Cityringen
Cityringen (German about "the ( inner ) city ring ") is an extension of the Copenhagen Metro in the area of the cities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg . It is used by the M3 metro lines and, since March 28, 2020, in sections by the M4. The plans were approved by the Folketing , the Danish parliament, on June 1, 2007 . The opening of the city ring took place on September 29, 2019. Like the entire metro network in Copenhagen, the Cityring is also used by driverless trains.
history
The construction of the construction sites began in 2011, the drilling work on the tunnel section in 2013. The costs are estimated at 15 billion crowns (equivalent to around 2 billion euros).
The opening of the 15.5 km long tunnel was originally planned for mid-2019. The following four milestones were decisive for the opening date:
- Significant completion in October 2018 was achieved.
- The readiness for handover to the operator at the end of March 2019 was not achieved.
- Trial operation from the end of April 2019: The start of trial operation was approved with restrictions.
The route was declared open by Queen Margrethe II on September 29, 2019 . The Queen took the first train from the subway station on Rathausplatz with Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen and Copenhagen's Mayor Frank Jensen as well as Transport Minister Benny Engelbrecht and other transport politicians. Simon Aggesen , Mayor of Frederiksberg , got on at Frederiksberg Allé station . At around 3 p.m. the two stations at Rathausplatz and Frederiksberg were opened to the public, and all other stations from 4 p.m.
Course and stations
The line consists of 17 stations. They cut the existing metro network at the Kongens Nytorv and Frederiksberg stations , where crossing stations were built between the M1 / M2 and M3 / M4 lines. With the construction, Copenhagen Central Station was connected to the city's metro network for the first time .
There were two suggestions about the course of the line. In December 2005, the cities of Copenhagen and Frederiksberg decided on the "Frederiksberg route", which crosses the existing metro network at Frederiksberg station. For the other route planning, the intersection should be at the Forum station . This route was chosen because there is hardly any overlap with the areas already served by S-tog and Metro .
The two direction tracks are each guided in their own tunnel tubes. Driving takes place automatically and every two minutes.
Lines
The route will be used by the new line M3. Line M4 has been using parts of the same route since March 28, 2020 and runs from Copenhagen Central Station to Østerport station , after which it branches off in the direction of the new Nordhavn urban development project on the former industrial port area. On the main line, it serves as an amplifier line on the heavily frequented section.
Furthermore, construction work began in 2018 on an extension of the M4 line in a southerly direction through the Sydhavn area to the Ny Ellebjerg railway junction . The extension ("Sydhavnsmetro") is scheduled to go into operation in 2024.
Stations
The stations are listed counterclockwise, starting in the southwest and have the following names:
- København H (transfer to S-tog and the DSB lines )
- Rådhuspladsen
- Gammel Beach
- Kongens Nytorv (possibility to change to lines M1 and M2 )
- Marble birches
- Østerport (possibility to change to S-tog and the DSB lines)
- Triangles
- Poul Henningsen's Plads
- Vibenshus Runddel
- Skjolds Plads
- Nørrebro (transfer to S-tog and the DSB lines)
- Nørrebros Runddel
- Nuuks Plads
- Aksel Møllers Have
- Frederiksberg (possibility to change to lines M1 and M2)
- Frederiksberg Allé
- Enghave Plads
Each station received an individual architecture that was adapted to the local environment. For example, the dark tiles of the Nuuks Plads station symbolize the colors of the former archive building on the square. For the three transfer stations to the Danish State Railways (DSB), a shade of red based on the DSB colors was chosen.
Movie
- Mega buildings - Copenhagen's super subway. (OT: Super Tunnel. ) Documentary with computer animation, Great Britain, 2017, 44:07 min., Script and director: Mat Stimpson, production: Windfall Films, Channel 4 , series: Mega-Bauten , episode 4, (OT: Building Up Giants ), German first broadcast: December 8, 2017 on n-tv , synopsis from fernsehserien.de and Windfall Films.
Web links
- Velkommen i Metroen - hele ugen, hele døgnet, året rundt. In: Metro Copenhagen , accessed August 23, 2019, (Danish, English ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ NORDHAVN FOR METRO 28. MARTS. In: nordhavn-avis.dk. January 24, 2020, accessed March 29, 2020 (Danish).
- ↑ Ritzau: Nordhavn kobles på Københavns metronet i stilhed Grundet corona. In: jv.dk. Retrieved March 29, 2020 (Danish).
- ↑ Lov om en Cityring. In: retsinformation.dk. June 6, 2007, accessed July 23, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ https://jyllands-posten.dk/indland/ECE11646108/tag-med-rundt-i-cityringen/
- ↑ FAKTA: Cityringens fremdrift for April 2019. (PDF) In: m.dk. May 2019, p. 1 , accessed on July 23, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Enighed om Metro-ring to 15 billion kroner. In: dr.dk. December 2, 2005, accessed July 23, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ a b Cityringen metro tunnel breakthrough. In: railwaygazette.com. January 30, 2015, accessed July 23, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d Carl-Emil Søe: Dronningen åbnede ny metro: Hvor vi glæder os til at få Kongens Nytorv igen. TV 2, September 29, 2019, accessed October 4, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Casper Fauerholdt, Christoffer Løvstrup Bagge: Ny metrolinje åbner i København. TV 2, September 29, 2019, accessed October 4, 2019 (Danish).
- ^ Metro til Nordhavn. In: m.dk. Retrieved July 23, 2019 (Danish).
- ^ Metro til Sydhavn. In: m.dk. Retrieved July 23, 2019 (Danish).
- ↑ Status på Cityringen. In: m.dk. Retrieved July 23, 2019 (Danish).