Charles de Gaulle - Étoile (Paris Métro)

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Metro-M.svg Charles de Gaulle - Étoile
Metro de Paris - Ligne 2 - Charles de Gaulle - Etoile 07.jpg
Tariff zone 1
Line (s) 01Paris Metro 1.svg 02Paris Metro 2.svg 06Paris Metro 6.svg
place Paris VIII , XVI , XVII
opening September 1, 1900
Connected stations Charles de Gaulle - Étoile A.Paris RER A icon.svg
Station of Line 1 with orange tiles, March 2008
Station of line 2 with the MF 67 train departing in the direction of Nation , 2008
Single-track station on line 6
To the east of the station on line 6 (left) the operating track branches off to line 1
Access with Art Deco candelabra

Charles de Gaulle - Étoile is an underground transfer station of the Paris Métro . It is served by lines 1 , 2 and 6 and is the main transfer hub in the west of Paris . At the underground station linked Charles de Gaulle - Etoile can be used to train -like RER A are switched.

location

The metro station is located on the border of the 8th , 16th and 17th arrondissements of Paris . It is located under Place Charles-de-Gaulle , the station of Line 2 is also under Avenue de Wagram .

Surname

Until 1970 the subway station was only called "Étoile". The eponymous Place de l'Étoile (German: Sternplatz) was laid out between 1768 and 1774 on the site of the Colline du Roule and was initially also called Étoile de Chaillot. Twelve boulevards radiate out from there, including Avenue des Champs-Élysées , Avenue Foch , Avenue de Friedland and Avenue Kléber .

On February 21, 1970, the Place de l'Étoile was renamed Place Charles-de-Gaulle. The general and statesman Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970) led the resistance of Free France against the German occupation during World War II . From January 1959 to April 1969 he was French President .

Since the square is still mostly referred to as Place de l'Étoile, the subway station was given the double name Charles de Gaulle - Étoile.

history

Line 1 was opened on July 19, 1900 with the terminus Porte Maillot in the west and Porte de Vincennes in the east of the city. Their Étoile station was only put into operation later, on September 1, 1900, until then the trains went through without stopping. The station of line 6 followed on October 2, 1900. Line 2 (initially: Line 2 North) went into operation on December 13, 1900, and was the terminus for trains coming from Porte Dauphine until October 7, 1902 .

Line 6 was initially called Line 2 Sud and initially led to Trocadéro . On October 14, 1907, it became the southwest end section of line 5 (Étoile - Gare du Nord ). On October 6, 1942, the route was changed again, so that line 6 has been running at the station since then.

In 1906 the station of today's line 6 was rebuilt for the first time. The previously double-track station lost its southern track, which was not on a platform. In its place a platform was built for boarding passengers, from then on they got off at the northern platform ( Spanish solution ). In 1969 the remaining track was moved transversely and the function of the two platforms was reversed.

The station on Line 1 was extended from 75 m to 90 m in the 1960s and converted for traffic with rubber-tyred trains . In 2008, their orange tiles were replaced by white ones, and in 2010 their platforms were fitted with platform screen doors as part of the introduction of driverless operation .

In the mid-1970s, the station on line 6 was rebuilt for rubber-tired vehicles and lost its function as a terminus. Since then, the trains may have been pausing in the following Kléber station .

description

All stations are under elliptical vaults, the tiled side walls follow the curvature of the ellipse. You have side platforms on two main tracks (lines 1 and 2) or one track (line 6). In the single-track station of Line 6, the northern platform is used for entry, the southern platform for passengers to exit.

The stations of lines 2 and 6 have the original standard length of 75 m, the station of line 1 is 90 m long. On the north side of the square, the stations of lines 1 and 6 are parallel to each other, while that of line 6 is within an end loop that goes around the Arc de Triomphe underground. Both stations are crossed by Line 2, whose station extends into Avenue de Wagram.

From line 1 to the west of its station, an operating track went to line 2 in the direction of Porte Dauphine (Raccordement de Boissière), which has now been closed. As before, an operating track is in operation that leads from the east head of the station on line 6 to line 1 in the east. Immediately after the line 6 station, a second track branches off to the Kléber station.

