Constantin von Monakow

Constantin von Monakow, around 1914

Constantin von Monakow - also Konstantin Nikolajewitsch von Monakow - (born November 4, 1853 on the Bobrezewo estate, Vologda governorate ; † October 19, 1930 in Zurich ) was a Russian-Swiss neurologist, neuroanatomist and neuropathologist.

Life

Constantin von Monakow and his father, active as landowners and lawyers, emigrated to Dresden in 1863 for political reasons , where Constantin went to school. In 1866 they moved to Oberstrass , Switzerland , where he was naturalized in 1868. He graduated from high school and studied medicine at the University of Zurich from 1872 to 1877 . In 1876 he became assistant to Eduard Hitzig at the Burghölzli psychiatric clinic . From 1878 to 1885 Monakow worked as an assistant doctor at the St. Pirminsberg Sanatorium. In 1880 he received his doctorate from the University of Zurich.

In 1885 von Monakow opened a practice in Zurich. He was the first physician in Switzerland to receive his habilitation in neurology and neuroanatomy . In the following year he opened a neurological polyclinic and a brain anatomy laboratory with his own resources. In 1894 the University of Zurich appointed him associate professor. In 1910 he donated his outpatient clinic and laboratory to the canton of Zurich, but continued to manage them until 1927.

In 1909 he founded the Swiss Neurological Society with Paul Dubois . In 1917 he founded the Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry , of which he was editor until his death in 1930.

Monakow coined the term diaschisis . The Monakow Bundle is named after him.

Fonts (selection)

• Contribution to the localization of cerebral cortex tumors. In: Archives for Psychiatry and Nervous Diseases . Vol. 11, H. 3 (October 1881), pp. 613-635, doi: 10.1007 / BF01796317 (dissertation, University of Zurich, 1881).
• Brain pathology. Hölder, Vienna 1897; 2nd, completely revised and enlarged edition 1905.
• The red core, the hood and the hypothalamic region in some mammals and in humans: comparative anatomical, normal anatomical, experimental and pathological-anatomical studies. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1910.
• About localization of the brain function. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1910.
• New perspectives on the question of localization in the cerebrum. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1911.
• Structure and localization of movements in humans. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1911.
• The localization in the cerebrum and the degradation of function by cortical foci. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1914.
• ed. with Gennosuke Fuse: Microscopic Atlas of the Human Brain. Orell Füssli, Zurich 1916.
• Feeling, manners and brain. Bergmann, Wiesbaden 1916.
• with Raoul Mourgue: Biological introduction to the study of neurology and psychopathology. Hippocrates, Stuttgart 1930.
• Brain and conscience: psychobiological essays (= knowledge and life. Vol. 4). With a biographical introduction by Mieczyslaw Minkowski . Conzett and Huber, Zurich 1950.
• Vita mea - my life. Edited by Alfred W. Gubser and Erwin H. Ackerknecht . Huber, Bern 1970.

literature

• Maria Waser : Meeting in the evening: A legacy. DVA, Stuttgart / Berlin 1933.
• Ceremony in the auditorium of the University of Zurich on the 100th birthday of Constantin von Monakow: Saturday, December 5, 1953, 11 am (= Swiss Neurological Society: minutes of the meeting. Vol. 73). In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry . Vol. 74 (1954), Issue 1/2, pp. 1-112.
• Mieczyslaw Minkowski: Constantin von Monakow, his contribution and his impulses to the development of the basic neurological problems of the structure, localization and dismantling of nervous functions. In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry. Vol. 74 (1955), H. 1/2, pp. 27-59.
• Alfred W. Gubser: Constantin von Monakow and the appointment of Sherrington to Oxford. In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry. Vol. 100 (1967), H. 2, pp. 381-386.
• Konrad Akert: On the 50th anniversary of the death of Constantin von Monakow. In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry. 128: 2, pp. 335-339 (1981).
• Konrad Akert: Constantin von Monakow (1853–1930) as a brain anatomy. In: Swiss Archive for Neurology and Psychiatry. 146 (1995), Supplementum I, pp. 9-15.
• Barbara I. Tshisuaka: Monakow, Konstantin von. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 1003.

Web links

• Literature by and about Constantin von Monakow in the catalog of the German National Library
• Urs Boschung : Monakow, Constantin von. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• Overview of Constantin von Monakow's courses at the University of Zurich (winter semester 1885 to summer semester 1900)