Claude de Lorraine, duc de Chevreuse

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Claude de Lorraine, prince de Joinville, Frans Pourbus the Younger , 1610, Althorp House

Claude de Lorraine ( June 5, 1578 - January 24, 1657 ), Prince of Joinville and Duke of Chevreuse , was a French prince from the House of Guise , contemporary of Kings Henry IV and Louis XIII.

He was the husband of Marie de Rohan, Duchess of Chevreuse (1600–1679), the famous intriguer at the French court.

Life

He was the fifth son and seventh child of Henri I de Lorraine, duc de Guise and Catherine de Clèves , Countess of Eu . As Prince de Joinville he was on March 12, 1612 by Louis XIII. appointed Duc de Chevreuse and Pair de France on August 21, 1627 . In 1621 he became Grand Chamberlain of France , and at the end of the first Huguenot rebellion (1620-1622), after the siege of Montpellier , in which he took part, Grand Fauconnier de France . He was governor of Auvergne , Bourbonnais and Picardy . According to Agnes Strickland he participated in the May 1, 1625 as a representative of the French king at the wedding of King Charles I with Henrietta Maria of France in part, the sister of Louis XIII., In part and in the same year of Charles I in the Order of the Garter recorded.

On April 22, 1622, 44 years old herself, he married Marie de Rohan, daughter of Hercule de Rohan , Duke of Montbazon, and widow of Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes (the favorite of the king, of whom she had a son whose godfather the king became).

Claude de Lorraine and Marie de Rohan had three daughters:

He and his new family moved into one of the castles that the House of Guise owned in the Paris region, the castle of Dampierre (Yvelines) near Chevreuse .

Claude de Lorraine died on January 24, 1657 without male descendants and was buried in Paris in the Church of St-Joseph-des-Carmes .

intrigue

Even without large outlines, he managed to stay away from his wife's conspiracies, but was before 1600, i.e. H. in the time before his marriage, involved in an attack against Catherine Henriette de Balzac d'Entragues , the mistress of Henry IV.

With the support of Queen Maria de 'Medici , who was tired of the arrogance of Henriette d'Entragues, her husband's lover (Henry IV had given Henriette a written promise of marriage), Julienne-Hippolyte d'Estrées , from the Prince de Joinville, succeeded a former lover of Henriette to receive the letters Henriette had written to him, especially those in which she mocked the king and queen. As soon as Julienne-Hippolyte had these letters in her hands, she showed them to Maria de 'Medici, who could hardly contain herself for joy. It didn't take long for the Queen to get Julienne Hippolyte to show the said letters to the King. The meeting took place in a church, the intrigue bore fruit, but not for long.

Henriette, who was aware of the plot, tried to turn the situation in her favor. A secretary was hired to forge all kinds of letters from alleged lover Julienne-Hippolytes. The king was then convinced that this secretary had also forged Henriette's letters to Joinville in order to satisfy his mistress' wishes. Henriette also managed to convince the king of her innocence and they reconciled. Henriette d'Entragues regained her influence on the king - and Julienne-Hippolyte was asked to retire to Le Havre.

literature

  • Gabriel Daniel (SJ), Histoire de France depuis l'établissement de la monarchie française First complete edition 1713 (here: History of France since the foundation of the Franconian monarchy in Gaul, part 11, from 1589 to 1610 , Nuremberg 1761; Chapter 7 "From the Miss of Entragues", p. 523ff)
  • Detlev Schwennicke : European family tables . Volume I.2, 1999, plate 209

Web link

Commons : Claude de Lorraine, duc de Chevreuse  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Daniel
personal data
SURNAME Chevreuse, Claude de Lorraine Duc de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lorraine, Claude de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Prince de Joinville, Duc de Chevreuse, Pair de France
DATE OF BIRTH June 5, 1578
DATE OF DEATH January 24, 1657