Chinese jewelry gentian
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Chinese jewelry gentian ( Gentiana sino-ornata ), cultivar 'White Dream' |
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| Gentiana sino-ornata | ||||||||||||
| Balf. f. |
The Chinese jewelry Gentian ( Gentiana sino-ornata ), also Chinese Autumn gentian called, is a plant from the kind of gentians ( Gentiana ). It occurs in two varieties in China.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Chinese jewelry gentian is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 10 to 15 centimeters. The upright, bare stems are short branched, some branches have no flowers.
The leaves of the base rosette are only weakly pronounced. Their leaf blades are 4 to 6 millimeters long and 2 to 5 millimeters wide and narrowly triangular with a 2 to 4 millimeter long fused base, a pointed upper end and a rough edge. The opposite leaves on the stems are bent upwards and are closer to the tip of the shoot and are larger; their midrib is clearly pronounced. The lower to middle stem leaves are 7 to 10 millimeters long and 2 to 2.5 millimeters wide, above they are 1 to 3.5 centimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide. The upper stalk leaves are 2 to 4 millimeters long and 2 to 3 millimeters wide with a wedge-shaped base, a pointed upper end and a rough leaf margin.
Generative characteristics
The flowering and fruit ripening period of the Chinese jewelry gentian extends from May to October. The sitting flowers are solitary and terminal. The uppermost leaves envelop the calyx .
The hermaphrodite flowers are radially symmetrical with a double flower envelope . The sepals are fused. The calyx tube is 1.3 to 1.5 centimeters long and is narrowly inverted. With a length of 1.3 to 1.5 centimeters, the green calyx tips are linear-lanceolate to lanceolate with a pointed upper end, a rough edge and a clearly pronounced central rib. The crown is pale blue, pale yellow to white at the base, and has dark blue stripes or dots. With a diameter of 5 to 6 centimeters, the corolla is inverted-conical to inverted-conical-tubular. The corolla lobes are egg-shaped and with a length of 7 to 8 millimeters. The appendages in the folds between the overgrown petals are egg-shaped with a blunt upper end and entire margins with a length of 2 to 3 millimeters. The stamens start in the middle of the corolla tube. The stamens are 1 to 1.2 inches long. The anthers are narrow elliptical with a length of 3 to 3.5 millimeters. The 6 to 7 millimeter long stylus ends in linear scar flaps .
The capsule fruit is ovate-elliptical with a length of 2.5 to 2.7 centimeters. The gynophore is up to 2.5 centimeters long. The light brown seeds are elliptical and 0.8 to 1 millimeters in size.
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 48.
Occurrence
Gentiana sino-ornata occurs in the People's Republic of China in eastern Tibet , western Sichuan and northwestern Yunnan . The locations are at altitudes of 2800 to 4600 meters.
Systematics
The first description of Gentiana sino-ornata was made in 1918 by Isaac Bayley Balfour .
There are two varieties and one form of the species Gentiana sino-ornata :
- Gentiana sino-ornata Balf. f. var. sino-ornata : It thrives at altitudes of 2800 to 4600 meters in China in eastern Tibet, northwestern Yunnan and western Sichuan. The stem leaves are lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, the crown is narrow to funnel-shaped.
- Gentiana sino-ornata var. Gloriosa Marquand : It grows on wet Auwiesen, alpine meadows and shrubbery rich meadows at elevations from 3,000 to 4,300 meters in China in eastern Tibet, northwestern Yunnan and southwestern Sichuan. The stem leaves are elliptical-lanceolate, the crown is funnel-shaped.
- Gentiana sino-ornata f. alba (Forrest) Marquand : This form occurs in China in northwest Yunnan and southwest Sichuan on wet meadows and alpine meadows at altitudes of 3600 to 4300 meters. The crown is white.
use
The Chinese jewelry gentian is rarely used as an ornamental plant in rock gardens. It is the parent of numerous hybrids. There are numerous varieties (selection):
- 'Bellatrix': The crown is white with blue spots.
- 'Blue dwarf': The plants have short shoots.
- 'Excelsior': She is big-blooded.
- 'Pilate's Spirit': The plants are profuse.
There are also varieties with double flowers. Gentiana sino-ornata has been in culture since around 1910.
literature
- Ting-nung Ho, James S. Pringle: Gentianaceae. : Gentiana sino-ornata , p. 48 - online with the same text as the printed work , In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (ed.): Flora of China , Volume 16 - Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae , Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press , Beijing and St. Louis, 1995, ISBN 0-915279-33-9 . PDF file; 1.19 MB.
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gentiana sinoornata at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
