. 263 ff.
  3. ↑ a b Luise Gerbing : The field names of the Duchy of Gotha and the forest names of the Thuringian Forest between the Weinstrasse in the west and the Schorte (lock) in the east , Jena 1910, p. 472
  4. ↑ Meister Eckhart on the website www.tambach-dietharz.de
  5. ↑ August Trinius: Der Rennsteig [Rennsteig] 1889 and 1899: A hike on the ridge of the Thuringian Forest from the Werra to the Saale 1889 and 1899 , (published 1889/90 and 1899 by JCC Bruns) Reprint: Bad Langensalza 2011, Verlag Rockstuhl, ISBN 978-3-86777-318-8
  6. ↑ http://www.dietharz.de/Startseite.htm Retrieved December 8, 2014