There are eleven entrances from street level. One of the two station buildings designed by Hector Guimard stood on Avenue Wagram; it was demolished again in 1926 with the access to the substation there, which he also designed .

vehicles

Initially, trains ran on Line 1, which consisted of a railcar with only one driver's cab and two sidecars . These vehicles were two-axle and each nearly nine meters long. As early as 1902, eight-car trains were formed, each with a railcar at the ends of the train. The railcars were replaced by four-axle vehicles on bogies until 1905, and the sidecars from 1906 . In 1908, green painted five-car trains of the Sprague-Thomson design entered Line 1, which stayed there until the 1960s. From May 1963, the Sprague-Thomson trains, which ran on rails, were successively replaced by the MP 59 series with rubber-tyred vehicles . The MP 89  CC series followed in 1997, which gave way to the MP 05 series with the start of automatic operation .

Until October 1902, two-axle railcars with wooden superstructures also ran on Line 2 North. Unlike those on Line 1, they had two driver's cabs, as they had to be moved to the other end of the train at the provisional Ètoile coupling point . Initially, two sidecars were carried. After the line was extended to Anvers on October 7, 1902, trains were made up of six sidecars and one railcar at each end of the train. From 1914 to 1981 line 2 was used by Sprague-Thomson trains. Since the line was not to be converted to vehicles with rubber tires in the medium term, the MF 67 series was launched in 1979 , which completely replaced its predecessor within two years. Series vehicles of the MF 01 series have been in use since 2008, and exclusively since 2011.

Before 1906, the section of today's line 6 was only used by four-car trains made up of two-axle vehicles because of the short platforms at the temporary terminal in Passy . Trains of the Sprague-Thomson type followed from around 1910. In July 1974 the line was switched to vehicles with rubber tires, and the MP 73 series has been operating there ever since .

Surroundings

Place Charles-de-Gaulle with the triumphal arch

Remarks

  1. ↑ The second station building designed by Guimard was located above the east end of the Bastille station on Line 1 until 1962
  2. ↑ After the metro accident at Couronnes train station in August 1903, both railcars ran one behind the other on the Zugspitze, including on Line 2 North
  3. ↑ In contrast to the other lines, the trains on Line 1 were kept in light gray from the early 1930s (with a red 1st class car)
  4. ↑ CC means "Conduite Conducteur" (driver-controlled), in contrast to the driverless type MP 89 CA

Web links

Commons : Charles de Gaulle - Étoile (Paris Metro)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jean Tricoire: Un siècle de métro en 14 lignes. De Bienvenüe à Météor . 2nd Edition. La Vie du Rail, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-902808-87-9 , p. 146 .
  2. ^ Gérard Roland: Stations de métro d'Abbesses à Wagram . Christine Bonneton, Clermont-Ferrand 2011, ISBN 978-2-86253-382-7 , pp. 75 ff .
  3. ↑ a b Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 131.
  4. ↑ Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 150.
  5. ↑ a b Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 210 f.
  6. ^ Brian Hardy: Paris Metro Handbook . 3. Edition. Capital Transport Publishing, Harrow Weald 1999, ISBN 1-85414-212-7 , pp. 34 .
  7. ^ Jean Robert: Notre Métro . 2nd Edition. J. Robert, Neuilly-sur-Seine 1983, p. 243 .
  8. ^ Brian Hardy: op. Cit. P. 36.
  9. ↑ Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 134.
  10. ↑ Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 211.
  11. ↑ Mark Ovenden: Paris Underground . Penguin Books, London 2009, ISBN 978-0-14-311639-4 , pp. 22 .
  12. ↑ Entrée du métropolitain - Station Étoile at lartnouveau.com, accessed on August 19, 2017.
  13. ↑ Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 132 ff.
  14. ↑ Jean Tricoire: op. Cit. P. 146.
  15. ↑ Jean Tricoire, op. Cit. P. 154.
  16. ^ Julian Pepinster: Le métro de Paris . Éditions La Vie du Rail, Paris 2010, ISBN 978-2-918758-12-9 , p. 185 .
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Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ′ 25.8 "  N , 2 ° 17 ′ 41.8"  E