Cohors II Lingonum

The Cohors II Lingonum [equitata] ( German  2nd cohort of Lingons [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas , inscriptions, brick stamps , lead seals and the Notitia dignitatum . In the Notitia dignitatum it is referred to as Cohors secunda Lingonum .

Name components

• Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

• II : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the second ( Latin secunda ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors secunda ...

• Lingonum : the lingon . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Lingon people in the Roman province of Gallia Belgica when the unit was established .

• equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in an inscription.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Britannia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 98-178.

The first evidence of unity in Britannia is based on a diploma dated 98. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Britannia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 122 to 178, prove unity in the same province.

The unit is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum with the name Cohors secunda Lingonum for the Congavata location. It was part of the troops under the command of the Dux Britanniarum under the direction of a tribune .

Locations

Cohort locations in Britannia may have been:

Congavata (Drumburgh): the unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location. Luguvalium ( Carlisle ): a lead seal with the unity stamp was found here. Gabroson ( Moresby ): two inscriptions have been found here.

Verbeia ( Ilkley ): two inscriptions and bricks with the unity stamp were found here. Verterae (Brough under Stainmore): two lead seals with the stamp of the unity were found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Caecilius Lucanus , a prefect Gaius Hedius Verus , a prefect. He is also mentioned as a commander on the diploma of 127. Gaius Pompeius Saturninus , a prefect

C (aius) Pupius Severus, a prefect ( AE 2013, 1643 ). He was also the tribune of the Cohors I Musulamiorum . Clodius Fronto , a prefect Valerius Lupercus , a prefect

Others

• Itaxa, a foot soldier: the diploma of 127 was issued to him.

See also

List of Roman auxiliary units List of military units in the Notitia dignitatum

Roman forces in Britannia

Web links

• 2266 - Cohors II Lingonum. Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB), accessed January 10, 2017 . 

literature

• John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Inscription with equitata ( CIL 11, 6123 ).
2. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 98 ( CIL 16, 43 ), 122 ( AE 2008, 800 , CIL 16, 69 ), 124 ( CIL 16, 70 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 240 , ZPE-162-225 ), 130/131 ( ZPE-156-246 ), 158 ( RMD 5, 420 ) and 178 ( RMD 3, 184 , RMD 4, 293 , RMD 4, 294 ).
3. ^ ^{A b c} John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 173-174, 177-178.
4. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 157 Table 1 ( PDF ).
5. ^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XL ( online ).
6. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan : Pre-Severan auxilia named in the Notitia Dignitatum In: British Archaeological Reports , Volume 15 (1976), pp. 59-80, here p. 73.
7. ^ ^{A b} Johannes Nollé , Margaret M. Roxan: Military diploma for a 'Dacian' released in Britain. In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , Volume 117 (1997), pp. 269–276, here pp. 271–274 ( PDF ).
8. ^ Paul A. Holder : A Roman Military Diploma from Ravenglass, Cumbria. In: Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. Volume 79, number 1 (1997), pp. 3–42, here pp. 13–14 ( PDF ).
9. ↑ Lead seal from Luguvalium : stamp LIN ( RIB 2411,107 ).
10. ↑ inscriptions from Gabrosentum ( RIB 798 , RIB 800 ).
11. ↑ Inscriptions from Verbeia ( RIB 635 , RIB 636 ).
12. ^ Bricks from Verbeia : stamp COH II LING ( RIB 2475.1 to RIB 2475.5 ).
13. ↑ Lead seal from Verterae : Stamp C II L ( RIB 2411,106 , RIB 2411,108 ).