Chajan

Name of Chajan
Horus name	Ineq-taui Jnq-t3w (j) Which includes the countries
Throne name	Seuser-en-Re S.wsr-n-Rˁ Den Re has strengthened
Proper name	Chajran / Chijaran Ḫy3n The one born or chosen in (month) Chijar ; best
Greek with  Manetho  ( Josephus ) with  Manetho  (Africanus)	Iannas , Janias Staan

Chajan , also Chijaran , Chajran or Chian , was an ancient Egyptian Hyksos king ( Pharaoh ) of the 15th Dynasty , who ruled in the Second Intermediate Period.

Regency

So far, this ruler was regarded as the predecessor of Apophis I and identified as Iannas des Manetho . The royal papyrus Turin gives the predecessor of Apophis 20 years (the name is lost there, it is only being reconstructed), but Manetho gives 50 years of reign. William Ward places Chajan at the beginning of the 15th Dynasty, Thomas Schneider , however, suggests an identity with King Apachnas . This latter identification - or at least an early dating - has been confirmed by recent finds. In Edfu there were seal impressions of the Chajan together with those of Sobekhotep IV , which indicate that both rulers ruled approximately at the same time. Chajan is thus one of the earliest Hyksos rulers and does not belong to the end of the Hyksos period, as previously assumed.

supporting documents

Lid made of alabaster from a pyxis with a cartridge of the Chajan

Lion with the name of Chajan

The name Heqa Chasut means "ruler of the foreign lands", from which the word Hyksos is derived and is known for this king of three cylinder seals and various scarabs . However, this title is never combined with the classic royal titles that are also used for Chajan. This may indicate that he was Heqa Chasut before he came to the throne.

In Auaris the remains of a palace were found with seal impressions that bear his name. The palace can perhaps be assigned to him. A fragment of a seated statue from the Middle Kingdom that was usurped by him was found in Bubastis . One of Gebelein derived granite block gave rise to the suspicion that he ruled in Upper Egypt. A basalt lion was in Baghdad bought the lid of an obsidian vessel in Knossos on Crete in a Mittelminoischen layer (MM III), with the inscription "The Good God Seuserenre, son of Re, Khyan" found. Another comes from Hattuša . On a stele from Auaris the ruler appears together with the eldest son of the king, Yanassi.

literature

• Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Egyptian Pharaohs. Volume I: Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty (3300-1069 BC). Bannerstone Press, London 2008, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9 , pp. 194-196.
• Jürgen von Beckerath : Investigations into the political history of the second interim period in Egypt (= Egyptological research. Volume 23). Augustin, Glückstadt 1964, pp. 271–72.
• KSB Ryholt : The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period (= Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications. Volume 20). Museum Tusculanum Press, Copenhagen 1997, ISBN 87-7289-421-0 , pp. 256, 383-85, file 14/4.
• Thomas Schneider : Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Albatros, Düsseldorf 2002, ISBN 3-491-96053-3 , p. 104.
• Thomas Schneider: The Relative Chronology of the Middle Kingdom and the Hyksos Period (Dyns. 12-17) . In: Erik Hornung, Rolf Krauss, David A. Warburton (eds.): Ancient Egyptian Chronology . (=  Handbook of Oriental studies. Section One. The Near and Middle East . Volume 83) . Brill, Leiden / Boston 2006, ISBN 978-90-04-11385-5 , pp. 168–196 ( online [accessed October 24, 2014]).

Web links

Commons : Chajan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

1. ↑ northwest Semitic, Thomas Schneider: Lexikon der Pharaonen. Düsseldorf 2002, p. 104.
2. ^ William Whiston: The new complete works of Josephus . Kregel Publications, Grand Rapids (Michigan) 1999, ISBN 0-8254-2924-2 , p. 942.
3. ^ W. Ward in: O. Tufnell: Scarabs and their Contribution to History in the Early Second Millennium BC Warminster 1984, p. 68, Figure 29.
4. ^ Thomas Schneider: Lexicon of the Pharaohs. Düsseldorf 2002, p. 104.
5. ↑ N. Moeller, G. Maround, N. Ayers: Discussion of Late Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period Early History and Chronology in relation to the Khayan Sealings from Tell Edfu. In: Egypt and Levant. Volume XXI, 2011, pp. 87-121.
6. ^ M. Bietak: A Hyksos Palace at Avaris. In: Egyptian Archeology. Volume 38, Spring 2011, pp. 38-41.
7. ↑ Inventory number of the Egyptian Museum Cairo : Kairo, CG 389.
8. ^ Inventory number of the British Museum (BM) London, Egyptian Artefact (EA) 987.
9. ↑ Arthur Evans : The Palace of Minos . tape 1 . Macmillan and Co., 1921, pp. 418-422 ( online [accessed October 14, 2014]).
10. ↑ Věra Klontza-Jaklová: dating disaster of Santorini. Brief summary of the current state of research and prevailing trends. www.academia.edu, p. 33 , accessed on January 2, 2013 . 
11. ↑ inventory number; Heraklion Archaeological Museum , 263.
12. ^ Eduard Meyer : History of antiquity . First section: The time of the great Egyptian power. 2nd Edition. Second volume. Cotta'sche Buchhandlung, Stuttgart / Berlin 1928, The time of the Hyksos rule, p. 43 ( online [accessed December 31, 2012]).
13. ↑ Erich Ebling, Bruno Meissner (Ed.): Reallexikon der Assyriologie . 4th volume. de Gruyter, Berlin 1975, ISBN 3-11-006772-2 , Hyksos, p. 538 ( online [accessed January 2, 2013]).
14. ↑ Inventory number of the Archaeological Museum Ankara: 19.513.
15. ↑ Manfred Bietak : A stele of the eldest prince of Hyksos Chajan. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute, Cairo Department. (MDAIK) No. 37, von Zabern, Mainz 1981, pp. 63-73.

predecessor	Office	successor
Apachnas	Pharaoh of Egypt 15th Dynasty	Apopi I.