Conservatorio della Pietà dei Turchini

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A door with the coat of arms of the Pietà dei turchini in the church of the same name

The Conservatorio della Pietà dei Turchini (" Conservatory of the Pietà of the Little Turks") was one of the four famous orphanages and conservatories of Naples that gave rise to the Neapolitan School in the 17th and 18th centuries . At the beginning of the 19th century, they merged with the founding of the Conservatorio San Pietro a Majella, which still exists today .

history

The institute was founded in 1583 by members of the charitable brotherhood dei Bianchi dell'Incoronatella , who had their meeting place in the church chiesa dell'Incoronatella since 1573 .

In 1592, the leaders ( Governatori ) of the Incoronatella decided to open an orphanage, which was linked to a large church in which the statue of the Beatissima Vergine della Pietà was venerated. The name of the orphanage was therefore initially Santa Maria della Pietà dei figlioli , but it was later renamed the conservatorio della Pietà dei Turchini because the children raised here wore turquoise clothes and berets and were therefore called li turchini ("the little Turks") (The children of the other three orphanages could also be recognized by the color of their clothes).

The Pietà dei Turchini was particularly well organized from the start and was even supported by the King of Spain. She was also the longest-lived music school in Naples, which was not closed, unlike the other three, but only moved: after in the 18th century with the two conservatories Sant'Onofrio a Porta Capuana and Santa Maria di Loreto had joined forces arrived, it was re-established in 1807 as the Real collegio di Musica (Royal Music College). The seat of the new conservatory and the remaining students of the old one were initially quartered in the Monastero della Dame di San Sebastiano, and in 1826 in the Convento dei Padri Celestini di San Pietro a Majella. So the Pietà dei Turchini ended up in the Conservatorio San Pietro a Majella , which still exists today and which also owns the valuable collections of the Pietà dei Turchini, consisting of sheet music and scores by the most important composers of the Neapolitan school, and books Data on the administration of the former conservatory.

The church of Santa Maria Incoronatella della Pietà dei Turchini in via Medina still commemorates the Pietà dei Turchini ; it lies between two of the conservatory's former wings, which are now privately owned.

Teaching

Music lessons began in the early 17th century. The first documented music teacher was Don Lelio d'Urso, between 1615 and 1622; he was followed from 1622 to 1626 by Giovanni Maria Sabino , who is considered the first director ( maestro ) of the conservatory and also its first official conductor. During its heyday, teachers included composers such as Giovanni Salvatore , Francesco Provenzale , Nicola Fago and Leonardo Leo , and countless singers - especially castrati - and instrumentalists were trained, mainly in the churches and theaters of the city, the Teatro San Bartolomeo and from the 18th century at the Teatro San Carlo , made their living.

As in the other three music schools in Naples, there was only one teacher for string instruments and one for wind instruments . In contrast to the other three schools, the atmosphere at the Pietà dei Turchini was considered to be more "human": dormitories and other rooms were spacious, the living conditions were of better quality, and there was also its own bakery, hospital and pharmacy.

ladder

The following is a list of the directors ( primi maestri ) of the Conservatorio della Pietà dei Turchini, with their respective periods of activity:

teacher and student

The dates here indicate the lifetime.

Important teachers:

Notable students:

Bibliografia

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website of the Conservatorio San Pietro a Majella, subpage "storia" (Italian; accessed on January 20, 2020)
  2. ↑ a b c d www.sanpietroamajella.it , page 1 (pagina 1) (Italian; accessed January 20, 2020)
  3. ↑ a b c d e www.sanpietroamajella.it , page 2 (pagina 2), accessible by clicking on an arrow above or below on page 1 (Italian; accessed on January 20, 2020)
  4. ↑ www.sanpietroamajella.it , accessed October 8, 2018
  5. ↑ Meloncelli "Coppola, Pietro Antonio," in Dictionnaire biografico degli Italiani , Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana