Coddia rudis
| Coddia rudis | ||||||||||||
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Coddia rudis |
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Coddia | ||||||||||||
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| Coddia rudis | ||||||||||||
| ( E.Mey. Ex Harv .) Verdc. |
Coddia rudis is the only way the plant genus Coddia within the family of the redness plants (Rubiaceae). It is a floral element of the Capensis . It is used as an ornamental plant. Common names are Small Bone-apple in Englishand Kleinbeenappel in Afrikaans ; It is rarelycalled a bone apple in German-speaking countries . The generic name Coddia honors Leslie Edward Wostall Codd (1908-1999), a South African botanist.
description
Appearance and leaf
Coddia rudis grows as an unreinforced, almost evergreen, well-branched shrub with heights of 1 to 2.5 m or as a small tree with heights of up to 4 meters, but there are usually several trunks. The mostly overarching branches have an initially fluffy gray hairy bark .
The opposite leaves are concentrated on the twigs and short shoots and are indistinctly divided into petiole and leaf blade. The actual petiole is only short and with the narrowed blade base is at most 1 cm long; he is eyelashed. The thin, simple leaf blade is 0.8 to 5.5 cm long and 0.3 to 3.3 cm wide, elliptical to almost circular, usually with a blunt to slightly pointed upper end and a wedge-shaped blade base that extends into the petiole narrows. Both leaf surfaces can be hairy more or less densely bristly and downy or on the upper side of the leaf the middle nerve is downy and hairy and there are hairy domatia on the underside of the leaf . Durable basal pieces of the 1 to 2 mm long, downy hairy stipules remain on the short shoots like knots.
Flower, fruit and seeds
The flowering time in South Africa is in spring. The flowers are in several in the leaf axils. The 1 to 2 mm long flower stalks sometimes extend to a length of 4 to 5 mm until the fruit is ripe.
The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five durable, fluffy hairy to bald sepals have grown together to form a 1 to 2 mm long calyx. The calyx tube is 1 to 1.5 mm long and the calyx teeth are 0.5 to 1.5 (to 2.5) mm long. The five initially white to cream-colored, later dark yellow-colored petals are fused together to form a 5 to 7 mm long corolla tube and the corolla lobes are (3 to) 4 to 6 mm long and 1.7 to 2.5 (to 5.5) mm. The tips of the anthers protrude beyond the crown by a maximum of 2 mm.
The ellipsoidal to almost spherical fruit with a length and a diameter of 5 to 7 mm is greenish-brown and glabrous or more or less densely bristly to finely haired; it is crowned by durable calyx teeth. The light coconut-colored seeds have a size of about 2.5 × 1.8 × 0.7 mm.
Occurrence
Coddia rudis is common in southern Africa . It occurs in Mozambique , Zimbabwe , Swaziland and in the South African provinces of Eastern Cape , KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga .
In Zimbabwe, Coddia rudis thrives in gallery forests and woodlands containing Brachystegia species at altitudes between 0 and 1290 meters. In South Africa it thrives in the bushveld and on forest edges.
Use and ecology
Coddia rudis is used as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens.
The fruits ripen in South Africa from January to June and are eaten by humans and eaten by birds.
The leaves are grazed by wildlife and livestock.
Systematics
Coddia rudis is the only species of the genus Coddia that the subfamily Ixoroideae within the family Rubiaceae belongs.
The first description of this species was under the name Randia rudis by Ernst Heinrich Friedrich Meyer and was published in William Henry Harvey : Thesaurus Capensis , 1, 1859, pp. 22-23. In 1981 Bernard Verdcourt established the monotypical genus Coddia in Notes on African Rubiaceae , In: Kew Bulletin , Volume 36, p. 509 with this species under the name Coddia rudis . Further synonyms for Coddia rudis (E.Mey. Ex Harv.) Verdc. are: Lachnosiphonium rude (E.Mey. ex Harv.) Ridl. , Lachnosiphonium rude var. Parvifolium (Harv.) Yamam. , Randia parvifolia Harv. , Xeromphis rudis Codd , Xeromphis rudis (E.Mey. Ex Harv.) Codd .
swell
- Braam Van Wyk & Piet Van Wyk: Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa (Field Guides). Struik Publishers, 1997. ISBN 978-1868259229 : Coddia rudis on p. 280 (section description, use and occurrence)
- Coddia rudis (E.Mey. Ex Harv.) Verdc. , In: DMBridson & B. Verdcourt: Rubiaceae , In: Flora Zambesiaca , Volume 5, 2003. (Section Description and Occurrence)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
- ↑ Geoff Nichols: Down to Earth: Gardening with Indigenous Shrubs , Struik Verlag, 2002 ISBN 9781770074125 : Google-Book-Online. : Coddia rudis on p. 34
- ↑ a b c data sheet at Nature-First . ( Memento of the original from August 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Coddia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Coddia rudis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
further reading
- LE Codd: Rubiaceae , In: JG Anderson, LE Codd, RA Dyer, MD Henderson, DJB Killick & B. de Winter: New and interesting taxa from southern Africa , Kirkia , 1, 1961, pp. 100-118.